•The TeO2 anisotropy influences much the acoustic beams structure propagating in it.•Acoustic field structure influence the acousto-optic diffraction characteristics.•The phase shift appear during ...the acoustic beam reflection.
The influence of paratellurite acoustic anisotropy on the quasicollinear acousto-optic diffraction characteristics was examined. In the presented case the quasicollinear geometry of acousto-optic diffraction is realized with the use of acoustic beam reflection from one of the crystal surfaces. The simulations were based on the solution of acoustic beams propagation problem for anisotropic media previously presented in Balakshy and Mantsevich (2012). It is shown that media inhomogeneity affects the distribution of the acoustic energy in the ultrasound beam and the shape of wave fronts. The acoustic beam structure influences the characteristics of quasicollinear acousto-optic diffraction causing transformation of acousto-optic device transmission function shape and reducing the diffraction efficiency.
Turpentine oil, owing to the presence of 7-50 terpenes, has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, anticoagulant, antioxidant, and antitumor properties, which are important ...for medical emulsion preparation. The addition of turpentine oil to squalene emulsions can increase their effectiveness, thereby reducing the concentration of expensive and possibly deficient squalene, and increasing its stability and shelf life. In this study, squalene emulsions were obtained by adding various concentrations of turpentine oil via high-pressure homogenization, and the safety and effectiveness of the obtained emulsions were studied in vitro and in vivo. All emulsions showed high safety profiles, regardless of the concentration of turpentine oil used. However, these emulsions exhibited dose-dependent effects in terms of both efficiency and storage stability, and the squalene emulsion with 1.0% turpentine oil had the most pronounced adjuvant and cytokine-stimulating activity as well as the most pronounced stability indicators when stored at room temperature. Thus, it can be concluded that the squalene emulsion with 1% turpentine oil is a stable, monomodal, and reliably safe ultradispersed emulsion and may have pleiotropic effects with pronounced immunopotentiating properties.
Molecular genetic studies have revealed the involvement of different genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer and malignant lesions of other localizations. It ...is reported that patients with HPV-positive cancer have a better prognosis of the disease and survival than patients with unconfirmed HPV infection or with a low viral load. The objective was to identify the detectability, viral load, genotypes of human papillomavirus in HPV-associated precancerous and malignant neoplasia of various localization and to determine risk factors for their occurrence in the metropolis of St. Petersburg at the present time.
Materials and methods. A total of 80 samples taken from morphologically confirmed tissues of oropharyngeal and anal cancer, malignant tumors of vulva, vagina, cervix and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were studied in St. Petersburg Clinical Oncologic Center. Detection, quantification and genotyping of HPV DNA were carried out by real-time PCR at the St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute.
Results. HPV was detected in 89.7% (61/68) of patients with malignant tumors and 83.3% (10/12) with severe cervical dysplasia. The vast majority (85.9%) of HPV-positive patients were infected with HPV genotype 16; papillomavirus mixed infection (genotypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45) was detected in anal cancer, cancer and severe cervical dysplasia. The average viral load in stages IIIIV of anal cancer, cervical cancer and severe cervical dysplasia exceeded 5.7 lg HPV DNA/105 cells. Among patients with oropharyngeal cancer, men predominated (85.7%); anal cancer was detected in women (90.0%). No statistically significant risk factors (smoking and alcohol consumption) for the occurrence of HPV-associated malignancies were identified.
Conclusions. The detection of HPV, mainly of genotype 16, varied depending on the location of the neoplasia: anal cancer 100%, cancer of the female genitalia 94% (in case of cancer of the vagina and cervix 100.0%), head and neck cancer 76.2%. The highest HPV DNA load in the tumor tissue was found in IIIIV stages of the cervical and anal cancer.
