Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de albuminuria en una cohorte compuesta por pacientes atendidos en una red de salud de la seguridad social en Lima y determinar la asociación entre hipertensión ...(HTA) y/o diabetes (DM) y albuminuria. Materiales y métodos: Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo transversal con análisis de datos secundarios de resultados de laboratorio de pacientes tamizados en una red de salud de Lima, durante dos años (2013-2014). Se calculó el cociente albumina-creatinina en los exámenes de orina cuantitativo y automatizado. Se utilizó una prueba de chi-cuadrado para obtener el valor p, por nivel de albuminuria. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística univariado para obtener los odds ratios crudos y determinar la asociación entre la presencia de las condiciones (HTA o DM) y albuminuria, y se ajustó un modelo de regresión logística múltiple. Se incluyeron los intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados: se incluyeron en el estudio 13 842 pacientes. La prevalencia de albuminuria fue del 23,31%, en diabéticos del 23,93%, en hipertensos del 18,03% y en pacientes con ambas condiciones del 35,22%. Se demostró una asociación significativa entre diabetes e hipertensión y el riesgo de albuminuria (categorías A2 y A3). Conclusión: se observó una prevalencia global del 23,31% en pacientes diabéticos e hipertensos en nuestra red de salud. Este tamizaje benefició a los pacientes de esta red en la seguridad social; por lo tanto, implementar intervenciones sanitarias para el diagnóstico oportuno del daño renal evitaría futuros pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica.
Este artículo es una revisión general del procedimiento tradicional de dimensionamiento en rotura de secciones de hormigón armado. El procedimiento que recogen la mayor parte de los libros de texto ...actuales data de los años 50 del siglo XX y es susceptible de ser simplificado. En este artículo el planteamiento se reformula y se presenta de una manera más compacta, lo que supone un cambio tanto desde el punto de vista docente como desde el punto de vista profesional del hormigón armado. El Teorema de Armado a Flexión confirma que las ingeniosas soluciones propuestas por Whitney o Wuczkowsky, corresponden a los mínimos de un problema general que puede ser planteado de una forma más racional. El hecho de presentar el problema de forma compacta, empleando los diagramas RSD permite poder elegir soluciones alternativas de armado de menor impacto medioambiental.
Dengue virus infection (DENV-2) is transmitted by infected mosquitoes
the skin, where many dermal and epidermal cells are potentially susceptible to infection. Most of the cells in an area of ...infection will establish an antiviral microenvironment to control viral replication. Although cumulative studies report permissive DENV-2 infection in dendritic cells, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts, among other cells also infected, little information is available regarding cell-to-cell crosstalk and the effect of this on the outcome of the infection. Therefore, our study focused on understanding the contribution of fibroblast and dendritic cell crosstalk to the control or promotion of dengue. Our results suggest that dendritic cells promote an antiviral state over fibroblasts by enhancing the production of type I interferon, but not proinflammatory cytokines. Infected and non-infected fibroblasts promoted partial dendritic cell maturation, and the fibroblast-matured cells were less permissive to infection and showed enhanced type I interferon production. We also observed that the soluble mediators produced by non-infected or Poly (I:C) transfected fibroblasts induced allogenic T cell proliferation, but mediators produced by DENV-2 infected fibroblasts inhibited this phenomenon. Additionally, the effects of fibroblast soluble mediators on CD14
monocytes were analyzed to assess whether they affected the differentiation of monocyte derived dendritic cells (moDC). Our data showed that mediators produced by infected fibroblasts induced variable levels of monocyte differentiation into dendritic cells, even in the presence of recombinant GM-CSF and IL-4. Cells with dendritic cell-like morphology appeared in the culture; however, flow cytometry analysis showed that the mediators did not fully downregulate CD14 nor did they upregulate CD1a. Our data revealed that fibroblast-dendritic cell crosstalk promoted an antiviral response mediated manly by type I interferons over fibroblasts. Furthermore, the maturation of dendritic cells and T cell proliferation were promoted, which was inhibited by DENV-2-induced mediators. Together, our results suggest that activation of the adaptive immune response is influenced by the crosstalk of skin resident cells and the intensity of innate immune responses established in the microenvironment of the infected skin.
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most prevalent congenital malformation affecting 1 in 100 newborns. While advances in early diagnosis and postnatal management have increased survival in CHD ...children, worrying long-term outcomes, particularly neurodevelopmental disability, have emerged as a key prognostic factor in the counseling of these pregnancies.
