Vultures constitute globally the most rapidly declining group of birds. Across their wide distribution range, they share common ecological functions and unfavourable conservation status while being ...associated with varying habitats, lifestyles, cultural standing, and threats. We reveal conceptualisations about the emblematic yet critically endangered Egyptian vulture along its migratory flyway from the Balkans through the Middle East to Africa. Information was gathered through interviews, focus group discussions, and market surveys, with 420 people in 11 participating countries contributing overall. Our results showed that all vultures are recognised primarily for the environmental cleaning services, but the level of awareness differs between countries. Τhe Egyptian vulture has some perceptual advantages based on its white color, migratory nature, and endangered conservation status. This underlines its suitability as a charismatic flagship species that can potentially benefit other vulture species and thus enforce broader vulture conservation initiatives.
Two trials of leucovorin (LV) and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were done, both using a 3‐day loading dose and then weekly doses to minimize toxicity. The first ...trial used LV administered by intravenous infusion with a constant dose of 5‐FU 400 mg/m2, and the second trial used oral LV with increasing doses of 5‐FU. In the first trial, 45 eligible patients (20 with and 25 without previous therapy) were treated. Toxicity usually consisted of diarrhea or weakness and was controlled by delaying or decreasing the 5‐FU dose. Subjective responses occurred in 75% of patients but did not correlate with antineoplastic effect. Objective responses were seen in 36% and stabilization of disease in 31% of patients; these correlated with prolonged survival. Median survival was 8 months for patients with previous treatment and 10 for those without. Twelve‐month survival was 32% and 40%, respectively. There was no correlation between the development of toxicity and response or survival. The second trial was conducted recently in cooperation with Duke University to determine toxicity and efficacy of oral LV with intravenous 5‐FU before a randomized trial of this combination versus placebo with intravenous 5‐FU. Eighteen patients were treated, and serum levels of folates were obtained on ten. First toxicity occurred at 5‐FU doses ranging from 375 to 850 mg/m2, and consisted of diarrhea in nine, lethargy in seven, nausea/vomiting in four, dermatitis in four, conjunctivitis in two, hypersalivation in two, stomatitis in one, and profound granulocytopenia in one. Response rate was 35%, and stabilization was 35% with median survival of 14 months. Twelve‐month survival was 56%.
Clinical experience with CF-FUra Laufman, L R; Brenckman, Jr, W D; Stydnicki, K A ...
Advances in experimental medicine and biology,
1988, Letnik:
244
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Two trials of CF-FUra in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were performed, both using a 3 day loading dose and then weekly maintenance doses to minimize toxicity. The first trial used CF by ...IV infusion with constant dose of FUra 400 mg/m2, and the second trial used oral CF with escalating doses of FUra. In the first trial, 45 eligible patients (20 with and 25 without prior therapy) were treated. Toxicity usually consisted of diarrhea or weakness and was controlled by delaying or decreasing 5FU dose. Subjective responses occurred in 75% of patients but did not correlate with antineoplastic effect. Objective responses were seen in 36% and stabilization of disease in 31% of patients, and correlated with prolonged survival. Median survival was 8 months for patients with prior treatment and 10 for those without, and 12 month survival was 32% and 40%, respectively. There was no correlation between the development of toxicity and response or survival. The second trial was recently conducted in cooperation with Duke University to determine toxicity and efficacy of oral CP with IV FUra prior to a randomized trial of this combination versus placebo with IV FUra. Eighteen patients were treated and serum levels of folates were obtained on 10. First toxicity occurred at FUra doses ranging from 375 to 850 mg/m2, and consisted of diarrhea in 9, lethargy in 7, nausea/vomiting in 4, dermatitis in 4, conjunctivitis in 2, hypersalivation in 2, stomatitis in 1, and profound granulocytopenia in 1. Response rate was 35% and stabilization was 35% with median survival of 14 months and 12 month survival of 56%.
