The modern tourism industry is a complex diversified education with a developed structure, formed using the uniqueness of tourist complexes and applied technologies, determined by the specific ...organizational and legal, socio-economic conditions, as well as the resource base. The main component of the tourism industry are the collective means of tourist accommodation, they are the ones who make the main contribution to the final economic result of the entire industry.
The viscoelastic properties and structure of solutions of mixed wormlike micelles based on a zwitterionic surfactant, oleylamidopropyldimethylcarboxybetaine (OAPB), and positively charged ...oleylamidopropyldimethylamine (OAPA) have been studied at different ratios between the components. At a small fraction of the cationic surfactant, OAPA, the solution exhibits viscoelastic properties characteristic of semidiluted solutions of entangled wormlike micelles, the presence of which has been confirmed by cryogenic electron microscopy data. It has been found that, as the molar fraction of the charged surfactant increases to 0.1, the viscosity and relaxation time of the solutions decrease by a factor of three, and the values of the storage modulus remain unchanged at short stress action times. The studied surfactants have a similar structure; therefore, when replacing zwitterionic OAPB molecules by positively charged OAPA molecules, the main factor of variations in the properties and structure is the enhancement of the electrostatic repulsion on the micelle surface. It has been shown that this factor leads to a decrease in the average length of micelles and an increase in their number, which have a weak effect on the rheological properties of the system as long as the length of the micelles is larger than the length of the subchains in the network. With an increase in the molar fraction of OAPA from 0.1 to 0.5, the viscosity and relaxation time drop drastically by several orders of magnitude and the viscoelastic response of the solution is lost; i.e., the network is destroyed. This transition from a semidilute solution to a dilute one is explained by a decrease in the length of the wormlike micelles and the formation of spherical ones. Cryogenic electron microscopy images have confirmed the formation of a mixture of long and short wormlike micelles with spherical micelles at an OAPA molar fraction of 0.5.
With the tourism industry active development in Russia in recent decades, there has been a steady increase in the small hotels number. The small hotels have always been a successful competition to ...the large chain hotels abroad. 1, 2 Minimum requirements for investments, the territory and the staff made it possible for small hotels to capture a large segment of the Russian hotel market. 3 The guest services individualization and the maximum concentration on meeting their most diverse needs have become the modern hotels' hallmark. 4 The small hotels formula is: home-guests best meet these requirements. However, most of the small hotels that are being built today are created on individual projects, but without taking into account the designing past years' experience. In addition, a lot of new terms and concepts have appeared in the hotel industry recently, reflecting the global trends in this industry, which are not yet fully reflected in architectural research.
Acousto-optic (AO) interaction in optically biaxial crystals is of great interest due to the variety of phase matching geometries caused by the low symmetry of the acoustic, optical, and photoelastic ...properties. The current state of the research in the field of acousto-optics of biaxial crystals is presented. Some promising biaxial crystals of the orthorhombic and monoclinic systems, which are of practical interest as materials for AO devices, are considered. The unique geometries of isotropic and anisotropic diffraction that exist in only biaxial crystals are analyzed, and the AO devices based on these crystals are briefly reviewed.
•A cascaded acousto-optic deflectors system is proposed.•The interaction is based on high and low frequency wide band interaction in paratellurite.•The scanning range is increased by a factor 2.
A ...new laser scanning system is presented based on two wide-band acousto-optic deflectors. The interaction medium is tellurium dioxide. Anisotropic interactions take place under two different tangential phase matching configurations in such a way that the acousto-optic bandwidths add up. We demonstrate the feasibility of such a cascade deflection system for the wavelength of λ=514nm. The total frequency bandwidth is Δf=100MHz, equally distributed between the two acousto-optic deflectors. The total angular scan at the output is Δθ=4.4° leading to 125 resolvable spots for a 1mm truncated Gaussian beam.
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Small-angle neutron scattering data on aqueous solutions of wormlike micelles of an anionic surfactant of potassium oleate in the presence of low molecular weight salt KCl have been studied for a ...wide range of surfactant concentrations. It is shown that, as the concentration of micelles in the network increases, the scattering intensity decreases because of the structure factor for small scattering vectors. The parameters of the local structure of micelles, which are independent of the surfactant concentration, are determined in the range of medium values of the scattering vectors. The values of the persistence length of wormlike micelles are obtained for small concentrations of potassium oleate. The correct persistence length of the micelles is found upon extrapolating the obtained values to the zero surfactant concentration, where there is no interaction between the micelles.
Hypergraphic automata are automata, state sets and output symbol sets of which are hypergraphs, being invariant under actions of transition and output functions. Universally attracting objects of a ...category of hypergraphic automata are universal hypergraphic automata. The input symbol semigroup of such automaton is an algebra of mappings which is considered as a derivative algebraic system for such automaton. Semigroup properties of the derivative algebraic system are interconnected with properties of the automaton. Thus, we can obtain a lot of information about a universal hypergraphic automaton studying its input symbol semigroups. In this paper, we found an abstract characterization of universal hypergraphic automata and an abstract characterization of input symbol semigroups of such automata. The results of the paper present effective tools for further analysis of the interrelation of algebraic and elementary properties of universal hypergraphic automata and their input symbol semigroups.
In the south of the Russian Far East, a new perspective source of minerals was pioneered, which is the metal-bearing high carbon rocks of the Ruzhinskaya square. The rocks are rich in crystalline ...graphite, gold, platinum and carbon nanostructures (fullerene, nanotubes and diamond-like carbon). The technique of extraction of ultrapure (99.98%) crystalline graphite from these rocks has been developed using hydrometallugical methods. The obtained graphite was used as a raw material for plasma-chemical tests succeeded in the separation of nanodimensional carbon structures, part of which could be inherited from the natural graphite-bearing rocks. The results of investigation will be used in the development of resource-saving technology of minerals extraction.
The interaction of gold-containing rock and titanium-containing mineral raw materials with a mixture of ammonium hydrodifluoride NH
4
HF
2
and ammonium sulfate (NH
4
)
2
SO
4
at temperatures below ...430°C has been studied. A comparative analysis showed that the use of a mixture of NH
4
HF
2
and (NH
4
)
2
SO
4
allows more complete winning of mineral raw materials compared to the use of ammonium hydrodifluoride alone. The mixture of NH
4
HF
2
and (NH
4
)
2
SO
4
is recommended as a new promising reagent for the decomposition of rocks and mineral raw materials for complete extraction of the product into solution during water leaching.
ETALON IMAGES: UNDERSTANDING THE CONVOLUTION NEURAL NETWORKS Molchanov, V. V.; Vishnyakov, B. V.; Gorbatsevich, V. S. ...
International archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences.,
05/2018, Letnik:
XLII-2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In this paper we propose a new technic called etalons, which allows us to interpret the way how convolution network makes its predictions. This mechanism is very similar to voting among different ...experts. Thereby CNN could be interpreted as a variety of experts, but it acts not like a sum or product of them, but rather represent a complicated hierarchy. We implement algorithm for etalon acquisition based on well-known properties of affine maps. We show that neural net has two high-level mechanisms of voting: first, based on attention to input image regions, specific to current input, and second, based on ignoring specific input regions. We also make an assumption that there is a connection between complexity of the underlying data manifold and the number of etalon images and their quality.
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