Adolescents have a higher incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) than persons of older age groups. The WHO emphasises the need to adopt specific and comprehensive prevention programmes ...aimed at this age group. The objective of this work was to analyse the prevalence of HIV/STIs among adolescents and to identify the sociodemographic, clinical and behavioural markers associated with these infections, in order to promote specific preventive strategies.
Retrospective descriptive study of adolescents, aged 10-19 years, who were attended to for the first consultation between 2016 and 2018 in a reference STI clinic in Madrid. All adolescents were given a structured epidemiological questionnaire where information on sociodemographic, clinical and behavioural characteristics was collected. They were screened for human inmmunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The processing and analysis of the data was done using the STATA 15.0 statistical package.
The frequency of HIV/STIs detected among all adolescents was: gonorrhoea 21.7%, chlamydia 17.1%, syphilis 4.8% and HIV 2.4%. After conducting a multivariate analysis, the independent and statistically significant variables related to the presence of an STI were having first sexual relations at a young age and having a history of STIs. Latin American origin was just below the level of statistical significance (p = 0.066).
Adolescents who begin sexual relations at an early age or those who have a history of HIV/STIs are at higher risk of acquiring STIs. Comprehensive prevention programmes aimed specifically at adolescents should be implemented, especially before the age of 13 years.
A 54-year-old man consulted for low back pain of 5 weeks of evolution, refractory to regular analgesics, and significant weight loss. The PET-CT revealed a retroperitoneal mass in contact with the ...anterior wall of the abdominal aorta. After consulting with the Endoscopy Unit, an endoscopic ultrasound-guided FNAP was performed due to the accessibility of the lesion and the less invasive nature of these procedures. The anatomopathological result was angiosarcoma of the aorta.
Serological test for primary syphilis could be negative the first 5-15 days. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of including dark field microscopy (DFM) in the diagnosis algorythm for ...primary syphilis.
Patients attended to a sexual transmission diseases clinic of Madrid, from 2015 to 2019, for a genital ulcer with clinical suspicion of primary syphilis. They were tested for DMF and serological test (EIA/TPPA/RPR).
Over the total amount of samples (806), 53.2% (429) were positive for DFM. Thus, the 48% of the 429 patients had negative serological test (EIA/RPR) of which the 77.6% were positive at TPPA.
DFM allows primary syphilis early diagnosis, even without serological test. If no direct detection methods are available, for patients without history of syphilis, TPPA could help to diagnose primary syphilis.
Serological test for primary syphilis could be negative the first 5–15 days. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of including dark field microscopy (DFM) in the diagnosis algorythm for ...primary syphilis.
Patients attended to a sexual transmission diseases clinic of Madrid, from 2015 to 2019, for a genital ulcer with clinical suspicion of primary syphilis. They were tested for DMF and serological test (EIA/TPPA/RPR).
Over the total amount of samples (806), 53.2% (429) were positive for DFM. Thus, the 48% of the 429 patients had negative serological test (EIA/RPR) of which the 77.6% were positive at TPPA.
DFM allows primary syphilis early diagnosis, even without serological test. If no direct detection methods are available, for patients without history of syphilis, TPPA could help to diagnose primary syphilis.
La serología luética en la sífilis primaria puede ser negativa los primeros 5–15 días. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los beneficios de incluir la microscopia de campo oscuro (MCO) en el algoritmo diagnóstico de la sífilis primaria.
Se incluyó a todos los pacientes que acudieron a una clínica de infecciones de transmisión sexual de la Comunidad de Madrid entre 2015 y 2019 que presentaban una úlcera genital sospechosa de sífilis primaria. Se les realizó MCO y serología (EIA/TPPA/RPR).
De las 806 muestras, el 53,2% (429) fueron positivas para MCO. De los 429, el 48% presentaba screening serológico negativo (EIA/RPR) y de ellos en el 77,6% el TPPA fue positivo.
La MCO permite un diagnóstico de sífilis primaria precoz, incluso sin confirmación serológica. Si no se dispone de técnicas directas, en primoinfección, la TPPA es de gran ayuda en el diagnóstico.
Serological test for primary syphilis could be negative the first 5-15 days. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of including dark field microscopy (DFM) in the diagnosis algorythm for ...primary syphilis.
Patients attended to a sexual transmission diseases clinic of Madrid, from 2015 to 2019, for a genital ulcer with clinical suspicion of primary syphilis. They were tested for DMF and serological test (EIA/TPPA/RPR).
Over the total amount of samples (806), 53.2% (429) were positive for DFM. Thus, the 48% of the 429 patients had negative serological test (EIA/RPR) of which the 77.6% were positive at TPPA.
DFM allows primary syphilis early diagnosis, even without serological test. If no direct detection methods are available, for patients without history of syphilis, TPPA could help to diagnose primary syphilis.
INTRODUCTIONSerological test for primary syphilis could be negative the first 5-15 days. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of including dark field microscopy (DFM) in the diagnosis ...algorythm for primary syphilis. MATERIALS/METHODSPatients attended to a sexual transmission diseases clinic of Madrid, from 2015 to 2019, for a genital ulcer with clinical suspicion of primary syphilis. They were tested for DMF and serological test (EIA/TPPA/RPR). RESULTSOver the total amount of samples (806), 53.2% (429) were positive for DFM. Thus, the 48% of the 429 patients had negative serological test (EIA/RPR) of which the 77.6% were positive at TPPA. CONCLUSIONSDFM allows primary syphilis early diagnosis, even without serological test. If no direct detection methods are available, for patients without history of syphilis, TPPA could help to diagnose primary syphilis.
•Older patients with COVID infection have a similar clinical course than younger subjects.•Males have a greater COVID mortality than females.•Worsening dyspnea and decline renal function during ...admission associate with death.•Treatment with RAAS inhibitors associates with a greater survival.
Older subjects have a higher risk of COVID-19 infection and a greater mortality. However, there is a lack of studies evaluating the characteristics of this infection at advanced age.
We studied 404 patients ≥ 75 years (mean age 85.2 ± 5.3 years, 55 % males), with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection, attended in two hospitals in Madrid (Spain). Patients were followed-up until they were discharged from the hospital or until death.
Symptoms started 2–7 days before admission, and consisted of fever (64 %), cough (59 %), and dyspnea (57 %). A total of 145 patients (35.9 %) died a median of 9 days after hospitalization. In logistic regression analysis, predictive factors of death were age (OR 1.086; 1.015–1.161 per year, p = 0.016), heart rate (1.040; 1.018–1.061 per beat, p < 0.0001), a decline in renal function during hospitalization (OR 7.270; 2.586–20.441, p < 0.0001) and worsening dyspnea during hospitalization (OR 73.616; 30.642–176.857, p < 0.0001). Factors predicting survival were a female sex (OR 0.271; 0.128–0.575, p = 0.001), previous treatment with RAAS inhibitors (OR 0.459; 0.222–0.949, p = 0.036), a higher oxygen saturation at admission (OR 0.901; 0.842–0.963 per percentage point increase, p = 0.002), and a greater platelet count (OR 0.995; 0.991–0.999 per 106/L, p = 0.025).
Elderly patients with COVID-19 infection have a similar clinical course to younger individuals. Previous treatment with RAAS inhibitors, and demographic, clinical and laboratory data influence prognosis.
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