Textile‐based electronic techniques that can in real‐time and noncontact detect the respiration rate and respiratory arrest are highly desired for human health monitoring. Yarn‐shaped humidity sensor ...is fabricated based on a sensitive fiber with relatively high specific surface area and abnormal cross‐section. The response and recovery time of the yarn‐shaped humidity sensor is only 3.5 and 4 s, respectively, with little hysteresis, because of the hydrophobic property of these functional fibers and the grooves on the surface of the fibers, which is much faster than those of the commercial polyimide materials. Moreover, a battery‐free LC wireless testing system combined with the yarn‐shaped sensor is fabricated, which is further successfully imbedded into the intelligent mask to detect human breath. Based on the detection of LC wireless testing system, the frequency of 50.25 MHz under the exhaled condition shifts to 50.86 MHz under the inhaled situation of humidity sensor. In essence, the functional yarns with proper structure, would be an excellent candidature to the yarn‐shaped humidity sensor, in which there are good performance and wide application possibilities, eventually offering a facile method for the wireless detection of human physiological signals in the field of electronic fabrics.
A yarn‐shaped humidity sensor is fabricated using sensitive fibers with a relatively high surface area and specific cross‐section. It exhibits an extraordinary humidity sensitivity performance with little hysteresis. A full‐textile wireless and battery‐free humidity sensitive system is then successfully developed for the detection of human physiological signals, i.e., the respiration rate and respiratory arrest.
Biological nanochannels control the movements of different ions through cell membranes depending on not only those channels' static inherent configurations, structures, inner surface's ...physicochemical properties but also their dynamic shape changes, which are required in various essential functions of life processes. Inspired by ion channels, many artificial nanochannel‐based membranes for nanofluidics and biosensing applications have been developed to regulate ionic transport behaviors by using the functional molecular modifications at the inner surface of nanochannel to achieve a stimuli‐responsive layer. Here, the concept of a dynamic nanochannel system is further developed, which is a new way to regulate ion transport in nanochannels by using the dynamic change in the curvature of channels to adjust ionic rectification in real time. The dynamic curvature nanochannel‐based membrane displays the advanced features of the anomalous effect of voltage, concentration, and ionic size for applying simultaneous control over the curvature‐tunable asymmetric and reversible ionic rectification switching properties. This dynamic approach can be used to build smart nanochannel‐based systems, which have strong implications for flexible nanofluidics, ionic rectifiers, and power generators.
Dynamic shape changes in biological nanochannels play a vital role in the implementation of various significant functions in life processes. In this work, the concept of a dynamic nanochannel system is developed, which is a new way to regulate ion transport in nanochannels by using the dynamic change of the curvature of channels to adjust ionic rectification in real time.
Dynamic shape changes in biological nanochannels play a vital role in the implementation of various significant functions in life processes. In article number 1805130, Xu Hou and co‐workers develop ...the concept of a dynamic nanochannel system, which represents a new way to regulate ion transport in nanochannels by using the dynamic change of the curvature of carbon‐nanotube channels to adjust the ion‐transport behavior in real time.
Abstract
Objective
Contribution of individual and combined inflammatory markers in prognosis after stroke was still undefined. We aimed to investigate the association of systemic and local vascular ...inflammatory markers and recurrent stroke as well as impact on poor functional outcome.
Methods
In this pre-specified substudy of the Third China National Stroke Registry (CNSR-III), 10,472 consecutive acute ischemic stroke or TIA patients with available centralized-measured levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A
2
mass (Lp-PLA
2
) and activity (Lp-PLA
2
-A), and YKL-40 from 171 sites were enrolled. The primary outcomes consisted of stroke recurrence and poor functional outcome defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 2–6 within 1 year.
