The addition of vasoconstrictors for spinal anesthesia is controversial, since an increase in the incidence of transient neurologic symptoms (TNS) has been reported. A multicenter, randomized, ...double-blind study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of spinal anesthesia with phenylephrine in addition to tetracaine as well as the incidence of neurological complications. We studied 64 patients with comparable demographic characteristics who were scheduled for elective surgery for a lower limb, or a gynecological or urological procedure. The patients were allocated randomly into 2 groups. Group P (n = 34) received 0.5% tetracaine in 10% glucose with 0.025% phenylephrine, while group C (n = 30) received 0.5% tetracaine in 10% glucose. Our results showed that only 2 patients (6.7%) in group C experienced TNS, and their symptoms disappeared within 72 hr after anesthesia, while none of the patients (0%) in group P complained of symptoms. The incidence of TNS was thus not significantly different between the two groups. Six hours after the sensory block, group P patients demonstrated sensory disturbance, with the median spinal dermatome corresponding to the L1 segment. Moreover, systolic blood pressure in group P was significantly higher than that in group C, 5 min, 15 min, and 20 min after injection. The incidence of TNS in the present study does not seem to be greater after surgery with spinal anesthesia using 0.5% hyperbaric tetracaine and 0.5 mg phenylephrine than without phenylephrine. Randomized, double-blind, cross-over trials with a larger sample size would be required in the future to obtain more reliable results.
AIP Conf.Proc.904:245-256,2007 This work evaluates the model dependence of the electric and Coulomb
quadrupole amplitudes (E2, C2) in the predominantly M1 (magnetic dipole-quark
spin flip) gamma* N ...-> Delta transition. Both the model-to-model dependence and
the intrinsic model uncertainties are evaluated and found to be comparable to
each other and no larger than the experimental errors. It is confirmed that the
quadrupole amplitudes have been accurately measured indicating significant
non-zero angular momentum components in the proton and Delta.
Phys. Rev. C 96, 064905 (2017) We present measurements of the elliptic flow, $v_2$, as a function of
transverse momentum ($p_T$), pseudorapidity ($\eta$), and centrality in
$d$$+$Au collisions at ...$\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=$200, 62.4, 39, and 19.6 GeV. The
beam-energy scan of $d$$+$Au collisions provides a testing ground for the onset
of flow signatures in small collision systems. We measure a nonzero $v_2$
signal at all four collision energies, which, at midrapidity and low $p_T$, is
consistent with predictions from viscous hydrodynamic models. Comparisons with
calculations from parton transport models (based on the {\sc ampt} Monte Carlo
generator) show good agreement with the data at midrapidity to forward
($d$-going) rapidities and low $p_T$. At backward (Au-going) rapidities and
$p_T>1.5$ GeV/$c$, the data diverges from {\sc ampt} calculations of $v_2$
relative to the initial geometry, indicating the possible dominance of
nongeometry related correlations, referred to as nonflow. We also present
measurements of the charged-particle multiplicity ($dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$) as a
function of $\eta$ in central $d$$+$Au collisions at the same energies. We find
that in $d$$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=$200 GeV the $v_2$ scales with
$dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$ over all $\eta$ in the PHENIX acceptance. At
$\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=$62.4, and 39 GeV, $v_2$ scales with $dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$ at
midrapidity and forward rapidity, but falls off at backward rapidity. This
departure from the $dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$ scaling may be a further indication of
nonflow effects dominating at backward rapidity.
Studying spin-momentum correlations in hadronic collisions offers a glimpse into a three-dimensional picture of proton structure. The transverse single-spin asymmetry for midrapidity isolated direct ...photons in \(p^\uparrow+p\) collisions at \(\sqrt{s}=200\) GeV is measured with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Because direct photons in particular are produced from the hard scattering and do not interact via the strong force, this measurement is a clean probe of initial-state spin-momentum correlations inside the proton and is in particular sensitive to gluon interference effects within the proton. This is the first time direct photons have been used as a probe of spin-momentum correlations at RHIC. The uncertainties on the results are a fifty-fold improvement with respect to those of the one prior measurement for the same observable, from the Fermilab E704 experiment. These results constrain gluon spin-momentum correlations in transversely polarized protons.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 062302 (2018) Recently, multiparticle-correlation measurements of relativistic
$p/d/^3$He$+$Au, $p$$+$Pb, and even $p$$+$$p$ collisions have shown surprising
collective ...signatures. Here we present beam-energy-scan measurements of 2-, 4-,
and 6-particle angular correlations in $d$$+$Au collisions at
$\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$=200, 62.4, 39, and 19.6 GeV. We also present measurements of
2- and 4-particle angular correlations in $p$$+$Au collisions at
$\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$=200 GeV. We find the 4-particle cumulant to be real-valued
for $d$$+$Au collisions at all four energies. We also find that the 4-particle
cumulant in $p$$+$Au has the opposite sign as that in $d$$+$Au, indicating that
the correlations are geometrical and therefore collective in origin. Further we
find that the 6-particle cumulant agrees with the 4-particle cumulant in
$d$$+$Au collisions at 200 GeV, which indicates that nonflow effects are
subdominant and provides strong evidence of collectivity.
We report 3 diabetic patients who developed hemiballism without involvement of the subthalamic nucleus. Each patient exhibited vigorous, flinging, ballistic involuntary movements in the extremities ...and slight facial grimacing involving one side of the body. Although diabetes was poorly controlled in all 3, each patient was nonketotic at the onset of hemiballism. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in these patients showed abnormalities in the striatum contralateral to the hemiballism that were characterized by an increase in intensity on T1-weighted images and a slight decrease in intensity on T2-weighted images, and these changes persisted for more than 2 months. The striatal lesions are presumed to have developed following mild ischemia in the territory of the lateral striate branches of the middle cerebral artery. This combination of hemiballism and striatal lesions in diabetic patients may constitute a unique syndrome.
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