A crystalline (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3 (NKN) phase was formed for a film grown at 600°C, but a K5.75Nb10.85O30 (KN) second phase was also observed in this film. Formation of the KN phase was due to the ...evaporation of Na2O. A homogeneous NKN phase was developed in the film grown at 300°C and annealed at 800°C under a Na2O atmosphere. This film exhibited the following good electric and dielectric properties: a high dielectric constant of 237.4 with a dissipation factor of 0.93% at 100 kHz, a low leakage current density of 1.0 x 10-8 A/cm^2 at 0.1 MV/cm^2, and the high Pr and d33 values of 21.1 µC/cm^2 and 64.5 pm/V, respectively. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
We explored the influences of hydrogen on small-scale strength of a linepipe steel through nanoindentation experiments with four pyramidal indenters. Interestingly, a transition from hydrogen-induced ...hardening to softening was observed as indenter sharpness increases. The transition was analyzed based on the enhancement in hydrogen's elastic shielding effects for a sharper indenter, which could be indirectly evidenced by the stress effects on indentation pile-up, dislocation density, and rate dependency of hardness.
•Observing stress-dependent hardening-to-softening transition of hydrogen effect.•Nanomechanical characterization of the hydrogen's elastic shielding effect.•Analyzing the hydrogen effects on indentation pile-up and strain-rate dependency.
Animal cell cultures generally require a nutrient-rich medium supplemented with animal serum. Adult bovine serum contains a variety of nutrients including inorganic minerals, vitamins, salts, ...proteins and lipids as well as growth factors that promote animal cell growth. To evaluate the potential use of gender-specific bovine serum (GSBS) for cell culture, the biochemical properties of male serum (MS), female serum (FS) and castrated-male serum (CMS) were investigated. Overall, the chemical profile of GSBS was similar to that of bovine references except for glucose, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and potassium. FS showed elevated total protein and sodium concentrations compared to MS and CMS. Proteins present in MS, FS and CMS but absent in fetal bovine serum (FBS) were selected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identified by peptide mass fingerprinting. Some of the identified proteins are known to be involved in immune responses and the others have unknown physiological roles. Moreover, it was found that some proteins such as alpha-2-macroglobulin appeared to be gender-specific with higher contents in FS. Insulin and testosterone was significantly higher in MS, and $17{\beta}$-estradiol and estrone were higher in FS, as compared to the other sera. Taken together, the results indicate that each GSBS has a different ratio of components. Differences in serum constituents may affect cell cultures in a different manner and could be beneficial, depending on the specific aim of cell cultures.
벼 microarray를 이용한 유전자발현 profiling 연구동향 윤웅한(Ung Han Yoon); 김연기(Yeon Ki Kim); 김창국(Chang Kug Kim) ...
Journal of plant biotechnology,
06/2010, Letnik:
37, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
As the International Rice Genome Sequencing Project (IRGSP) was completed in 2005 and opened to the public, many countries are making a lot of investments in researches on the utilization of sequence ...information along with system development. Also, the necessity of the functional genomics researches using microarray is increased currently to secure unique genes related with major agricultural traits and analyze metabolic pathways. Microrarray enables efficient analysis of large scale gene expression and related transcription regulation. This review aims to introduce available microarrays made based on rice genome information and current status of gene expression analysis using these microarrays integrated with the databases available to the public. Also, we introduce the researches on the large scale functional analysis of genes related with useful traits and genetic networks. Understanding of the mechanism related with mutual interaction between proteins with co-expression among rice genes can be utilized in the researches for improving major agricultural traits. The direct and indirect interactions of various genes would provide new functionality of rice. The recent results of the various expression profiling analysis in rice will promote functional genomic researches in plants including rice and provide the scientists involved in applications researches with wide variety of expression informations.
We examined the effects of trans-resveratrol on male reproductive functions; ex-vivo penile erection and in-vivo sperm counts and quality. For the ex-vivo study, the relaxation effects of resveratrol ...on isolated New Zealand white rabbit corpus cavernosum, precontracted by phenylephrine ($5{\times}10^{-5}\;M$) were measured. The in-vivo study measured reproductive organ weights, blood testosterone levels, testicular histopathology, sperm counts, as well as the epididymal sperm motility and deformity of male ICR mice given an oral dose of resveratrol (50 mg/kg) for 28 days. Resveratrol elicited a concentration-dependent relaxing effect on corpus cavernosum, leading to a median effective concentration ($EC_{50}$) of 0.29 mg/mL. Repeated treatment with resveratrol (50 mg/kg) did not cause an increase in body weight, reproductive organ weight or testicular microscopic findings; however, resveratrol did elicit an increase in blood testosterone concentration, testicular sperm counts and epididymal sperm motility by 51.6%, 15.8% and 23.3%, respectively, without influence on sperm deformity. In conclusion, we propose that resveratrol has a positive effect on male reproductive function by triggering a penile erection, as well as enhancing blood testosterone levels, testicular sperm counts, and epididymal sperm motility.
The interfacial layer formed during the soaking procedure of liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) growth and the heat-up procedure to the growth temperature of metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) was ...investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). A thin interfacial layer between an epitaxially grown GaInAsP layer and the concave region of the corrugated InP grating is formed in LPE growth using a GaAs cover crystal. The thickness of this interfacial InAsP layer in the concave region of corrugation is increased with increased AsH
3 partial pressure and heat-up time in MOVPE. The arsenic composition in the InAsP layer also increased with increased AsH
3 partial pressure. Dislocations and defects were not generated in LPE growth using a GaAs cover crystal and using an AsH
3 over pressure and heat-up procedure to the growth temperature in MOVPE.
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