The rheological properties and structure of aqueous solutions of wormlike micelles of a zwitterionic surfactant in the presence of an ultra-small amount of a cosurfactant with a similar structure, ...the charge of which depends on the pH, are studied. It is shown that the transition of the cosurfactant from the cationic form to the uncharged form leads to an increase in the viscosity, relaxation time, and elastic response of solutions by an order of magnitude. The formation of wormlike micelles in the case of charged and uncharged forms of cosurfactants is confirmed by small-angle neutron scattering. It is shown that even a small amount of charged cosurfactant leads to a decrease in the average contour length of wormlike micelles in comparison with a neutral cosurfactant. Thus, pH-sensitive viscoelastic solutions based on a zwitterionic surfactant in the presence of an ultra-small amount of a cosurfactant, the charge of which depends on the pH, are investigated.
The main direction of the Russian demographic policy is to increase the number of large families by stimulating this category of the population with numerous federal supporting programs, including ...those aimed at improving the level of housing provision and comfortable living conditions. The research on certain aspects of housing design for large families was carried out by a number of authors, but a single concept has not yet been formed. This article discusses the development of housing architecture for large families, starting from the Soviet period, the main types of modern buildings of this housing type, the methods of organizing apartments in different urban conditions, as well as the typological features that affect the modern housing architecture formation for large families.
Biocatalytic systems based on glucose oxidase immobilized on the surface of magnetically separable oxides SiO
2
and Al
2
O
3
were studied. Silicon and aluminum oxides acquired magnetic properties due ...to the introduction of magnetic nanoparticles Fe
3
O
4
into their pores. The support surface was modified with reactive amino groups using (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and was activated using glutaraldehyde to achieve covalent bonding of the enzyme to the magnetically separable supports. Glucose oxidase was immobilized on the modified and activated magnetically separable supports. These biocatalytic systems were studied using low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. All the biocatalytic systems were tested in the reaction of oxidation of
d
-glucose to
d
-gluconic acid. The highest relative activity (95%) was demonstrated by the biocatalyst based on glucose oxidase immobilized on the surface of magnetically separable silica.
Foundations of technology for multicomponent recovery of useful components from titanium-bearing placers of the Ariadnenskoe deposit by pyrohydrometallurgical methods were investigated. Ammonium ...sulfate and thiourea–thiocyanate leaching solutions were successfully used to isolate titanium dioxide, gold, and a wide range of associated high-tech metals from the concentrate material. The experience gained in deep processing of gold–ilmenite mineral raw materials will help to more reasonably outline the ways to develop the Far East complex deposits in compliance with the principles of rational nature management and environmental protection.
The article is devoted to preventive measures to eliminate the problem of dysmicroelementosis in order to increase the productivity of young sheep. The article presents the results of studies of the ...influence of feeding rations on the growth and development of young sheep of the Edilbaev breed, on the level of their meat productivity and the qualitative characteristics of biologically fortified lamb. Feed additives based on Yoddar-Zn and DAFS-25 were added to the main ration of lambs at the age of four months, once a day, being added into a fodder mixture with concentrates. For the experiment the herd of lambs was divided to four groups of 25 heads each.The changes in live weight at the age of four, five, six and seven months were analyzed, and it was found that at the age of seven months, the absolute average weight gain in the experimental groups varied from 3.45 kg to 4.49 kg, in the control group it was 3.1 kg, while the largest live weight gain was recorded in group III which received both feed additives based on Yoddar-Zn and DAFS-25.There were no significant differences in the parameters of body measurements, with the exception of group III, where the chest circumference increased by 7.2%, and the height of a lamb at the withers increased in average by 8.1%. It was found that group III had the highest meat density coefficient, equal to 3.9, and the cross-sectional area of m. Longissimus dorsi was equal to 13.61 cm2. It was noted that the amount of free amino acids of the lamb group III is 18.8% higher than the meat of the control group. The lamb obtained from the animals of the experimental groups showed a higher protein content and less fat. The ratio of water to protein in all samples was slightly higher than 3.7, which corresponds to the Federa number for meat raw materials. Enriching the rations of the Edilbaevskoy sheep with feed additives Yoddar-Zn and DAFS-25 promotes the stimulation of growth and development of animals, increases the productivity and nutritional value of lamb.
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