The research is aimed at the development of original methods of obtaining new information for the study of surface waves in marine conditions. The paper discusses a method for measuring the ...short-wave part of the wave spectrum (wavelengths in the range from about 50 cm to 2 cm in 6 intervals) in marine conditions. The information obtained will make it possible to study the interaction of wind with the short-wave component of the wave spectrum and will be in demand by scientists engaged in numerical modeling of the global wave climate and interested in refining the model of the interaction of the surface wind with waves. In addition, this will improve the accuracy of retrieving the surface wind speed from remote sensing data. In this paper, a theoretical study of the algorithm for retrieving the slope variance from the shape of the reflected pulse is carried out. The multifrequency underwater acoustic wave gauge will measure the slope variance at the selected surface wave frequency intervals, which will allow us to consider their correlation with the wind speed. A new approach to retrieving the height spectrum of the short-wave part has been developed, using measurements in several frequency intervals.
Considering a steel type based on the behavior pattern of an alloy’s basic mechanical characteristics, a correlation has been found between the following: the characteristics of the ultimate fracture ...toughness of structural steels at the critical embrittlement onset temperature
T
b
in the compound stress state
B
rNFb
and
B
rC
0
b
and the fracture toughness in the uniaxial stress state
B
rb
through parameters that reflect the metal state in the loading elastic–plastic range. A method for the rational selection of structural steels for products that operate under the action of nonuniform force fields of different strengths has been developed.
The basic principles of development of metrological assurance of quality control of products on the basis of two-phase hydrocarbon systems (stable and unstable gas condensates) are considered.
Graphic tools of spectral data representation provided by operating information systems on atomic spectroscopy—ASD NIST, VAMDC, SPECTR-W3, and Electronic Structure of Atoms—for the support of ...scientific-research and human-resource development are presented. Such tools of visual representation of scientific data as those of the spectrogram and Grotrian diagram plotting are considered. The possibility of comparative analysis of the experimentally obtained spectra and reference spectra of atomic systems formed according to the database of a resource is described. The access techniques to the mentioned graphic tools are presented.
To analyse the epidemiological trends of tuberculosis in the Siberian and Far Eastern federal districts, the areas with the highest disease burden in the Russian Federation.
We applied principal ...coordinate analysis to study a total of 68 relevant variables on tuberculosis epidemiology, prevention and control. Data on these variables were collected over 2003-2016 in all 21 regions of the Siberian federal district and Far Eastern federal district (total population: 25.5 million) through the federal and departmental reporting system. We identified the regions with a favourable or unfavourable tuberculosis epidemiological profile and ranked them as low or high priority for specific interventions.
The median number of tuberculosis notifications in the regions was 123.3 per 100 000 population (range: 54.5-265.7) in 2003, decreasing to 82.3 per 100 000 (range: 52.9-178.3) in 2016. We found large variations in the tuberculosis epidemiological profile across different regions. The principal coordinate analysis revealed that three aggregated indicators accounted for 55% of the variation. The first coordinate corresponded to tuberculosis prevalence and case notifications in the regions; the second to the severity of the disease among patients; and the third to the percentage of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among tuberculosis patients. The regions where intervention was most urgently needed were Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Jewish Autonomous Oblast and Tyva Republic.
The variability in tuberculosis epidemiology across regions was likely due to differences in the quality of antituberculosis services. Precision in defining necessary interventions, as determined through the principal coordinate analysis approach, can guide focused tuberculosis control efforts.
