A substantial fraction of systematic uncertainties in neutrino oscillation experiments stem from the lack of precision in modeling the nuclear target in neutrino-nucleus interactions. Whilst this has ...driven significant progress in the development of improved nuclear models for neutrino scattering, it is crucial that the models used in neutrino data analyses be accompanied by parameters and associated uncertainties that allow the coverage of plausible nuclear physics. Based on constraints from electron scattering data, we propose such a set of parameters, which can be applied to nuclear shell models, and test their application to the Benhar spectral function model. The parametrization is validated through a series of maximum likelihood fits to cross section measurements made by the T2K and MINERvA experiments, which also permit an exploration of the power of near-detector data to provide constraints on the parameters in neutrino oscillation analyses.
Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) locus-associated G-rich long noncoding RNA (SμGLT) is important for physiological and pathological B cell DNA recombination. We demonstrate that the METTL3 ...enzyme-catalyzed N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification drives recognition and 3′ end processing of SμGLT by the RNA exosome, promoting class switch recombination (CSR) and suppressing chromosomal translocations. The recognition is driven by interaction of the MPP6 adaptor protein with nuclear m6A reader YTHDC1. MPP6 and YTHDC1 promote CSR by recruiting AID and the RNA exosome to actively transcribe SμGLT. Direct suppression of m6A modification of SμGLT or of m6A reader YTHDC1 reduces CSR. Moreover, METTL3, an essential gene for B cell development in the bone marrow and germinal center, suppresses IgH-associated aberrant DNA breaks and prevents genomic instability. Taken together, we propose coordinated and central roles for MPP6, m6A modification, and m6A reader proteins in controlling long noncoding RNA processing, DNA recombination, and development in B cells.
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•N6-methyladenosine (m6A) guides IgH lncRNA SμGLT 3′ end processing by RNA exosome•M6A RNA modification is important for IgH class switch recombination•M6A RNA modification is important for genomic stability of B cells•YTHDC1 and MPP6 guide m6A recognition of G-rich SμGLT
B-lymphocytes generate a vast number of antibodies to neutralize pathogenic insults. Somatic mutations of antibody genes are important for antibody diversity but also cause lymphomagenesis. Here, Nair et al. demonstrate that N6-methyladenosine modification of the SμGLT long noncoding RNA expressed from antibody gene locus drives somatic mutations but suppresses lymphomagenic genomic alterations.
The modeling of neutrino-nucleus interactions constitutes a challenging source of systematic uncertainty for the extraction of precise values of neutrino oscillation parameters in long-baseline ...accelerator neutrino experiments. To improve such modeling and minimize the corresponding uncertainties, a new generation of detectors is being developed, which aim to measure the complete final state of particles resulting from neutrino interactions. In order to fully benefit from the improved detector capabilities, precise simulations of the nuclear effects on the final-state nucleons are needed. This article presents the study of the in-medium propagation of knocked-out protons, i.e., final-state interactions (FSI), comparing the NuWro and INCL cascade models. The INCL model is used here for the first time to predict exclusive final states in measured neutrino interaction cross sections. This study of INCL in the framework of neutrino interactions features various novelties, including the production of nuclear clusters (e.g., deuterons, α particles) in the final state. The paper includes a complete characterization of the final state after FSI, comparisons to available measurements of single transverse variables, and an assessment of the observability of nuclear clusters.
The most challenging and impactful uncertainties that future accelerator-based measurements of neutrino oscillations must overcome stem from our limited ability to model few-GeV neutrino-nucleus ...interactions. In particular, it is crucial to better understand the nuclear effects which can alter the final state topology and kinematics of neutrino interactions, inducing possible biases in neutrino energy reconstruction. The upgraded ND280 near detector of the T2K experiment will directly confront neutrino interaction uncertainties using a new suite of detectors with full polar angle acceptance, improved spatial resolutions, neutron detection capabilities and reduced tracking thresholds. In this manuscript we explore the physics sensitivity that can be expected from the upgraded detector, specifically focusing on the additional sensitivity to nuclear effects and how they can be constrained with future measurements of kinematic variables constructed using both outgoing lepton and nucleon kinematics.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae are widely used for imaging fluorescently tagged protein fusions. Fluorescent proteins can easily be inserted into yeast genes at their chromosomal locus, by homologous ...recombination, for expression of tagged proteins at endogenous levels. This is especially useful for incorporation of multiple fluorescent protein fusions into a single strain, which can be challenging in organisms where genetic manipulation is more complex. However, the availability of optimal fluorescent protein combinations for 3-color imaging is limited. Here, we have characterized a combination of fluorescent proteins, mTFP1/mCitrine/mCherry for multicolor live cell imaging in S. cerevisiae. This combination can be used with conventional blue dyes, such as DAPI, for potential four-color live cell imaging.
