Around 10% of Parkinson's disease (PD) cases are associated with mutations in various genes, including FBXO7, which encodes the substrate-recognition component for the Skp1-Cullin-F-box (SCF) class ...of ubiquitin E3 ligases that target proteins for proteasomal degradation. In their recent study, Al Rawi et al. characterized a new mutation in FBXO7, L250P, in a pediatric patient. Their findings reveal that the L250P mutation abolishes Fbxo7 interaction with the proteasome regulator, proteasome inhibitor 31kD (PI31), affecting proteasomal activity and the ubiquitination of some of the ligase's targets. Furthermore, the authors show that this previously undescribed mutation impairs mitochondrial function and mitophagy, emphasizing the importance of mitochondrial and proteasomal dysfunction in PD pathogenesis.
This paper shows a study about nonattendance to medical appointments in the Colombian health system to determine which strategies have the greatest effect on the response variable (nonattendance) of ...scheduled medical appointments. Three factors were considered (calling the patient, reconfirming on the eve of the appointment, confirming understanding of the procedure), each with two or three levels randomly selected from a population. Two replicates were taken for each combination of treatments. The experimental runs were donerandomly to guarantee the absence of bias in data collection. With the above, a total of 180 experimental runs were carried out. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the population when they do not attend their medical appointments to propose a strategy that reduces this phenomenon. A design of experiments (DoE) was performed, specifically a completely randomized design (CRD) and a 3k factorial design
Society and, therefore, the university, as a public space, face the challenge of training a critical citizenry capable of confronting existing problems. The work we present here highlights the role ...played by university professors in this issue. By means of a multiple case study we delve into the conceptions of nine university teachers in training on their conceptions of citizenship, citizenship education and university. The approach to their conceptions allows us to establish a framework of interpretation that reflects different levels of progression in their conceptions, from simple to complex. The least elaborated conceptions correspond to a vision of citizenship of a legal nature, without explicit proposals on how to educate for citizenship and under a conception of a university whose purpose is to transmit contents. Those corresponding to more complex levels refer to a perception of citizenship of a democratic and transformative nature, where the key to educating citizenship is the introduction of controversial issues, under a conception of a university that is critical and connected to social reality. Between both extremes there are intermediate levels, as well as obstacles and facilitators that favor or impede the development of more complex conceptions. Their analysis is key to incorporating appropriate training strategies. The improvement of continuous teacher training in this area will have a direct impact on students’ citizenship skills.
In secondary education, the focus of history teaching must be on the development of global citizenship. The present research was a study contextualized in the Fiesta de la Historia Youth Congress in ...Seville (Spain). A documentary analysis with a descriptive and interpretive design was made of 63 projects of inquiry that pupils carried out. The main objectives were to assess the incidence of the proposal in terms of participation, and to determine whether the pupils’ projects followed a logic of inquiry about socially relevant problems which favors the construction of global citizenship. The results point to a low incidence of schools participating in this initiative. The projects of inquiry analyzed present, for the most part, themes related to the historical and social heritage of the locality. The proposals are approached as problems of a specific discipline and are worked on through a method based on a pseudoscientific research process. The findings indicate the need to continue implementing initiatives based on school inquiry that allow the teaching of history to be articulated around relevant social problems, with the objective being to develop citizenship skills.
We live in a global society in which conflicts arise from the non-acceptance of existing diversity. To achieve more inclusive and fair societies, it is necessary that education and, specifically, ...Social Sciences, attend to the development of identities from the school itself. We present a qualitative case study with Primary Education teachers in initial training at two Spanish universities: the Autonomous University of Barcelona and the University of Seville. By means of a questionnaire with open and closed questions, we explored the representations of future teachers on the construction of their identity, as well as their practical perspectives on the approach to identities in the primary classroom. Quantitative and qualitative techniques were used for data analysis. The most relevant results of the study indicate that in the two cases analyzed the students have a mixed perspective on the construction of their identities, in which the elements linked to local, social, and linguistic contexts are more important. In relation to the approach to identities in the classroom, there are some differences and similarities between the groups that make us reflect on the need to promote a model of initial training that links the teaching of identities not only with knowledge of our present and past, but also with social transformation and the future.
La gamificación es una metodología vinculada con las enseñanzas activas. Debido a su impacto en los últimos años en la educación superior creemos necesario analizar la percepción de los estudiantes ...universitarios frente a estas metodologías. El objetivo de este trabajo es el diseño y validación de un instrumento que cubra esta necesidad. Se ha construido un cuestionario de escala Likert en el que se abordan diferentes categorías relacionadas con el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. El proceso de diseño y validación ha sido el siguiente: primera fase de validación de expertos de diferentes áreas y universidades, segunda fase de prueba piloto con 160 alumnos a la que se le realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio cuyos resultados generaron un proceso de adaptación y mejora del constructo con una tercera versión tras el análisis; tercera fase con un nuevo análisis factorial exploratorio en una muestra de 416 alumnos. Los resultados han permitido validar el constructo del cuestionario en cuanto a consistencia interna e interrelación de sus elementos y la detección de factores que miden principalmente el grado de aceptación de la inserción de metodologías lúdicas y las opiniones del alumnado frente a elementos del modelo tradicional de enseñanza. La cuarta fase ha sido la aplicación de un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) a las categorías de mayor relevancia generando un instrumento que se adapta a un modelo teórico. Las conclusiones señalan que existe una inclinación de los estudiantes por la introducción de estrategias lúdicas complementando elementos más tradicionales en la docencia.