Eligible participants are women presenting at 20 to < 37 weeks of gestation carrying a fetus with CHD. Maternal/neonatal recordings are performed at regular intervals, from the fetal period to 24 months of age, and include: placental and fetal hemodynamics, fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional echocardiography, cerebral oxymetry, electroencephalography and serum neurological and cardiac biomarkers. Neurodevelopmental assessment is planned at 12 months of age using the ages and stages questionnaire (ASQ) and at 24 months of age with the Bayley-III test. Target recruitment is at least 150 cases classified in three groups according to three main severe CHD groups: transposition of great arteries (TGA), Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction (LVOTO).
The results of NEURO-HEART study will provide the most comprehensive knowledge until date of children's neurologic prognosis in CHD and will have the potential for developing future clinical decisive tools and improving preventive strategies in CHD.
NCT02996630 , on 4th December 2016 (retrospectively registered).
White phosphorescence that lasted ≈ 212 s, being the longest phosphorescence time reported so far for any Ga based material, has been observed in undoped ZnGa2O4 (ZGO) phosphors. The samples were ...synthesized by a simple combustion method by using two different Gallium precursors (Gallium nitrate and Gallium Acetylacetonate). According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the samples prepared with the two different precursors presented the same single cubic phase. TEM images demonstrated that the ZGO phosphors made with both precursors are formed by nanoparticles with quasi-spherical shape, and they have nanoparticle sizes in the range of 17–43 nm. When excited with UV light (400 nm), these phosphors produced a broad blue-green-yellow luminescence. The blue band was associated to transitions from the Ga-O levels, while that of green-yellow band was attributed to radiative transitions from oxygen vacancies. Particularly, the sample synthesized with Gallium acetylacetone precursor presented the highest phosphorescent emission intensity and had a CIE coordinates of (x = 0.27, y = 0.33), which is close to that for pure white light (x = 0.33, y = 0.33). Since the ZGO presented a white phosphorescent emission without doping with rare earths, they could be good candidates for lighting or signaling applications.
Zika virus (ZIKV), an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus, has quickly spread in many regions around the world where dengue virus (DENV) is endemic. This represents a major health concern, given the ...high homology between these two viruses, which can result in cross-reactivity. The aim of this study was to determine the cross-reacting antibody response of the IgM and IgG classes against the recombinant envelope protein of ZIKV (rE-ZIKV) in sera from patients with acute-phase infection of different clinical forms of dengue, i.e., dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) (before the arrival of ZIKV in Mexico 2010), as well as acute-phase sera of ZIKV patients, together with the implications in neutralization and antibody-dependent enhancement. Differences in IgM responses were observed in a number of DF and DHF patients whose sera cross-reacted with the rE-ZIK antigen, with 42% recognition between acute-phase DHF and ZIKV but 27% recognition between DF and ZIKV. Regarding IgG antibodies, 71.5% from the DF group showed cross-reactivity to rE-ZIKV in contrast with 50% and only 25% of DHF and ZIKV serum samples, respectively, which specifically recognized the homologous antigen. The DHF group showed more enhancement of ZIKV infection of FCRγ-expressing cells compared to the DF group. Furthermore, the DHF group also showed a higher cross-neutralizing ability than that of DF. This is the first report where DF and DHF serum samples were evaluated for cross-reactivity against Zika protein and ZIKV. Furthermore, DENV serum samples cross-protect against ZIKV through neutralizing antibodies but at the same time mediate antibody-dependent enhancement in the sequential ZIKV infection.
Histopathological changes in liver and gill epithelium of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, exposed to waterborne copper Figueiredo-Fernandes, António(Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Depto Engenharia Biológica e Ambiental); Ferreira-Cardoso, Jorge V.(Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Depto Engenharia Biológica e Ambiental); Garcia-Santos, Sofia(Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Depto Engenharia Biológica e Ambiental) ...
Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira,
03/2007, Letnik:
27, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, of both sexes were reared in freshwater and exposed to 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5mg L-1 of waterborne copper for a period of 21 days. Liver and gill samples were collected ...after 21 days of exposure to copper and lesions were analyzed by light microscopy. The main histopathological changes observed in gills exposed to the highest concentration were edema, lifting of lamellar epithelia and an intense vasodilatation of the lamellar vascular axis. Although less frequent, lamellar fusion caused by the filamentar epithelium proliferation and some lamellar aneurisms were also found. The liver of control group exhibited a quite normal architecture, while the fish exposed to copper showed vacuolation and necrosis. These hepatic alterations were more evident in fish exposed to 1.0 and 2.5mg L-1 copper concentrations. The number of hepatocytes nucleus per mm² of hepatic tissue decreased with the increase of copper concentration. In contrast, the hepatic somatic index was high in fish exposed at 2.5mg L-1 of copper. In short, this work advance new knowledge as influence of copper in the gill and liver histology of O. niloticus and demonstrated that their effects could be observed at different concentrations.
