ABSTRACT We have produced for the first time a detailed velocity map of the giant filamentary nebula surrounding NGC 1275, the Perseus cluster’s brightest galaxy, and revealed a previously unknown ...rich velocity structure across the entire nebula. These new observations were obtained with the optical imaging Fourier transform spectrometer SITELLE at CFHT. With its wide field of view ( ∼11 arcmin × 11 arcmin), SITELLE is the only integral field unit spectroscopy instrument able to cover the 80 kpc × 55 kpc ( 3.8 arcmin × 2.6 arcmin) large nebula in NGC 1275. Our analysis of these observations shows a smooth radial gradient of the N iiλ6583/H α line ratio, suggesting a change in the ionization mechanism and source across the nebula. The velocity map shows no visible general trend or rotation, indicating that filaments are not falling uniformly onto the galaxy, nor being uniformly pulled out from it. Comparison between the physical properties of the filaments and Hitomi measurements of the X-ray gas dynamics in Perseus is also explored.
Objective
To investigate the impact of prenatal antidepressant exposure on behavioural problems in children at 7 years of age.
Design
Nationwide population‐based study.
Setting
Danish National Birth ...Cohort.
Population
A cohort of 49 178 pregnant women recruited between 1996 and 2002.
Methods
Data obtained from computer‐assisted telephone interviews twice during pregnancy were used to identify children born to: (i) depressed women who took antidepressants during pregnancy (n = 210); (ii) depressed women who did not take any antidepressants during pregnancy (n = 231); and (iii) healthy women who were not depressed (n = 48 737). Childhood behavioural problems at 7 years of age were examined using the validated Danish parent‐report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).
Main outcome measures
SDQ scores.
Results
No associations were observed between prenatal antidepressant exposure and abnormal SDQ scores for overall problem behaviour (adjusted relative risk, aRR 1.00; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI 0.49–2.05), hyperactivity/inattention (aRR 0.99; 95% CI 0.56–1.75), or peer problems (aRR 1.04; 95% CI 0.57–1.91). Although prenatal antidepressant exposure appeared to be associated with abnormal SDQ scores on the subscales of emotional symptoms (aRR 1.68; 95% CI 1.18–2.38) and conduct problems (aRR 1.58; 95% CI 1.03–2.42), these associations were significantly attenuated following adjustment for antenatal mood status (aRR 1.20; 95% CI 0.85–1.70 and aRR 1.19; 95% CI 0.77 1.83, respectively). Untreated prenatal depression was associated with an increased risk of all behavioural outcomes evaluated, compared with unexposed children, with significant attenuation following adjustment for antenatal mood status.
Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that independent of maternal illness, prenatal antidepressant exposure is not associated with an increased risk of behavioural problems in children at 7 years of age.
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Prenatal antidepressant exposure is not associated with an increased risk of child behavioural problems.
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Prenatal antidepressant exposure is not associated with an increased risk of child behavioural problems.