Introducción: Estudios previos han demostrado el papel determinante de las prácticas parentales sobre el uso proble- mático de Internet (UPI) pero se desconoce qué variables familiares específicas ...están asociadas al UPI en muestras clínicas. Además, existe poca concordancia entre la percepción de padres e hijos sobre las variables de crianza familiar y de uso de Internet. Por este motivo, en este estudio se analiza la relación entre el UPI y las prácticas parentales en una muestra clínica, controlando los problemas de conducta y la personalidad de los adolescentes, y se examina la concordancia a través de correlación intraclase entre las percepciones de padres e hijos en estas variables. Método: Se cuenta con una muestra de 92 adolescentes de dos centros de salud mental infanto-juvenil. Resultados: Se en- cuentra que las prácticas de disciplina inconsistente y baja implicación parental son predictoras de UPI. Además, la concordancia encontrada entre padres e hijos es moderada-baja, tanto en las prácticas parentales percibidas como en el UPI. Discusión: Este estudio permite determinar la importancia de las prácticas parentales en el UPI de los ado- lescentes que acuden a centros de salud mental, así como la necesidad de realizar una evaluación exhaustiva más allá de los autoinformes, dada la baja concordancia entre padres e hijos.
La formación de maestros requiere enfrentarlos a retos que les permitan desarrollar competencias sociales y tecnológicas para su futura profesión. Este artículo se propone conocer los problemas ...sociales que los maestros visibilizan a través de Twitter y los argumentos didácticos que ofrecen para trabajarlos en el aula. Adicionalmente, se han investigado las fuentes digitales utilizadas. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 574 estudiantes del grado de Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Sevilla. La investigación se ha realizado en tres fases, con dos codificaciones: en abierto y axial, siguiendo la teoría fundamentada. Del análisis resultaron visibilizados 19 problemas, 4 niveles de complejidad de argumentos didácticos y 12 fuentes de información más frecuentes. Los hallazgos muestran la necesidad de promover competencias para mejorar la filtración crítica de información obtenida de medios digitales y la visibilización de problemas sociales potencialmente didácticos. Las conclusiones resaltan la viabilidad de estas actividades para fomentar los medios sociales como herramientas en la elaboración de conocimiento didáctico.
All metazoans depend on the consumption of O
by the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) to produce energy. In addition, the OXPHOS uses O
to produce reactive oxygen species that ...can drive cell adaptations
, a phenomenon that occurs in hypoxia
and whose precise mechanism remains unknown. Ca
is the best known ion that acts as a second messenger
, yet the role ascribed to Na
is to serve as a mere mediator of membrane potential
. Here we show that Na
acts as a second messenger that regulates OXPHOS function and the production of reactive oxygen species by modulating the fluidity of the inner mitochondrial membrane. A conformational shift in mitochondrial complex I during acute hypoxia
drives acidification of the matrix and the release of free Ca
from calcium phosphate (CaP) precipitates. The concomitant activation of the mitochondrial Na
/Ca
exchanger promotes the import of Na
into the matrix. Na
interacts with phospholipids, reducing inner mitochondrial membrane fluidity and the mobility of free ubiquinone between complex II and complex III, but not inside supercomplexes. As a consequence, superoxide is produced at complex III. The inhibition of Na
import through the Na
/Ca
exchanger is sufficient to block this pathway, preventing adaptation to hypoxia. These results reveal that Na
controls OXPHOS function and redox signalling through an unexpected interaction with phospholipids, with profound consequences for cellular metabolism.
Introduction: This research is motivated, by the current world situation, caused by the pandemic declared by the WHO before the spread and severity of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), notified for ...the first time in Wuhan (China) on December 31 of 2019. Through mathematical and statistical analysis, it seeks to show and explain in an expeditious manner, the causes for which there is a higher rate of contagion and lethality due to the virus, in different countries, taking into consideration patterns associated with social political behavior and economic, as a first approach to knowing statistics that allow generating forecasts for future periods, given the conditions.
Objective: The main objective of this work is to define the correlation of the economic, social and demographic variables of the countries of America, with respect to the contagion of the virus, proposing a forecast model on the level of contagion in each cluster proposed by the different regions of the American continent. Methodology: The study performs clustering (grouping) of the countries of America with respect to their geographical position North America, Central America and the Caribbean islands and South America, followed by a search for statistical data on social, economic and demographic indicators of the countries of America in recent years and statistics of levels of contagion of COVID 19 in sources such as international organizations regulating health issues. Next, a characterization and correlation of the collected data was carried out, to finally, based on the results of the correlation, make a forecast of the level of contagion that would be reached by each of the regions. Results: The purpose of this document is to provide information on the countries of North America, Latin America and the Caribbean with respect to the analysis of mortality from COVID-19, through methods of analysis of mortality from all causes as one of the approaches proposed to contribute to the assessment of the true magnitude of the burden of the COVID-19 epidemic in these countries.
Conclusions: The results show interesting information, since the Latin American curve turned out to be much less pronounced than that of the United States, in terms of contagion and deaths, despite the socio-demographic conditions, economic, technological and political opportunities. This analysis invites us to find out which are those correlations that directly impact the behavior of infections, taking into account variables such as age, gender, stratum, level of education, and other sociodemographic characteristics that may influence the spread or containment of the virus. Future research: It is proposed to study the correlation between race, sex, region and age vs levels of COVID 19 contagion in the Colombian context and the application of more robust statistical tools to develop models that allow correlation of variables and define possible level scenarios contagion, in addition to conducting a correlation study of economic and socio-demographic variables with respect to other diseases such as zika and dengue
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