This study hypothesizes that the relationship a student has with a teacher can be a very powerful force and can aid in coping with risk factors, such as family dysfunction, poor school adjustment and ...limited neighborhood resources. The data used in this analysis is from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW), which is the first national probability survey of children who have been deemed 'at-risk' due to exposure to the child welfare system through reported maltreatment. The study subsample of 1179 includes all children ages 11--14 in the NSCAW dataset. Due to the complex sampling process utilized by NSCAW, the analyses were conducted using calculated sample weights in SPSS. This weighting allows for results found here to be generalized to the national population of children investigated by child welfare services. This topic intersects both the mental health and education fields. Theoretical approaches applied, after an in depth investigation into the importance of emotion and cognition in learning for children, were attachment and resilience. These perspectives provide the rationale for the importance of the teacher's role in providing protection against risk. Baseline levels of attachment were determined, using a group of variables that represented this construct, and were found to be significantly associated with levels of school engagement and self-efficacy. These outcome variables represent two aspects of resilient behavior that were used to represent a positive ability to cope with risk. The students' relationship with his/her teacher was found to be significantly correlated to the outcomes of school engagement and self-efficacy and also to have a moderating effect on the association between attachment, self-efficacy and school engagement. Thus, this study provides further insight into the importance of teachers in the lives of at-risk children. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by addressing your request to ProQuest, 789 E. Eisenhower Parkway, P.O. Box 1346, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346. Telephone 1-800-521-3042; email: disspub@umi.com
This study hypothesizes that the relationship a student has with a teacher can be a very powerful force and can aid in coping with risk factors, such as family dysfunction, poor school adjustment and ...limited neighborhood resources. The data used in this analysis is from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW), which is the first national probability survey of children who have been deemed 'at-risk' due to exposure to the child welfare system through reported maltreatment. The study subsample of 1179 includes all children ages 11--14 in the NSCAW dataset. Due to the complex sampling process utilized by NSCAW, the analyses were conducted using calculated sample weights in SPSS. This weighting allows for results found here to be generalized to the national population of children investigated by child welfare services. This topic intersects both the mental health and education fields. Theoretical approaches applied, after an in depth investigation into the importance of emotion and cognition in learning for children, were attachment and resilience. These perspectives provide the rationale for the importance of the teacher's role in providing protection against risk. Baseline levels of attachment were determined, using a group of variables that represented this construct, and were found to be significantly associated with levels of school engagement and self-efficacy. These outcome variables represent two aspects of resilient behavior that were used to represent a positive ability to cope with risk. The students' relationship with his/her teacher was found to be significantly correlated to the outcomes of school engagement and self-efficacy and also to have a moderating effect on the association between attachment, self-efficacy and school engagement. Thus, this study provides further insight into the importance of teachers in the lives of at-risk children. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by addressing your request to ProQuest, 789 E. Eisenhower Parkway, P.O. Box 1346, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346. Telephone 1-800-521-3042; email: disspub@umi.com
Thirty-six male subjects aged 18 to 26 years were assigned at random to one of three treatment groups: biofeedback, static stretch, and control. Muscle soreness was produced in all subjects by an 80% ...maximal eccentric contraction of the biceps brachii. The subjects in the biofeedback group applied auditory electromyographic (EMG) feedback at 6, 25, 30, 49, and 54 hours after the exercise, and the stretch group applied static stretch to the exercised arm at the same time periods. Observations of EMG activity and perceived pain level were made immediately before and after exercise, and at 24, 48, and 72 hours following exercise. When compared with a control group, both auditory biofeedback and static stretching significantly reduced EMG muscle activity but had no significant effect on perceived pain. The EMG activity and perceived pain of the subjects in each treatment group significantly differed across observations.
This study hypothesizes that the relationship a student has with a teacher can be a very powerful force and can aid in coping with risk factors, such as family dysfunction, poor school adjustment and ...limited neighborhood resources. The data used in this analysis is from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW), which is the first national probability survey of children who have been deemed 'at-risk' due to exposure to the child welfare system through reported maltreatment. The study subsample of 1179 includes all children ages 11--14 in the NSCAW dataset. Due to the complex sampling process utilized by NSCAW, the analyses were conducted using calculated sample weights in SPSS. This weighting allows for results found here to be generalized to the national population of children investigated by child welfare services. This topic intersects both the mental health and education fields. Theoretical approaches applied, after an in depth investigation into the importance of emotion and cognition in learning for children, were attachment and resilience. These perspectives provide the rationale for the importance of the teacher's role in providing protection against risk. Baseline levels of attachment were determined, using a group of variables that represented this construct, and were found to be significantly associated with levels of school engagement and self-efficacy. These outcome variables represent two aspects of resilient behavior that were used to represent a positive ability to cope with risk. The students' relationship with his/her teacher was found to be significantly correlated to the outcomes of school engagement and self-efficacy and also to have a moderating effect on the association between attachment, self-efficacy and school engagement. Thus, this study provides further insight into the importance of teachers in the lives of at-risk children.
