Background: There is a relationship between oxidative stress and rheumatoid arthritis. Objective: To assess oxidative stress parameters represented by total antioxidant status and malondialdehyde, in ...patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Design: case -control study. Setting: Referred patients from private clinics . Methodology: The study was conducted on patients with rheumatoid arthritis, referred from private clinics of rheumatology. The study period from Nov.1st 2017 and Jun. 1st 2018. Thirty-four female with rheumatoid arthritis, and thirty, sex and age-matched healthy volunteers as control group were participated in the study. Total antioxidants status and malondialdehyde were measured in both groups. Results: Rheumatoid Arthritis patients have lower total antioxidants status values than that of the control group (0.94±0.24 and 1.95±0.20 respectively) (P value <0.0001). The malondialdehyde values was higher in patients group than control group (1.34±0.42 and 0.88±0.26 respectively) (P value <0.0001). Conclusion: Rheumatoid Arthritis patients have decreased level of total antioxidants status and increased level of malondialdehyde than the control group . Key words: Antioxidant status, Oxidative stress, Rheumatoid Arthritis
•Innovation application of arterial neural network (ANN) on predicting thermal behavior of concrete, steel reinforcement and fiber reinforced polymers exposed to fire.•The predicted and experimental ...results were in good agreement.•This paper presents developed software tool that implements proposed ANN for parametric study and designing purposes.•Unique parametric studies have been carried out on reinforced concrete columns through the proposed ANN.
This paper presents a novel application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for predicting complete temperature profiles with varying time for circular reinforced concrete (RC) columns exposed to fire. The application is valid for un-strengthened columns or columns strengthened with fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) and isolated with different types and thicknesses of insulation materials under varying fire exposure condition. In addition, prediction of the temperature variation with time for constituent materials of the column such as concrete, reinforcement steel and FRP sheets is conducted. To reach this end, extensive nonlinear finite element analysis was conducted using ANSYS software to build database of 1200 training samples with different column diameters, concrete cover thicknesses, thermal conductivity curves, specific heat curves, insulation types and thicknesses. The prediction results of ANN model is validated against published full-scale experimental studies which reveal good agreement between experimental and predicted results. The novelty of this technique is the ability of ANN model to predict rapidly and efficiently the temperature–time for any part of continent materials of reinforced concrete column many in case scenarios of parameters; this is especially useful in avoiding the time-consuming and costly full-scale experimental fire tests. Moreover, this study encourages designers to use FRP in design applications in spite of the threat of fire conditions, by utilizing ANN as backend calculation provider for software design tool with graphical user interface presented in this paper.
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of 2 artificial intelligence (AI) models, Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer-3.5 (ChatGPT-3.5; OpenAI, San Francisco, Calif) and Google ...Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (Google Bard; Bard Experiment, Google, Mountain View, Calif), in terms of response accuracy, completeness, generation time, and response length when answering general orthodontic questions.
A team of orthodontic specialists developed a set of 100 questions in 10 orthodontic domains. One author submitted the questions to both ChatGPT and Google Bard. The AI-generated responses from both models were randomly assigned into 2 forms and sent to 5 blinded and independent assessors. The quality of AI-generated responses was evaluated using a newly developed tool for accuracy of information and completeness. In addition, response generation time and length were recorded.
The accuracy and completeness of responses were high in both AI models. The median accuracy score was 9 (interquartile range IQR: 8-9) for ChatGPT and 8 (IQR: 8-9) for Google Bard (Median difference: 1; P <0.001). The median completeness score was similar in both models, with 8 (IQR: 8-9) for ChatGPT and 8 (IQR: 7-9) for Google Bard. The odds of accuracy and completeness were higher by 31% and 23% in ChatGPT than in Google Bard. Google Bard’s response generation time was significantly shorter than that of ChatGPT by 10.4 second/question. However, both models were similar in terms of response length generation.
Both ChatGPT and Google Bard generated responses were rated with a high level of accuracy and completeness to the posed general orthodontic questions. However, acquiring answers was generally faster using the Google Bard model.
•ChatGPT and Google Bard models generated responses with a high level of accuracy and completeness.•ChatGPT and Google Bard models demonstrated relative consistency in their performance.•Response generation was faster with Google Bard.•ChatGPT and Google Bard models were similar in terms of response length generation.•A newly developed accuracy of information index was used in this study.
Esrrb (oestrogen-related receptor beta) is a transcription factor implicated in embryonic stem (ES) cell self-renewal, yet its knockout causes intrauterine lethality due to defects in trophoblast ...development. Here we show that in trophoblast stem (TS) cells, Esrrb is a downstream target of fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) signalling and is critical to drive TS cell self-renewal. In contrast to its occupancy of pluripotency-associated loci in ES cells, Esrrb sustains the stemness of TS cells by direct binding and regulation of TS cell-specific transcription factors including Elf5 and Eomes. To elucidate the mechanisms whereby Esrrb controls the expression of its targets, we characterized its TS cell-specific interactome using mass spectrometry. Unlike in ES cells, Esrrb interacts in TS cells with the histone demethylase Lsd1 and with the RNA Polymerase II-associated Integrator complex. Our findings provide new insights into both the general and context-dependent wiring of transcription factor networks in stem cells by master transcription factors.
Background: Enhancing the optical characteristics of nano-silicon carbide and polyvinyl alcohol films is thought to be crucial for obtaining the semiconductor with the lowest energy gap for ...applications in electrical devices, digital displays, and sensors.