Adiponectin is encoded by the
gene and participates in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The goal of the study was to assess associations of rs17300539, rs266729, rs182052, ...rs2241766, and rs17366743 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the
gene with concentrations of serum adiponectin and with coronary atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus in 447 patients (316 men and 131 women) subjected to coronary angiography. SNPs of the
gene of the study participants were genotyped using real-time PCR. Multivariate linear regression adjusted for covariates revealed significant association between rs182052 SNP and serum adiponectin concentration (β= -0.11; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): -0.19, -0.03;
= 0.016). Regression analysis revealed an increase in prevalence of unstable angina (OR (odds ratio) = 2.55; 95%CI 1.4-4.82; p = 0.018) and coronary artery disease (OR = 1.55; 95%CI 1.15-2.09; p = 0.021) per copy of the rs182052 A allele. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was higher in subjects with the rs182052 A allele (OR = 2.29; 95%CI 1.29-4.21;
= 0.024). Regression analysis of rs266729 showed that prevalence of unstable angina was increased (OR = 3.59; 95%CI 1.17-10.01;
= 0.045) in the subjects with the GG genotype and prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) was significantly increased (OR = 1.48; 95%CI 1.09-2.03;
= 0.045) per copy of the G allele. Haplotype analysis revealed that the subjects with the GCATT haplotype have lower adiponectin levels (β= -0.15;
= 0.042) and higher prevalence of unstable angina (OR = 3.597;
= 0.007) compared with reference haplotype carriers. Thus, the results indicate that minor A allele of rs182052 of the
gene is significantly associated with a decrease in serum adiponectin levels, and two SNPs (rs182052 and rs266729) of the
gene are significantly associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
A large scale survey of diseased legume plants (mainly clover and alfalfa in the
Fabaceae
family) was conducted from 2009 to 2013 in four Economic Regions of Russia, Northern (Arkhangelsk and Vologda ...oblast), Central (Moscow oblast), Volga (Samara oblast) and West Siberian (Novosibirsk oblast). The majority of infected clover plants exhibited symptoms typical of clover phyllody (CPh), clover yellow edge (CYE), or clover proliferation (CP), and infected alfalfa plants exhibited symptoms typical of alfalfa witches’-broom (AWB). Of 161 symptomatic plants from 22 different legume species, 103 tested positive for phytoplasma infection. Phytoplasmas belonging to four groups and six subgroups were detected, of which 31.1% were group 16SrI, with the majority belonging to subgroup 16SrI-C- (causal agent of CPh disease), two belonging to 16SrI-B and two group 16SrI phytoplasmas not identified to the subgroup level;47.6% were group 16SrIII, with the majority belonging to subgroup 16SrIII-B or 16SrIII-B variant (causal agent of CYE disease), and one strain belonging to16SrIII-F; 8.7% were subgroup 16SrVI-A (causal agent of CP and AWB diseases); 9.7% were subgroup 16SrXII-A (causal agent of AWB disease); and 2.9% were mixed infected with subgroups 16SrIII-B and 16SrI-C. The predominant phytoplasma species detected varied by region. In the Northern and Central Regions, the majority of the phytoplasmas detected belonged to subgroups 16SrI-C and 16SrIII-B. In the West Siberian and the Volga Regions, the phytoplasmas predominately detected belonged to subgroups 16SrVI-A and 16SrXII-A, respectively. Subgroup 16SrIII-F was detected in a single plant in the West Siberian Region and a mixed infection of 16SrIII-B and 16SrI-C was detected in three plants, one in the Northern Region and two in the Central Region. Eleven species of insects of the order Hemiptera, suborder Auchenorrhyncha, were collected from leguminous plants in the Moscow oblast of the Central Region.
Euscelis incisus
and
Aphrodes bicinctus
were the most prevalent species and may be potential phytoplasma vectors in the Central Region.
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•The molar heat capacities of G2 and G4 siloxane dendrimers.•The low-temperature structural anomaly and the glass transition of dendrimers.•The standard thermodynamic functions of G2 ...and G4 siloxane dendrimers.•The “thermodynamic property vs. molecular mass” dependences for dendrimers.
In this work, we report results of the calorimetric study of the second (G2OSi(CH3)312) and fourth (G4OSi(CH3)348) generation siloxane dendrimers with trimethylsilyl terminal groups. The heat capacities of dendrimers were precisely measured in the temperature range T = (5–520) K using a fully automated adiabatic calorimeter and a heat-flux differential scanning calorimeter. In the above temperature interval, the physical transformations of the studied compounds were detected, and its thermodynamic characteristics were determined. The fundamental thermodynamic functions (the enthalpy H°(T) − H°(0), the entropy S°(T) − S°(0), the Gibbs energy G°(T) − H°(0)) of dendrimers were calculated over the range from T → 0 to 520 K using the experimentally determined heat capacities of the investigated compounds. The standard entropies of formation of dendrimers G2OSi(CH3)312 and G4OSi(CH3)348 were evaluated at T = 298.15 K. The obtained thermodynamic data of the investigated dendrimers were compared with those of the studied earlier siloxane dendrimers G1OSi(CH3)36 and G3OSi(CH3)324, which represent the structurally related homologous series of organosilicon dendrimers. As a result, the dependences between thermodynamic properties of the studied siloxane dendrimers and their molecular mass were established.
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