We present results for several light hadronic quantities (\(f_\pi\), \(f_K\), \(B_K\), \(m_{ud}\), \(m_s\), \(t_0^{1/2}\), \(w_0\)) obtained from simulations of 2+1 flavor domain wall lattice QCD ...with large physical volumes and nearly-physical pion masses at two lattice spacings. We perform a short, O(3)%, extrapolation in pion mass to the physical values by combining our new data in a simultaneous chiral/continuum `global fit' with a number of other ensembles with heavier pion masses. We use the physical values of \(m_\pi\), \(m_K\) and \(m_\Omega\) to determine the two quark masses and the scale - all other quantities are outputs from our simulations. We obtain results with sub-percent statistical errors and negligible chiral and finite-volume systematics for these light hadronic quantities, including: \(f_\pi\) = 130.2(9) MeV; \(f_K\) = 155.5(8) MeV; the average up/down quark mass and strange quark mass in the \(\bar {\rm MS}\) scheme at 3 GeV, 2.997(49) and 81.64(1.17) MeV respectively; and the neutral kaon mixing parameter, \(B_K\), in the RGI scheme, 0.750(15) and the \(\bar{\rm MS}\) scheme at 3 GeV, 0.530(11).
This thesis reports upon synchrotron based luminescence studies of wide band gap semi-conductors and organic thin films. The optical and structural electronic properties of cubic and hexagonal boron ...nitride have been studied using X-ray Excited Optical Luminescence (XEOL) and Optically Detected X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (OD-XAS). UV/visible emission was identified in both h-BN and c-BN with additional exciton related deep UV emission for the former. UV excited luminescence measurements were used to determine the band gap energies of h-BN and c-BN, these were found to be 5.96eV ± 0.04eV and 6.36eV ± 0.03eV respectively. Spatially resolved XEOL and OD-XAS was used to investigate c-BN microcrystals revealing lateral differences in luminescence and local structure. Synchrotron/laser pump probe spectroscopy was applied to investigate defect states in h-BN and c-BN. Subsequent correlation to the XEOL emission was made proving these defects states to be responsible for the lowest energy emission bands in both materials. Angular resolved NEXAFS, photo-luminescence (PL) and OD-XAS was used to characterise spin coated thin organic films of poly(phenylamine). The material was shown to exhibit preferred orientation within the film, but spatially resolved imaging OD-XAS revealed lateral variation in the molecular orientation. Electrospray deposition was developed for the growth of thin organic semiconducting films in ultra high vacuum. PL and OD-XAS studies were carried out on pure and mixed films of tetra sulfonated copper phthalocyanine (tsCuPc) and poly(ethyleneoxide) (PEO). Only the mixed complexes displayed infrared emission resulting from disstacking of the tsCuPc by the PEO within the film.
We have performed fits of the pseudoscalar masses and decay constants, from a variety of RBC-UKQCD domain wall fermion ensembles, to \(SU(2)\) partially quenched chiral perturbation theory at next-to ...leading order (NLO) and next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO). We report values for 9 NLO and 8 linearly independent combinations of NNLO partially quenched low energy constants, which we compare to other lattice and phenomenological determinations. We discuss the size of successive terms in the chiral expansion and use our large set of low energy constants to make predictions for mass splittings due to QCD isospin breaking effects and the S-wave \(\pi \pi\) scattering lengths. We conclude that, for the range of pseudoscalar masses explored in this work, \(115~\mathrm{MeV} \lesssim m_{\rm PS} \lesssim 430~\mathrm{MeV}\), the NNLO \(SU(2)\) expansion is quite robust and can fit lattice data with percent-scale accuracy.
We found that a ZnO film of 2 μm thickness which was laser-deposited at room temperature onto a plain soda lime glass substrate, exhibits notable antibacterial activity against a biofilm of ...Staphylococcus epidermidis when back-illuminated by a UVA light source with a peak emission wavelength of about 365 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the ZnO films before and after the interactions with the biofilm and the ultraviolet light, respectively. The as-deposited film was highly textured with the wurtzite (0002) in-plane orientation (c-axis perpendicular to ZnO surface) and had a surface rms roughness of 49.7 nm. In the as-deposited film, the Zn to O ratio was 1 to 0.95. After the UV and biofilm treatments, the ZnO film surface had become rougher (rms roughness 68.1 nm) and presented uniform micron-sized pitting randomly distributed, while the zinc to oxygen ratio had become 1 to 2.2. In this case, both the UV-visible and Raman spectra pointed to degradation of the structural quality of the material. On the strength of these data, we propose a model for the mediation of the bactericidal activity in which the photogeneration of highly oxidizing species and the presence of active surface defect sites both play an important role. This study is of particular interest for the acute problem of disinfection of pathogenic biofilms which form on medical device/implant surfaces.
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