The motivation to write this paper is a need to contribute to research of methods of defence against intentional attacks on components of hybrid power systems (microgrids) based on renewable energy ...sources and storage systems. Spatially distributed electrical energy sources and energy storage devices are gradually being developed and installed, but the security protection of microgrids or individual components of a microgrid is not being improved accordingly. A good example is a fleet of EVs in an urban environment connected to a microgrid with low level of security measures in place (or sometimes none). The term security refers to protection against intentional attacks, not protection against accidents and malfunctions (safety). Lithium batteries, as potentially the most dangerous devices in a microgrid system, i.e. the most likely targets of intentional attacks, can be protected by adequate protection of their power converters and BMSs. This paper presents some of the possible intentional attacks on a battery energy storage system in a microgrid, as well as proposed improvements to the protection of communication channels, power converters' process data logging, and physical protection of battery energy storage systems.
Contemporary world, as shown by both the scientific research and our everyday experiences, is a place of grave social inequalities and rapid degradation of our physical environment. Processes that ...have led to this are mostly explained on higher levels of abstraction. In this paper, I question them in the context of the processes of soci(et)al reproduction, and I show the relevance of Rudi Supek’s work in contemporary discussions.
This paper proposes a new method for assessing the state of charge (SoC) and identifying the types of different lithium-ion cells used in the battery systems of light electric vehicles. A particular ...challenge in the development of this method was the SoC estimation time, as the method is intended for implementation in the control system of a bicycle charging station, where the state of charge must be determined immediately after the bicycle is plugged in in order to start the charging process as quickly as possible according to the appropriate charging algorithm. The method is based on the identification of the transfer function, i.e., the dynamic response of the battery voltage to the current pulse. In the learning phase of this method, a database of reference transfer functions and corresponding SoCs for a specific type of battery cell is created. The transfer functions are described by coefficients determined through the optimization procedure. The algorithm for estimating the unknown battery cell SoCs is based on the comparison of the measured voltage response with the responses of the reference transfer functions from the database created during the learning process to the same current signal. The comparison is made by calculating the integral of the square error (ISE) between the response of the specific reference transfer function and the measured voltage response of the battery cell. Each transfer function corresponds to a specific SoC and cell type. The specific SoC of the unknown battery is determined by quadratic interpolation of the SoC near the reference point with the smallest ISE for each battery type. The cell type detection algorithm is based on the fact that the integral squared error criterion near the actual SoC for the actual cell type changes less than the squared error criterion for any other battery cell type with the same SoC. An algorithm for estimating the SoC and cell type is described and tested on several different cell types. The relative error between the estimated SoC and the actual SoC was used as a measure of the accuracy of the algorithm, where the actual SoC was calculated using the Coulomb counting method.
Filozofski život Sumrak, Marko; Perušić, Luka; Kovačić, Ivana ...
Filozofska istraživanja,
2015, Letnik:
35, Številka:
4/140
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
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Simpozij »Kultura – jedno i mnoštvo«
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