Materials and Methods: Poly vinyl alcohol and silicon carbide's optical properties were examined. A pulsed laser with a 532 nm wavelength is used to create these nanoparticles into widespread nanoparticles in two environments (water and vinyl alcohol). Polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite was created by spin coating silicon carbide particles with the weight fractions 0.90%, 0.91%, 0.93%, and 0.95%. Fourier spectroscopy was used to locate the functional groups based. Techniques FESEM were used to analyze the surface composition and nanoparticle dispersion on the membrane-surface of the nanocomposite. using spectroscopy UV-Vis used to record the absorbance spectrum in the range of (200-800) nm for ultraviolet radiation.
Results: The direct energy gap (5.585, 5.310, 5.480, 4.986, 4.800) eV and the indirect (5.006, 4.880, 4.916, 4.683, 4.490) eV and Urbach energy (2.38, 2.45, 2.94, 2.74, 3.67) eV were calculated.for the samples by ratio, as shown in Table No. 1.
Conclusion: By investigating the optical characteristics of nanoparticles, such as their extinction and absorption coefficients, direct and indirect optical energy gaps, and Urbach energies .increase in extinction and absorption coefficients Urbach energy when adding nano carbide to polyvinyl alcohol, results show narrowing of the direct and indirect energy gaps. This suggests that the nanocomposite's optical characteristics have improved.
Abstract
Background
Biliary complications continue to be a challenging territory in living donor liver transplantation that could lead eventually to graft loss and increased mortality. Despite the ...continuous evolution of biliary reconstruction techniques, there is no single full proof method that could possibly ensure the best biliary reconstruction.
Aim of work
In this study we compare the results of our combined modified technique of biliary reconstruction to the results of the conventional techniques in terms of improving biliary complications particularly biliary leaks and strictures.
Methods
This study was conducted on two equal groups of patients (recipients), 52 each, one of them received the conventional technique and the other received the modified technique.
Results
Our results have shown that the modified technique dropped the biliary complications from 36.5 to 9.6%, bile leaks dropped from 9.6% to 3.8%, and strictures dropped from 30.8% to 7.7%.
Conclusion
HPGS approach in the donor surgery together with en bloc hilar dissection and the eversion technique in the recipient surgery improve postoperative biliary complications.
Summary
Background
Reminders are implemented in healthcare services to increase compliance with treatment and to decrease the rate of failed appointments. Their effects in the provision of ...orthodontic care are not yet fully understood.
Objectives
The main objectives of this review were to assess the effectiveness of reminder systems in improving oral hygiene (OH) and adherence to appointments in orthodontic patients.
Search methods
An unrestricted search was conducted in six electronic databases and was supplemented by an extensive manual search up to January 2018.
Selection criteria
Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of reminders in orthodontics were included.
Data collection and analysis
Two authors were independently involved in study selection, data extraction, and bias assessment. A random-effects model with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was generated for comparable outcomes. Periodontal parameters were evaluated in the short term (1–3 months) and in the long term (>3 months). Cochrane risk of bias tool was utilized for bias assessment and the quality of the resultant evidence was graded. Additional subgroup and sensitivity analyses were implemented.
Results
Fourteen RCTs involving 2078 participants met the inclusion criteria; five studies were excluded from the quantitative synthesis due to high risk of bias. Small but statistically significant standardized mean differences in the plaque index scores were recorded favoring patients receiving reminders in the short-term (−0.38; 95% CI: −0.65 to −0.10) and in the long-term (−1.51; 95% CI: −2.72 to −0.30). Patients receiving reminders were less likely to miss their appointments with a relative risk of (0.39; 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.70) and less likely to develop white spot lesions (0.45; 95% CI: 0.31 to 0.65).
Conclusions
There is moderate-to-high quality of evidence that reminders have a positive effect on OH and adherence to appointments in orthodontic patients. These effects were demonstrated in the short- and long-term. Future high-quality RCTs should be designed with longer follow-up periods.
Registration
PROSPERO (CRD42017084479).
Conflict of interest
None.
The regulation of p53 activity through the MDM2 negative feedback loop is driven in part by an extrinsic ATM-pulse that maintains p53 oscillations in response to DNA damage. We report here that the ...p53 pathway has evolved an intrinsic positive feedback loop that is maintained by the p53-inducible gene product p21WAF1. p21-null cancer cells have defects in p53 protein turnover, reductions in MDM2-mediated degradation of p53, and reduced DNA damage-induced ubiquitination of p53. TLR3-IRF1 or ATM-dependent signaling to p53 is defective in p21-null cells and complementation of the p21 gene in p21-null cancer cells restores the p53 transcriptional response. The mechanism of p53 inactivity in p21-null cells is linked to a p53 protein equilibrium shift from chromatin into cytosolic fractions and complementation of the p21 gene into p21-null cells restores the nuclear localization of p53. A loss of p53 transcriptional function in murine B-cells heterozygous or homozygous null for p21 highlights a p21-gene dosage effect that maintains the full p53 transcriptional response. ATM inhibition results in nuclear exclusion of p53 highlighting a positive genetic interaction between ATM and p21. P21 protein oscillates in undamaged proliferating cells, and reductions of p21 protein using siRNA eliminate the DNA damage-induced p53 pulse. The p53 transcription program has evolved a negative feedback loop maintained by MDM2 that is counteracted by a positive feedback loop maintained by ATM-p21 the balance of which controls the specific activity of p53 as a transcription factor.
PDF
