Thrombelastography (TEG) measured by the TEG5000 Hemostasis Analyzer is an established but the labor-intensive method for assessing global hemostasis. The first true point-of-care TEG, the TEG6s ...system, uses resonance-frequency viscoelasticity measurements and a disposable multi-channel microfluidic cartridge to assess hemostasis and response to antiplatelet therapy. TEG assays (n = 5,100) were performed on the blood of healthy volunteers (n = 157) and patients undergoing coronary revascularization at three hospitals (n = 300). The results from the TEG6s were compared with the conventional TEG5000 in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and FDA recommendations. Precision testing was conducted using blood from healthy donors, all assays were run for 5 consecutive days in duplicate using multiple operators, lots, and instruments. Reference ranges were comparable between the TEG systems.
Deming regression analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between the two systems for the standard hemostasis tests (R r = 0.932, MA r = 0.972, LY30 r = 0.938). Method comparison analysis showed an acceptable agreement between PlateletMapping (PM) assays for measuring arachidonic acid (indicator of aspirin response)- and adenosine diphosphate (indicator of P2Y
12
inhibitor response)-induced platelet aggregation (total agreement = 90%, and 72%, respectively). TEG6s precision testing yielded low variability (CV 0-13%) in all measures. The new point-of-care TEG6s is associated with greater ease of use than the TEG5000 and provides precise results. The results correlated between methods for all variables. TEG6s is a promising device for near-patient hemostasis monitoring and future trials of personalized therapy designed to reduce bleeding and thrombosis.
Context.
Despite being a prominent subset of the exoplanet population discovered in the past three decades, the nature and provenance of sub-Neptune-sized planets is still one of the open questions ...in exoplanet science.
Aims.
For planets orbiting bright stars, precisely measuring the orbital and planet parameters of the system is the best approach to distinguish between competing theories regarding their formation and evolution.
Methods.
We obtained 69 new radial velocity observations of the mid-M dwarf G 9–40 with the CARMENES instrument to measure for the first time the mass of its transiting sub-Neptune planet, G 9–40 b, discovered in data from the K2 mission.
Results.
Combined with new observations from the TESS mission during Sectors 44, 45, and 46, we are able to measure the radius of the planet to an uncertainty of 3.4% (
R
b
= 1.900 ± 0.065
R
⊕
) and determine its mass with a precision of 16% (
M
b
= 4.00 ± 0.63
M
⊕
). The resulting bulk density of the planet is inconsistent with a terrestrial composition and suggests the presence of either a water-rich core or a significant hydrogen-rich envelope.
Conclusions.
G 9–40 b is referred to as a keystone planet due to its location in period-radius space within the radius valley. Several theories offer explanations for the origin and properties of this population and this planet is a valuable target for testing the dependence of those models on stellar host mass. By virtue of its brightness and small size of the host, it joins L 98-59 d as one of the two best warm (
T
eq
~ 400 K) sub-Neptunes for atmospheric characterization with JWST, which will probe cloud formation in sub-Neptune-sized planets and break the degeneracies of internal composition models.
In the recent years a special attention has been given to a major health concern namely to male infertility, defined as the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular unprotected sexual ...intercourse, taken into account the statistics that highlight that sperm counts have dropped by 50–60% in recent decades. According to the WHO, infertility affects approximately 9% of couples globally, and the male factor is believed to be present in roughly 50% of cases, with exclusive responsibility in 30%. The aim of this article is to present an evidence-based approach for diagnosing male infertility that includes finding new solutions for diagnosis and critical outcomes, retrieving up-to-date studies and existing guidelines. The diverse factors that induce male infertility generated in a vast amount of data that needed to be analyzed by a clinician before a decision could be made for each individual. Modern medicine faces numerous obstacles as a result of the massive amount of data generated by the molecular biology discipline. To address complex clinical problems, vast data must be collected, analyzed, and used, which can be very challenging. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) methods to create a decision support system can help predict the diagnosis and guide treatment for infertile men, based on analysis of different data as environmental and lifestyle, clinical (sperm count, morphology, hormone testing, karyotype, etc.), and “omics” bigdata. Ultimately, the development of AI algorithms will assist clinicians in formulating diagnosis, making treatment decisions, and predicting outcomes for assisted reproduction techniques. Summary Sentence The article intends to present an evidence-based approach for the diagnosis of male infertility. These involve many molecular aspects and the necessity of artificial intelligence techniques for diagnosis prediction and treatment guidance. Graphical Abstract
The antimicrobial peptide protegrin-1 (PG-1) interacts with membranes in a manner that strongly depends on membrane lipid composition. In this research we use an approach representing the outer ...layers of bacterial and red blood cell membranes with lipid monolayers and using a combination of insertion assay, epifluorescence microscopy, and surface x-ray scattering to gain a better understanding of antimicrobial peptide's mechanism of action. We find that PG-1 inserts readily into anionic dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol, palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol, and lipid A films, but significantly less so into zwitterionic dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine, palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine, and dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine monolayers under similar experimental conditions. Epifluorescence microscopy shows that the insertion of PG-1 into the lipid layer results in the disordering of lipid packing; this disordering effect is corroborated by grazing incidence x-ray diffraction data. X-ray reflectivity measurements further point to the location of the peptide in the lipid matrix. In a pathologically relevant example we show that PG-1 completely destabilizes monolayer composed of lipid A, the major component in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, which is likely to be the mechanism by which PG-1 disrupts the outer membrane, thus allowing it to reach the target inner membrane.