Results
There were 1026 (9.8%) and 2395 (23.4%) patients with recurrent stroke and poor functional outcome within 1 year. The highest quartiles of IL-6 (adjusted HR, 1.36; 95% CI 1.13–1.64;
P
= 0.001), hsCRP (adjusted HR, 1.41; 95% CI 1.17–1.69;
P
= 0.0003) and YKL-40 (adjusted HR, 1.28; 95% CI 1.06–1.56;
P
= 0.01) were associated with increased risk of recurrent stroke; and the highest quartiles of IL-6 (adjusted OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.64–2.27;
P
< 0.0001), IL-1Ra (adjusted OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.37–1.87;
P
< 0.0001), hsCRP (adjusted OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.37–1.86;
P
< 0.0001) and YKL-40 (adjusted OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.03–1.42;
P
= 0.02) were correlated with increased risk of poor functional outcome. In the multivariate stepwise regression analysis including all markers with backward selection, elevated levels of IL-6 or YKL-40 were associated with recurrent stroke (IL6: OR, 1.34; 95% CI 1.19–1.52;
P
< 0.0001; YKL-40: OR, 1.01; 95% CI 1.01–1.03;
P
= 0.004) and poor functional outcome (IL6: OR, 1.68; 95% CI 1.46–1.93;
P
< 0.0001; YKL-40: OR, 1.02; 95% CI 1.01–1.03;
P
= 0.0001). Adding IL-6 and YKL-40 significantly increased the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the prediction models of Essen Stroke Risk Score (0.03,
P
< 0.0001) and Totaled Health Risks in Vascular Events Score (0.07,
P
< 0.0001), and yielded continuous net reclassification improvement (19.0%,
P
< 0.0001; 33.0,
P
< 0.0001).
Conclusions
In the patients with ischemic stroke or TIA, IL-6 and YKL-40 were independently associated with recurrent stroke and poor functional outcome, and improved risk classification of clinical risk algorithms.
During liver fibrosis, quiescent HSCs (qHSCs) are activated to become activated HSCs (aHSCs)/myofibroblasts. The signal adapter MyD88, an essential component of TLR signaling, plays an important role ...in liver fibrosis. However, far less is known about the specific effects of MyD88 signaling in both qHSCs and aHSCs in the progress of liver fibrosis. Here, we used a CCl
-induced mouse fibrosis model in which MyD88 was selectively depleted in qHSCs (GFAP
mice) or aHSCs (α-SMA
mice). MyD88 deficiency in qHSCs or aHSCs attenuated liver fibrosis in mice and inhibited α-SMA-positive cell activation. Inhibition of MyD88 in HSCs decreased α-SMA and collagen I levels, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory gene expression. Furthermore, MyD88 signaling in HSCs increased the secretion of CXCL10, which promoted macrophage M1 polarization through CXCR3, leading to activation of the JAK/STAT1 pathway. Inhibition of CXCL10 attenuated macrophage M1 polarization and reduced liver fibrosis. Thus, MyD88 signaling in HSCs crucially contributes to liver fibrosis and provides a promising therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis.
Abstract
The dynamic mechanical properties of waste glass powder concrete are studied, and the dynamic compressive strength, peak strain, stress-strain curve and dynamic enhancement factor change ...with strain rate and waste glass powder content are analyzed. Based on the HJC model of concrete, the SHPB test was simulated by ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. With the increase of impact pressure, the phenomenon from block spalling to aggregate crushing appears. When the impact velocity is low, several radial through cracks appear in the test block, and the test block is separated into several blocks with larger volume. With the increase of impact velocity, multiple cracks develop simultaneously.
