Mucolipidosis type IV (MLIV) is a developmental neurodegenerative disorder characterized by severe neurologic and ophthalmologic abnormalities. The MLIV gene, ML4 (MCOLN1), has recently been ...localized to chromosome 19p13.2-13.3 by genetic linkage. Here we report the cloning of a novel transient receptor potential cation channel gene and show that this gene is mutated in patients with the disorder. ML4 encodes a protein, which we propose to call mucolipin, which has six predicted transmembrane domains and is a member of the polycystin II subfamily of the Drosophila transient receptor potential gene family. The role of a potential receptor-stimulated cation channel defect in the pathogenesis of mucolipidosis IV is discussed.
In these proceedings, we highlight experimental data (published and preliminary) related to jet quenching and the response of the medium to this deposited energy. Signatures in two- and ...three-particle hadron correlations indicate interesting structures near the trigger particle in azimuth and over a broad range in pseudo-rapidity, often termed ‘the ridge’, and conical-like structures separated in azimuth opposite to the trigger particle. We review numerous theoretical interpretations of the ridge in particular with a critical eye for the key properties that allow one to discriminate between, or rule out, certain physical pictures and models (and hopefully learn something in the process).
The letter “s” (and the sQGP) Nagle, J.L.
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
01/2007, Letnik:
49, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider over the last five years have led many to conclude that the medium created is not the expected quark–gluon plasma (QGP), but rather a strongly coupled or ...strongly interacting quark–gluon plasma (sQGP). We explore the meaning of this possible paradigm shift and the experimental and theoretical arguments that are associated with it. In this proceedings we detail only a small subset of the relevant issues as discussed at the Hot Quarks 2006 Workshop.
Relativistic heavy ion collisions generate nuclear-sized droplets of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) that exhibit nearly inviscid hydrodynamic expansion. Smaller collision systems such as p + Au, d + Au, ...and 3He + Au at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, as well as p + Pb and high-multiplicity p + p at the Large Hadron Collider may create even smaller droplets of QGP. If so, the standard time evolution paradigm of heavy ion collisions may be extended to these smaller systems. These small systems present a unique opportunity to examine pre-hydrodynamic physics and extract properties of the QGP, such as the bulk viscosity, where the short lifetimes of the small droplets makes them more sensitive to these contributions. Here we focus on the influence of bulk viscosity, its temperature dependence, and cavitation effects on the dynamics in small and large systems using the publicly available hydrodynamic codes SONIC and MUSIC. In conclusion, we also compare pre-hydrodynamic physics in different frameworks including AdS/CFT strong coupling, IP-GLASMA weak coupling, and free streaming or no coupling.
Two particle correlations have been used extensively to study hydrodynamic flow patterns in heavy-ion collisions. In small collision systems, such as p+p and p+A, where particle multiplicities are ...much smaller than in A+A collisions, non-flow effects from jet correlations, momentum conservation, particle decays, etc. can be significant, even when imposing a large pseudorapidity gap between the particles. A number of techniques to subtract the non-flow contribution in two particle correlations have been developed by experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and then used to measure particle flow in p+p and p+Pb collisions. Recently, experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) have explored the possibility of adopting these techniques for small collision systems at lower energies. In this paper, we test these techniques using Monte Carlo generators PYTHIA and HIJING, which do not include any collective flow, and AMPT, which does. We find that it is crucial to examine the results of such tests both for correlations integrated over particle transverse momentum pT and differentially as a function of pT. Our results indicate reasonable non-flow subtraction for p+p collisions at the highest LHC energies, while failing if applied to p+p collisions at RHIC. In the case of p+Au collisions at RHIC, both HIJING and AMPT results indicate a substantial over-subtraction of non-flow for pT≳1 GeV/c and hence an underestimate of elliptic flow.
Here, we study the temperature profile, pion spectra, and HBT radii in central, symmetric, and boost-invariant nuclear collisions, using a super hybrid model for heavy-ion collisions (SONIC), ...combining pre-equilibrium flow with viscous hydrodynamics and late-stage hadronic rescatterings. In particular, we simulate Pb + Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 2.76 TeV, Au + Au, Cu + Cu, Al + Al, and C + C collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV, and Au + Au and Cu + Cu collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 62.4 GeV. We find that SONIC provides a good match to the pion spectra and HBT radii for all collision systems and energies, confirming earlier work that a combination of pre-equilibrium flow, viscosity, and QCD equation of state can resolve the so-called HBT puzzle. For reference, we also show p + p collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV. We make tabulated data for the 2 + 1 dimensional temperature evolution of all systems publicly available for the use in future jet energy loss or similar studies.
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