The chemical composition of foraminiferal calcite is widely used for studying past environmental conditions and biogeochemistry. However, high rates of microbial organic matter degradation and ...abundant dissolved metal sources in sediments and pore waters may impede the application of foraminifera-based proxies due to formation of secondary carbonates or other authigenic minerals on and/or inside of foraminiferal tests. Secondary carbonate precipitation severely alters the bulk foraminiferal geochemistry and can be difficult to eliminate through standard foraminiferal trace element cleaning procedures. We present results showing the mineral composition and formation sequence of diagenetic coatings on foraminiferal tests formed under extreme anoxic conditions in the Baltic Sea's deepest basin (the Landsort Deep, IODP Exp. 347, Site M0063). Our study focuses primarily on the diagenetic carbonates present on and in the tests of the low-oxygen tolerant benthic foraminiferal species Elphidium selseyensis and Elphidium clavatum. We applied various geochemical and imaging methods to ascertain the diagenesis processes and the authigenic mineral formation sequence on foraminifera. The authigenic carbonates were enriched in Mn, Mg, Fe and Ba, depending on the environmental redox conditions when the authigenic carbonates were precipitated. Concentrations of redox-sensitive elements such as Mn and Fe were particularly elevated in bottom waters and sedimentary pore waters under oxygen-depleted conditions in the Landsort Deep, resulting in formation of carbonates with highly elevated Mn and Fe contents. In addition to Mn- and Fe carbonates, several other types of authigenic minerals also formed on and in the foraminiferal chambers, including authigenic calcite, and non-carbonate accessory minerals. The formation sequence reveals the redox sensitivities of different elements and the preferential sequence of oxidants used by the microbes during organic matter oxidation and secondary redox reactions. This study provides a case study of extreme early diagenesis of foraminiferal calcite and may serve as a valuable guide when interpreting foraminiferal trace element records from low oxygen environments.
For an earthquake with along‐dip rupture, there is opposite directivity effects on downgoing direct P wave and upgoing depth phases (pP and sP), and this can be exploited for resolving fault plane ...and rupture direction. We propose a method to calculate the reduced finite source synthetics for teleseismic P wave and determine the rupture directivity via waveform fitting. We verified the effectiveness of this method with forward tests and investigated its robustness against station selection, uncertainties in point source parameters, and uncertainties in source finiteness parameters. We applied this method to the 2011 Mw5.8 Virginia earthquake, the 2008 Mw6.0 Nevada earthquake, and six other dip‐slip earthquakes. For most cases, we obtained rupture directivity results consistent with previous studies, but the method could fail for along‐strike ruptures and very shallow earthquakes. Our method may help mitigate earthquake hazard by improving shake map with rapid rupture directivity analysis.
Key Points
We propose a method to resolve rupture directivity for moderate dip‐slip earthquakes rapidly via waveform fitting for teleseismic P waves
Synthetic P waves are partitioned into upgoing/downgoing portions, which are sensitive to along‐dip directivity
Application of the algorithm to eight M5.8–6.6 earthquakes yields rupture directivity results consistent with other studies for most cases
A cell line derived from the head kidney of golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus (TOHK) was established and characterized in this study. The TOHK cells grew most rapidly at 28° C and the optimum foetal ...bovine serum concentration in L‐15 medium was 10%. The TOHK cells have a diploid chromosome number of 2N = 54. The transfection efficiency of TOHK cells was 7·5% at the 15th passage and 72% at the 40th passage. The transfection efficiency in TOHK cells was high, so these cells are suitable for foreign gene expression. The cytotoxic effects of heavy metals and extracellular products from Vibrio anguillarum and Vibrio alginolyticus were demonstrated in TOHK cells, so this TOHK cell line could also be applied in environmental monitoring of heavy metals and pathogenic bacteria. TOHK cell line showed high virus susceptibility, such as grouper nervous necrosis virus (GNNV) and Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV). Then, TOHK cell line could be used for the study of viral pathogenesis and the development of antiviral strategies.