Tilápia do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus, de ambos os sexos foram mantidas em água doce e expostas a concentrações de 0.5, 1.0 e 2.5mg L-1 de sulfato de cobre durante um período de 21 dias. Amostras de fígado e de brânquia foram coletadas após o tempo de exposição e as lesões foram analisadas por microscopia óptica. As principais alterações histopatológicas observadas nas brânquias foram edema, "lifting" do epitélio lamelar e uma intensa vasodilatação do eixo lamelar. Embora menos freqüentes, a fusão lamelar causada pela proliferação do epitélio filamentar e alguns aneurismas lamelares também foram observadas. O fígado do grupo controle exibiu uma arquitetura normal, enquanto os dos peixes expostos ao cobre apresentaram vacuolização e necrose. Estas lesões hepáticas foram mais evidentes nos peixes expostos a concentrações de cobre de 1.0 e 2.5mg L-1. O número dos núcleos dos hepatócitos / mm² de tecido hepático decresceu com o aumento da concentração de cobre. Em contraste, o índice hepatossomático foi mais elevado nos peixes expostos a 2.5mg L-1 de cobre. Em resumo, este trabalho acrescenta nova informação sobre a influência do cobre ao nível da histologia da brânquia e do fígado de O. niloticus e demonstra que os seus efeitos podem ser observados em diferentes concentrações.
Background and Aims
An understanding of spatial variation in soil respiration is critical to determining the carbon balance in grapevines. The effect of soil water content on soil respiration during ...different phenological stages in two grapevine cultivars, Grenache and Tempranillo, was studied over two seasons (2013 and 2014).
Methods and Results
Soil respiration was measured from five locations confined to within and between rows of vines at five phenological stages between budburst and postharvest under irrigated and non‐irrigated conditions. Vine phenology influenced the in‐row soil CO2 efflux to a greater extent than the between‐row CO2 efflux, while irrigation resulted in in‐row soil respiration 65% higher than that of the between‐row positions. In contrast, the flux from the in‐row positions of the non‐irrigated treatment was only 25% higher than that of the between‐row positions. Soil moisture and vine phenological stages appeared to have a greater influence on soil respiration than soil temperature.
Conclusions
Significant correlations existed among soil respiration, irrigation and the vine phenological stages. Soil respiration increased from budburst to pea‐size berry stage; thereafter, it decreased until the ripening stage before increasing again during the postharvest stage.
Significance of the Study
The study showed that soil water availability and vine phenology play an important role in influencing soil respiration under field conditions.
Principal Sectorial coordinate system Gil-Martín, L. M.; Hernández-Montes, E.
Archive of applied mechanics (1991),
02/2020, Letnik:
90, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The use of Sectorial coordinates is unavoidable when studying thin-walled elements with open cross sections. The torsional behavior of this type of elements is governed by some fundamental sectorial ...properties such as the position of the principal pole, i.e., the shear center, and the warping constant or sectorial moment of inertia. However, and despite being a fundamental concept, the definition of the Principal Sectorial coordinate system has not been clearly presented in the literature, and some errors can be found in the diagrams of sectorial areas in well-known text books. Moreover, the Principal Sectorial coordinate system is used, but the location of the principal origin is usually avoided. In this paper, a compact and alternative procedure to obtain the principal sectorial coordinate system is presented. Authors propose to put aside the traditional definition of Principal Origin and consider instead the value of the sectorial area at an extreme of the contour line. Several examples are developed.
This study investigated the effects of lecturing, cooperative learning and concept maps on the development of critical and creative thinking skills. A quasi-experimental non-randomized study involved ...a class of students from the 3rd year of Psychology and two classes from the 3rd year of Pre-service Elementary Teachers. The study ran for 15 weeks, one semester. In one of the Primary School Teaching classes, cooperative learning and concept maps were used and in the other only cooperative learning. The Critical and Creative Thinking test was applied to assess pre and post critical and creative thinking skills. The results show that students from the two classes that used cooperative learning and cooperative learning + concept maps improved further critical and creative thinking skills in relation to the lecturing class, with no significant differences between the first two. Pedagogical recommendations are made according to these results.
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