Context. X-ray surveys combined with optical follow-up observations are used to generate complete flux-limited samples of the main X-ray emitting source classes. eROSITA on the ...Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma mission provides sufficient sensitivity to build significantly enhanced samples of rare X-ray emitting sources. Aims. We strive to identify and classify compact white dwarf binaries, cataclysmic variables (CVs), and related objects, which were detected in the sky area of eFEDS, the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depths Survey, and they were observed in the plate program of SDSS-V. Methods. Compact white dwarf binaries were selected from spectra obtained in the early SDSS-V plate program. A dedicated set of SDSS plate observations were carried out in the eFEDS field, providing spectroscopic classifications for a significant fraction of the optically bright end ( r < 22.5) of the X-ray sample. The identification and subclassification rests on visual inspections of the SDSS spectra, spectral variability, color-magnitude and color-color diagrams involving optical and X-ray fluxes, optical variability, and literature work. Results. Upon visual inspection of SDSS spectra and various auxiliary data products, we have identified 26 accreting compact white dwarf binaries (aCWDBs) in eFEDS, of which 24 are proven X-ray emitters. Among those 26 objects, there are 12 dwarf novae, three WZ Sge-like disk-accreting nonmagnetic CVs with low accretion rates, five likely nonmagnetic high accretion rate nova-like CVs, two magnetic CVs of the polar subcategory, and three double degenerates (AM CVn objects). Period bouncing candidates and magnetic systems are rarer than expected in this sample, but it is too small for a thorough statistical analysis. Fourteen of the systems are new discoveries, of which five are fainter than the Gaia magnitude limit. Thirteen aCWDBs have measured or estimated orbital periods, of which five were presented here. Through a Zeeman analysis, we revise the magnetic field estimate of the polar system J0926+0105, which is likely a low-field polar at B = 16 MG. We quantified the success of X-ray versus optical/UV selection of compact white dwarf binaries which will be relevant for the full SDSS-V survey. We also identified six white dwarf main sequence (WDMS) systems, among them there is one confirmed pre-CV at an orbital period of 17.6 h and another pre-CV candidate. Conclusions. This work presents successful initial work in building large samples of all kinds of accreting and X-ray emitting compact white dwarf binaries that will be continued over the full hemisphere in the years to come.
Identification of biomarkers that assess posttransplant risk is needed to improve long‐term outcomes following heart transplantation. The Clinical Trials in Organ Transplantation (CTOT)‐05 protocol ...was an observational, multicenter, cohort study of 200 heart transplant recipients followed for the first posttransplant year. The primary endpoint was a composite of death, graft loss/retransplantation, biopsy‐proven acute rejection (BPAR), and cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) as defined by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). We serially measured anti‐HLA‐ and auto‐antibodies, angiogenic proteins, peripheral blood allo‐reactivity, and peripheral blood gene expression patterns. We correlated assay results and clinical characteristics with the composite endpoint and its components. The composite endpoint was associated with older donor allografts (p < 0.03) and with recipient anti‐HLA antibody (p < 0.04). Recipient CMV‐negativity (regardless of donor status) was associated with BPAR (p < 0.001), and increases in plasma vascular endothelial growth factor‐C (OR 20; 95%CI:1.9–218) combined with decreases in endothelin‐1 (OR 0.14; 95%CI:0.02–0.97) associated with CAV. The remaining biomarkers showed no relationships with the study endpoints. While suboptimal endpoint definitions and lower than anticipated event rates were identified as potential study limitations, the results of this multicenter study do not yet support routine use of the selected assays as noninvasive approaches to detect BPAR and/or CAV following heart transplantation.
In this observational, multicenter, cohort study of 200 heart transplant recipients, the investigators find that acute rejection and evidence of vasculopathy at 1 year posttransplant correlates with several epidemiological parameters, anti‐HLA antibodies and plasma angiogenesis‐related factors, but not with a panel of cellular and molecular biomarkers. See also Van Aelst et al on page 99.
Novel high capacitance materials: BaTiO3:La and CaCu3Ti4O12 WEST, Anthony R; ADAMS, Timothy B; MORRISON, Finlay D ...
Journal of the European Ceramic Society,
2004, 2004-1-00, 20040101, Letnik:
24, Številka:
6
Conference Proceeding, Journal Article
Recenzirano
A review is given of the origins of high permittivity in two groups of materials, La-doped BaTiO3 and a new barrier layer capacitor material, CaCu3Ti4O12. Factors that influence permittivity include: ...dopant, doping mechanism, processing conditions and grain size. La-doped BaTiO3 has high permittivity due to its ferroelectric nature at low temperatures and a novel doping mechanism: A-site substitution linked to the creation of B-site vacancies for charge compensation. Permittivities of 25,000 have been achieved, which can be increased further to ~36,000 by additional doping with Zr. The value of impedance spectroscopy to characterize materials that have heterogeneous electrical microstructures is illustrated with the example of CaCu3Ti4O12; the high permittivity is not a bulk effect, as widely stated in the literature, but is a thin layer effect typical of a barrier layer capacitor. By attention to processing conditions to achieve large grain sizes, effective permittivities as high as 300,000 have been obtained.