ContextObesity is a complex and heterogeneous disorder with multiple phenotypes described. Although metabolomic biomarkers of obesity have been extensively studied, biomarkers of obesity phenotypes ...and differences between these phenotypes and normal-weight (NW) persons have been less investigated. ObjectiveThe objective of this cross-sectional analysis was to investigate serum amino acids (AA) as markers of metabolic alterations in obesity phenotypes and NW. DesignCross-sectional. Subjects and MethodsBy targeted metabolomics we analyzed serum samples of 70 women using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Participants were divided into 3 groups: NW, metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO). ResultsFive AAs were significantly different between study groups: cysteine, methionine, asparagine, glutamine, and lysine (p-value <0.05 and variable importance in the projection >1). Cysteine increased linearly with metabolic unwellness from NW to MUHO. Lysine and glutamine were significantly higher, and asparagine was significantly lower in NW and MHO than in MUHO. ConclusionsBy trend and group analysis we identified specific changes in serum AAs along with the progression of metabolically unwellness.
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune condition that occurs in genetically predisposed people where the ingestion of gluten produces damage in the small intestine. The treatment accepted until now is ...a strict gluten free diet. This implies the need for novel or adjuvant treatments, in addition to the standard of care. The present study aimed to assess the effect of gold nanoparticles phytosynthesized with Cornus mas extract (AuCM) compared to Cornus mas extract (CM) and luteolin (LT) on Caco-2 cells, exposed or not to gliadin. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used for the characterization of AuCM. Measured cellular outcomes included oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde level, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities), inflammatory response and cellular signaling and transcription factors involved in apoptosis (NFκB, pNFκB, NOS2, TNF-α, TRAIL, Bax, Bcl-2, p53). The internalization of gold nanoparticles in cells was evidenced by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The gliadin administration induced oxidative stress, improved the activity of antioxidants enzymes, increased NOS2 and NFκB expressions and reduced pNFκB/NFκB ratio. In addition, gliadin enhanced TRAIL and Bcl-2 levels and reduced p53 expression in Caco-2 cells. The pretreatment with AuCM, CM extract and LT diminished oxidative stress and reduced NOS2 activity. AuCM and CM treatment amplified the expression of p53 and pNFκB/NFκB ratio and diminished Bcl-2, NFκB and pNFκB, especially AuCM. The results obtained confirmed that AuCM mitigate some of gliadin effects on Caco-2 cells through modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation.
Correction to: Abstracts Nataras, B. R.; Dema, A.; Lazureanu, C. D. ...
Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology
476, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In E-Poster Sessions of the published abstract, the authors' affiliations as well as the abstract text were incorrectly presented. The correct abstract and the author's affiliations are shown in full ...in this article.
The study aims to investigate the mechanisms involved in the in vitro effect of UVB on endothelial vascular cells (HUVECs) pretreated with a photochemopreventive agent, the Calluna vulgaris (Cv) ...extract. Two concentrations of Cv, below the limit of cytotoxicity IC50 (2.5 and 7.5 μg GAE/ml) and two doses of UVB (50 and 100 mJ/cm(2)) were used. Oxidative stress parameters were quantified at 1 h and 24 h after irradiation and apoptosis, DNA damage and the induction/activation of NF-κB were evaluated at 24 h. UVB exposure led to the formation of lipid peroxides in a dose dependent manner (p<0.001), induced apoptosis, increased the γ-H2AX levels and the activation of NF-κB. Pretreatment with 2.5 μg GAE/ml Cv improved the antioxidant defense, protected against DNA lesions and was able to decrease cellular death at low dose of irradiation. 7.5 μg GAE/ml Cv was prooxidant, favored the formation of DNA lesions, amplified the NF-κB activation UVB-induced (p<0.01) and led to high levels of cellular death. Both doses of Cv inhibited caspase-3 activation. The modulatory effect of Cv extract on endothelial cells exposed to UVB depend on the concentration of Cv used. This study provides insides into the mechanisms triggered by UVB and antioxidants on skin endothelial cells.
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