Abstract
Strawberries are popular fruits and have high economic value. The nutritional content of strawberries is quite high but very easily damaged. One step to maintain the quality and extend the ...self-life of strawberry fruit is using edible coating. The Edible coating is primary packaging base on an edible material and can protect product from the environmental impact. Aloe gel is one of the ordinary components that can be formulated into edible coating. Aloe gel contains Glucomannan which is capable of forming cross linking with other ingredients, thus functioning as a barrier to mass transfer. The purpose of research is determining the length of immersion in the edible coating of aloe gel and storage time in cold temperatures to the quality of strawberry fruit. The study uses a factorial complete randomized design and two repeats. The first factor is immersion time of strawberry into Aloe gel (1, 2, and 3 minutes). The second factor is storage time of Strawberry fruit (1, 3 and 6 days). The best research results are 1minute immersion time and 3day storage. The quality of strawberry fruit include texture 3.95%, pH 3.39, total dissolved solids 4.00 ☐brix, water content 94.36%, and vitamin C 41.29 mg/100gr.
Individual differences in the Consideration of Future Consequences (CFC) are typically assessed using the 12-item scale developed by
Strathman, Gleicher, Boninger, and Edwards (1994). However, in ...contrast to the unidimensional model proposed by the scale developers, recent factor analyses have produced two-dimensional models of the scale. Confirmatory factor analyses were used in this study to evaluate different 1- and 2-factor models based on data provided by 590 (236 males, 354 females) young adult members of the general public. Although some alternative models showed promise, the 12-item single factor model with method effects associated with positively and negatively worded items provided best fit. Implications for the assessment of CFC are considered.
Testes-specific protease 50 (TSP50), a novelly identified oncogene, has the capacity to induce cell proliferation, cell invasion and tumor growth. Further studies indicated that CAGA-luc (an ...activin-responsive reporter construct) reporter activity could be significantly suppressed by TSP50 overexpression, implying that the activin signaling may participate in TSP50-mediated cell proliferation. Here, we reported that TSP50 had an inhibitory effect on activin signaling. Mechanistic studies revealed that TSP50 could interact with ActRIIA, inhibit activin typeIreceptor (ActRIB) phosphorylation, repress Smad2/3 nuclear accumulation and finally promote cell proliferation by reducing the expression of activin signal target gene p27. Additionally, we found that ActRIB activation could reverse TSP50-mediated cell proliferation and tumor growth. Furthermore, analysis of human breast cancer specimens by immunohistochemistry indicated that TSP50 expression was negatively related to p-Smad2/3 and p27 protein levels. Most importantly, breast cancer diagnosis-related indicators such as tumor size, tumor grade, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) levels, were correlated well with TSP50/p-Samd2/3 and TSP50/p27 expression status. Thus, our studies revealed a novel regulatory mechanism underlying TSP50-induced cell proliferation and provided a new favorable intervention target for the treatment of breast cancer.
To investigate the clinicopathological features of colorectal adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (CAED).
Eight cases of CAED diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, Fudan University ...Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China from January 2017 to August 2023 were collected. The histopathological, immunohistochemical, molecular and prognostic features of 8 CAED cases were analyzed. The relevant studies were also reviewed.
Among the eight patients, there were six males and two females, with an average age of 58 years (range: 29-77 years, median age: 61.5 years). Preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein levels were elevated in five patients (14.0-286.6 μg/L). Four tumors were located in the colon, and four tumors in the rectum. Two patients were clinically staged as advanced stage (stage Ⅳ), and distant metastasis occurred at the initial diagnosis (one case had liver metastasis, and the other had lung, bone and multiple lymph nodes metastases). Six patients were clinically staged as locally-advanced sta
Patients with psoriasis are frequently using sunbeds Flynn, A.; Ni Raghallaigh, S.; Impey, K. ...
Clinical and experimental dermatology,
June 2018, 2018-Jun, 2018-06-00, 20180601, Letnik:
43, Številka:
4
Journal Article
A finite element model was developed to simulate the crane induced vibration on the floor of high-tech factories, in which the mesh include beam, plate, spring-damper, and moving wheel elements. The ...finite element results were first compared with the experimental measurements in good agreement. The parametric studies were then performed to study the vibration behavior of high-tech factories due to the effects of rail irregularities, slab depth, and crane speed. The rail irregularities induce the vibration of the crane and slab at their natural frequencies, and both rail irregularities and the crane acceleration induce the crane rotation in its natural frequency, so that smoothing the wheel and rail should be the first priority to decrease slab vibration. The crane speed is another important issue to influence slab vibration, which decreases with the reduction of the crane speed clearly from the parametric study. Thus, decreasing the crane speed to reduce slab vibration is an alternative, and experiments are caused to find the optimal crane speed and acceleration. The crane induced vibration is the relatively largest and smallest at the column location and beam center, respectively. Therefore, increasing the slab and beam depth to decrease the slab vibration induced by the moving crane is an additional option.
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