Management of contrast media allergies may lead to treatment delays in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular therapy. The optimal premedication strategy remains unclear. The aim ...of this report was to analyze our experience with emergent administration of premedication regimens before endovascular therapy.
We retrospectively reviewed prospective data for all patients undergoing endovascular therapy from 2012 to 2019 at an academic comprehensive stroke center. Records of patients with documented contrast allergy were reviewed and analyzed. Data collected included stroke risk factors and characteristics, historical contrast reaction details, premedication regimens administered, and signs or symptoms of allergic reaction developing post-endovascular therapy. Hospital arrival time to endovascular therapy was compared with that in those who did not have a history of contrast allergy.
We analyzed 1521 patients undergoing endovascular therapy; 60 (4%) had documented contrast allergies and constituted the study cohort. The median age was 73 years (interquartile range, 66-81 years), and 65% were women. The median time from premedication to contrast was 24 minutes (interquartile range, 0-36 minutes). Forty-three patients (72%) proceeded directly to endovascular therapy; in 17 patients, the first contrast exposure was CTA. Time from hospital arrival to endovascular therapy was not slower for patients with documented allergies (96 versus 134 minutes,
= .32). No patients experienced a contrast media reaction.
In a single-institution cohort study of 60 consecutive patients with documented contrast allergies undergoing endovascular therapy with emergent premedication en route to (or in) the neuroangiography suite, no patients experienced allergic symptoms. This pragmatic approach may be safe for patients who have documented contrast media allergies.
Continuous fluorescence observation of amplifying DNA allows rapid and accurate quantification of initial transcript copy number. A simple and generic method for monitoring product synthesis with the ...double-stranded DNA dye, SYBR Green I provides initial template copy number estimation limited only by stochastic effects. To reach this degree of sensitivity, two methods were used. First, specific products generally have a higher melting temperature than nonspecific products, and therefore, specific product formation was monitored by fluorescence acquisition at temperatures at which only specific products are double-stranded. Second, anti-Taq antibodies were used to reduce nonspecific product generation. The log-linear portion of the fluorescence vs. cycle plot was extended to determine a fractional cycle number at which a threshold fluorescence was obtained. These fractional cycle numbers were plotted against the log of starting template copies to give linear standard curves from purified PCR products, allowing easy estimation of cDNA unknowns over a 10(6)-fold range. A single template molecule per reaction could be distinguished from the absence of template, although stochastic effects increased the variance of concentration estimates below 10 copies. Above 10 copies per reaction, typical replicate coefficients of variation were 6%-37%, with better precision at higher copy numbers.
We have measured the cosmic ray spectrum above 10(17.2) eV using the two air-fluorescence detectors of the High Resolution Fly's Eye observatory operating in monocular mode. We describe the detector, ...phototube, and atmospheric calibrations, as well as the analysis techniques for the two detectors. We fit the spectrum to a model consisting of galactic and extragalactic sources.
Fouling of oil-exposed surfaces remains a crucial issue as a result of the continued importance of oil as the world’s primary energy source. The key perpetrators in crude oil fouling have been ...identified as asphaltenes, a poorly described mixture of diverse polyfunctional molecules that form part of the heaviest fractions of oil. Asphaltenes are responsible for a decrease in oil production and energy efficiency and an increase in the risk of environmental hazards. Hence, understanding and managing systems that are prone to fouling is of great value but constitutes a challenge as a result of their complexity. In an effort to reduce that complexity, a study of a synthesized foulant of archipelago structure is presented. A critical perspective on previously described solubility and aggregation mechanisms (e.g., critical nanoaggrerate concentration and critical clustering concentration) is offered because the characterized system favors a continuous distribution of n-mers instead. A battery of experimental and modeling techniques have been employed to link the bulk and interfacial behavior of a representative foulant monomer to effective fouling mitigation strategies. This systematic approach defines a new multiscale methodology in the investigation of fouling systems.
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