The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effects of preoperative administration of parenteral antibiotics with or without concomitant preoperative administration of oral antibiotics on the ...colonic mucosal-related microflora. Thirty-one patients were studied in a prospective fashion. Group A patients (n = 8) had colonoscopic mucosal biopsies performed after mechanical bowel preparation. Group B patients (n = 5) received neomycin and erythromycin (NE), 1 g each following mechanical bowel preparation, at 1, 2, and 11 p.m. the evening prior to either elective colon resection (n = 2) or prior to colonoscopic biopsy (n = 3). Emergent trauma patients who had left colon or sigmoid perforations due to gunshot wounds requiring segmental resection comprised group C (n = 7). These patients received cefoxitin or cefotetan 2 g intravenously preoperatively. Individuals in group D (n = 11) all had elective left hemicolectomies or sigmoid resections due to nonobstructing malignancies. These patients underwent the same regimen as group B patients in addition to receiving intravenous cefoxitin perioperatively. Quantitative and qualitative bacterial cultures as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study the mucosa-associated flora. Tissue for culture and SEM were obtained from the pathologic specimen immediately after removal. The interval between the dosage of parenteral antibiotics to tissue removal was 3 hours in both groups. Anaerobic and aerobic counts were suppressed the greatest in patients receiving both oral and parenteral antibiotics (p = 0.0001). Mean anaerobic counts decreased from 3.4 X 10(7) in group A to 1.8 X 10(2) (mean cfu/g) in group D patients. Mean aerobic counts in group A decreased from 3.7 X 10(6) to 64 (mean cfu/g) in group D.
Ovarian Cancer Scott, M; McCluggage, W G
Journal of Clinical Pathology,
05/2003, Letnik:
56, Številka:
5
Book Review
Recenzirano
The book comprises eight parts ranging from the aetiology of ovarian cancer through to the natural history and pathology, tumour biology, prevention and screening, diagnostic techniques and ...prognostic factors, surgical treatment and organisation of care, adjuvant and palliative treatment, and novel treatments for the future. Purely pathological chapters included are "The pathology of epithelial ovarian cancer", "The pathology of borderline ovarian malignancy", "Primary non-epithelial ovarian cancers", and "Metastases in the ovary".
Colposcopic biopsies were classified according to previously established criteria by a group of three pathologists interested in cervical pathology. Ten cases were identified in each of the following ...five groups: normal, koilocytosis, low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (CIN 1), high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (CIN 2) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (CIN 3). The Crocker technique was used to stain the sections cut 3 microns thick. With ths silver stain the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) are stained black and referred to as AgNORs. It has been shown that malignant and premalignant changes in cells produce an increase in AgNORs. In each case eight images were captured using a 100x oil-immersion objective and stored in a Datacube Maxvideo system as 512 x 480 pixels in an 8-bit grayscale per image. The images were processed using the NeoPath field-of-view computer to detect the AgNORs and nuclei by using grayscale mathematical morphology algorithms. Color overlays of the AgNORs and nuclei were created using segmentation algorithms. The results show that it is possible to differentiate between low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (CIN 1) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (CIN 2 and CIN 3) taken together; however, there is no difference between low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (CIN 1) and koilocytosis. The results support the concept that dysplasia cannot be classified effectively into three grades and that low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (mild dysplasia CIN 1) is indistinguishable from koilocytosis.
A 21-year-old female with mixed connective tissue disease presented with bilateral tender breast swelling associated with oedema and erythaema. Histological examination of submitted skin revealed ...oedema and a marked dermal perivascular lymphocytic infiltration composed almost exclusively of T cells. The breast tissue, while odematous and fibroadenotic, was devoid of an inflammatory cell infiltrate. The condition was responsive to high dose steroids.
Radium can be separated from barium-radium mixtures in ratios as high as 4440to 1 by a single elution from a cation exchange resin. Bariuim elution characteristics from Dowex 50 resin, position of ...elution maxima, and maximum barium loadings are correlated with citrate concentration and pH by the use of citrate complex equilibria, Ammonium citrate, 0.32M at pH 5.6, is the most satisiactory uluen; of those used; from the standpoints of separation factor and freedom from precipitation in the column. Conditions affecting the precipitation of slightly soluble barium citrate during elution with ammonium citrate sre discussed. Eluting above 25 C decreases separation factors and permissible barium levels.
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