In this study, we isolated and identified a thermophilic strain of Aspergillus fumigatus from the “Daqu” samples. Transcriptomic analysis of A. fumigatus identified 239 carbohydrate-active enzymes ...(CAZy)-encoding genes, including 167 glycoside hydrolase (GH)-encoding genes, 58 glycosyltransferase (GT)-encoding genes, 2 polysaccharide lyase (PLs)-encoding genes and 12 carbohydrate esterase (CEs)-encoding genes, which indicates that the strain has a strong potential for application for enzyme production. Furthermore, we also identified a novel endoglucanase gene (AfCel5A), which was expressed in Pichia pastoris and characterized. The novel endoglucanase AfCel5A exhibited the highest hydrolytic activity against CMC-Na and the optimal activity at 80 °C and pH 4.0 and also showed good stability at pH 3.0–11.0 and below 70 °C. The Km and Vmax values of AfCel5 were 0.16 ± 0.05 mg·mL−1 and 7.23 ± 0.33 mol mg−1·min−1, respectively, using CMC-Na as a substrate. Further, the endoglucanase exhibited a high tolerance toward NaCl as well as glucose. In addition, the finding that the endoglucanase AfCel5A in combination with β-mannanse (ManBK) clearly increased the release of total reducing sugars of glucomannan by up to 74% is significant.
Licorice (Gan-Cao, licorice) is a natural antioxidant and roasted licorice is the most common processing specification used in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. Traditional Chinese medicine ...theory deems that the honey-roasting process can promote the efficacy of licorice, including tonifying the spleen and augmenting "Qi" (energy). The antioxidant activity and mechanisms underlying roasted licorice have not yet been reported. In this study, we found that roasted licorice could relieve the oxidative stress injury induced by metronidazole (MTZ) and could restrain the production of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) in a zebrafish model. It was further found that roasted licorice could exert its oxidative activity by upregulating the expression of key genes such as heme oxygenase 1 (
), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (
), glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (
), and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (
) in the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, consistent results were obtained showing that rat serum containing roasted licorice was estimated to reduce cell apoptosis induced by H
O
. Then, the UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS analysis results elucidated the chemical composition of rat plasma containing roasted licorice extracts, including ten prototype chemical components and five metabolic components. Among them, six compounds were found to have binding activity with Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), which plays a crucial role in the transcriptional activity of NRF2, using a molecular docking simulation. The results also showed that liquiritigenin had the strongest binding ability with KEAP1. Immunofluorescence further confirmed that liquiritigenin could induce the nuclear translocation of NRF2. In summary, this study provides a better understanding of the antioxidant effect and mechanisms of roasted licorice, and lays a theoretical foundation for the development of a potential antioxidant for use in clinical practice.
Chondrosarcoma(CS), a prevalent primary malignant bone tumor, frequently exhibits chemotherapy resistance attributed to upregulated anti‐apoptosis pathways such as the Bcl‐2 family. In this ...manuscript, a new strategy is presented to augment chemosensitivity and mitigate systemic toxicity by harnessing a nano‐enabled drug delivery hydrogel platform. The platform utilizes “PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA”, an amphiphilic triblock copolymer combining hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) and hydrophobic polylactide glycolide (PLGA) blocks, renowned for its properties conducive to crafting a biodegradable, temperature‐sensitive hydrogel. This platform is tailored to encapsulate a ratiometrically designed dual‐loaded liposomes containing a first‐line chemo option for CS, Doxorubicin (Dox), plus a calculated amount of small molecule inhibitor for anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 pathway, ABT‐737. In vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrate successful Bcl‐2 suppression, resulting in the restoration of Dox sensitivity, evident through impeded tumor growth and amplified necrosis rates at the tumor site. This delivery system showcases remarkable thermal responsiveness, injectability, and biodegradability, all finely aligned with the clinical demands of CS treatment. Collectively, this study introduces a transformative avenue for tackling drug resistance in CS chemotherapy, offering significant clinical potential.
A radiometric nanocomposite hydrogel capable of co‐delivering Doxorubicin and the Bcl‐2 inhibitor ABT‐737 is engineered, employing an optimized drug ratio of 5:1 (w/w) suitable for both in vitro and in vivo applications. The findings reveals a synergistic tumor inhibition effect with the co‐delivery hydrogel. This innovative approach presents a transformative strategy for addressing drug resistance in chondrosarcoma chemotherapy, holding substantial promise for clinical applications.
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