In this paper, three deposition techniques are combined to create a window material with high average transmission at oblique angles of incidence. Spectrophotometry and ellipsometry measurements, ...respectively, yield the optical constants
n
and
k
. In contrast with other analyses on the subject, a high average transmission, higher than 91% in the 450–900 nm spectral range, is obtained at incident angles of 20–25°. The refractive index and extinction coefficient are determined by the Swanepoel method. The iterative optimization performed using the OpenFilters software leads to an antireflection (AR) multilayer with low reflection and high transmission. The surface quality of the films was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), which revealed compact, continuous, and smooth films.
Celiac disease: a multi-faceted medical condition Domsa, E M; Berindan-Neagoe, I; Para, I ...
Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society
71, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic condition of autoimmune origin, affecting genetically predisposed individuals who at some point lose tolerance towards dietary gluten. Prevalence in the general ...population is 0.5 - 1%, with a higher frequency in women. The most important environmental factor for CD is ingestion of specific gluten peptides. It triggers a sequence of molecular events, involving the intestinal permeability and the immune system, which ends in damage of the intestinal mucosa. A number of studies have demonstrated the correlation between the intestinal microbiota and celiac disease. MicroRNAs through their regulatory role on gene expression have been implicated in the pathogenesis of CD and suggested as potential biomarkers. In the pediatric and adult population, CD displays different clusters of clinical symptoms. Persistent diarrhea, abdominal pain and involuntary weight loss are the classic symptoms of CD. In the majority of cases diagnosis relies on the combination of serum autoantibodies (anti-transglutaminase and anti-endomisium IgA) and duodenal biopsy showing villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia and intraepithelial lymphocytes. Observance of a lifelong gluten-free diet, which interrupts the immune response to gluten peptides, is the only effective treatment of CD.
•High fidelity prediction of dielectric properties in chalcogenide ternary glasses.•Correlation of Swanepoel and Hilliard methods for chalcogenides.•Easily integrated nonlinearities in dielectric ...laws.
We report on the dielectric properties of the chalcogenide ternary GexSb40−xSe60 glasses with composition x = 12, 25, 30 at%. By combining the Swanepoel method with a formalism based on the Hilliard theory of the surface tension, the linear dielectric constants and the third-order optical susceptibility are predicted. The glasses are synthesized from elements with 5N purity (Ge, Sb, Se) by the conventional melt-quenching method. The mixture was sealed into quartz ampoules after evacuation down to a pressure of 10−3 Pa, in a rotary furnace for 24 h at 950 °C.
Immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) locus-associated G-rich long noncoding RNA (SμGLT) is important for physiological and pathological B cell DNA recombination. We demonstrate that the METTL3 ...enzyme-catalyzed N
-methyladenosine (m
A) RNA modification drives recognition and 3' end processing of SμGLT by the RNA exosome, promoting class switch recombination (CSR) and suppressing chromosomal translocations. The recognition is driven by interaction of the MPP6 adaptor protein with nuclear m
A reader YTHDC1. MPP6 and YTHDC1 promote CSR by recruiting AID and the RNA exosome to actively transcribe SμGLT. Direct suppression of m
A modification of SμGLT or of m
A reader YTHDC1 reduces CSR. Moreover, METTL3, an essential gene for B cell development in the bone marrow and germinal center, suppresses IgH-associated aberrant DNA breaks and prevents genomic instability. Taken together, we propose coordinated and central roles for MPP6, m
A modification, and m
A reader proteins in controlling long noncoding RNA processing, DNA recombination, and development in B cells.
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