Although both localized nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and non-localized nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) generate the same information, i.e., spectra generated by various ...groups from the structure of metabolites, they are rarely employed in the same study or by the same research group. As our review reveals, these techniques have never been applied in the same study of methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), propionic acidemia (PA) or vitamin B
deficiency patients. On the other hand, MRS and NMR provide complementary information which is very valuable in the assessment of the severity of disease and efficiency of its treatment. Thus, MRS provides intracellular metabolic information from localized regions of the brain, while NMR provides extracellular metabolic information from biological fluids like urine, blood or cerebrospinal fluid. This paper presents an up-to-date review of the NMR and MRS studies reported to date for methylmalonic and propionic acidemias. Vitamin B
deficiency, although in most of its cases not inherited, shares similarities in its metabolic effects with MMA and it is also covered in this review.
The paper aims to investigate the antitumor activity of a series of phenothiazine derivatives in order to establish a structure-antitumor activity relationship. To this end, PEGylated and TEGylated ...phenothiazine have been functionalized with formyl units and further with sulfonamide units via dynamic imine bonds. Their antitumor activity was monitored in vitro against seven human tumors cell lines and a mouse one compared to a human normal cell line by MTS assay. In order to find the potential influence of different building blocks on antitumor activity, the antioxidant activity, the ability to inhibit farnesyltransferase and the capacity to bind amino acids relevant for tumor cell growth were investigated as well. It was established that different building blocks conferred different functionalities, inducing specific antitumor activity against the tumor cells.
Novel fluorescent strigolactone derivatives that contain the piperidine-substituted 1,8-naphthalimide ring system connected through an ether link to a bioactive 3-methyl-furan-2-one unit were ...synthesized and their spectroscopic properties investigated. The solvatochromic behavior of these piperidine-naphthalimides was monitored in solvents of different polarity using the electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra. These compounds exhibited a strong positive solvatochromism taking into account the change of solvent polarity, and the response mechanism was analyzed by fluorescence lifetime measurements. According to Catalan and f(n), f(ε), β, α solvent scales, the dipolarity and polarizability are relevant to describe the solute-solvent interactions. The emission chemosensing activity was discussed in order to determine the water content in organic environments. The emission intensity of these compounds decreased rapidly in dioxane, increasing water level up to 10%. Measuring of quantum yield indicated that the highest values of quantum efficiency were obtained in nonpolar solvents, while in polar solvents these derivatives revealed the lowest quantum yield. The fluorescence decay can be described by a monoexponential model for low water levels, and for higher water contents a biexponential model was valid.
The specific features of the siloxane bond unify the compounds based on it into a class with its own chemistry and unique combinations of chemical and physical properties. An illustration of their ...chemical peculiarity is the behavior of 1,3-bis(2-aminoethylaminomethyl)tetramethyldisiloxane (AEAMDS) in the reaction with carbonyl compounds and metal salts, by which we obtain the metal complexes of the corresponding Schiff bases formed in situ. Depending on the reaction conditions, the fragmentation of this compound takes place at the siloxane bond, but, in most cases, it is in the organic moieties in the
position with respect to the silicon atom. The main compounds that were formed based on the moieties resulting from the splitting of this diamine were isolated and characterized from a structural point of view. Depending on the presence or not of the metal salt in the reaction mixture, these are metal complexes with organic ligands (either dangling or not dangling silanol tails), or organic compounds. Through theoretical calculations, electrons that appear in the structure of the siloxane bond in different contexts and that lead to such fragmentations have been assessed.
Strigolactones (SLs) have potential to be used in sustainable agriculture to mitigate various stresses that plants have to deal with. The natural SLs, as well as the synthetic analogs, are difficult ...to obtain in sufficient amounts for practical applications. At the same time, fluorescent SLs would be useful for the mechanistic understanding of their effects based on bio-imaging or spectroscopic techniques. In this study, new fluorescent SL mimics containing a substituted 1,8-naphthalimide ring system connected through an ether link to a bioactive furan-2-one moiety were prepared. The structural, spectroscopic, and biological activity of the new SL mimics on phytopathogens were investigated and compared with previously synthetized fluorescent SL mimics. The chemical group at the C-6 position of the naphthalimide ring influences the fluorescence parameters. All SL mimics showed effects similar to GR24 on phytopathogens, indicating their suitability for practical applications. The pattern of the biological activity depended on the fungal species, SL mimic and concentration, and hyphal order. This dependence is probably related to the specificity of each fungal receptor-SL mimic interaction, which will have to be analyzed in-depth. Based on the biological properties and spectroscopic particularities, one SL mimic could be a good candidate for microscopic and spectroscopic investigations.
6-Iodo-substituted carboxy-quinolines were obtained using a one-pot, three-component method with trifluoroacetic acid as a catalyst under acidic conditions. Iodo-aniline, pyruvic acid and 22 ...phenyl-substituted aldehydes (we varied the type and number of radicals) or O-heterocycles, resulting in different electronic effects, were the starting components. This approach offers advantages such as rapid response times, cost-effective catalysts, high product yields and efficient purification procedures. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to examine the impact of aldehyde structure on the synthesis pathway. A library of compounds was obtained and characterized by FT-IR, MS,
H NMR and
C NMR spectroscopy and single-ray crystal diffractometry. Their antimicrobial activity against
,
and
was tested in vitro. The effect of iodo-quinoline derivatives on microbial adhesion, the initial stage of microbial biofilm development, was also investigated. This study suggests that carboxy-quinoline derivatives bearing an iodine atom are interesting scaffolds for the development of novel antimicrobial agents.
Mesitylene was used as a core in seven new tritopic nitrogen containing linkers. Three of the linkers, each containing three nitrile groups, were obtained through Suzuki, Sonogashira and Heck-type ...coupling reactions. Next, these were converted to tetrazol-5-yl moieties by the cycloaddition of sodium azide to the nitrile functionalities. The last linker, containing three 1,2,3-triazol-4-yl moieties, was synthesized by the Huisgen cycloaddition of phenyl azide to the corresponding alkyne. The latter was obtained via a Corey–Fuchs reaction sequence from the previously reported formyl derivative. As the proof of concept for their potential in MOF design, one of the nitriles was used to build an Ag-based network.
Several new benzimidazolium salts have been synthesized and fully characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. The benzimidazolium salts occur as intermediates in various 1,3-dipolar ...cycloadditions and they are also useful as starting materials in such cycloadditions.
Graphic abstract
Display omitted
A convenient synthesis and a full characterization of imidazole- and benzimidazole-biphenyl-carboxylic acid ligands and two zinc coordination polymers are presented. The crystal ...structure of two precursors 1-(4-iodo-phenyl)-1H-imidazole (1), 1-(4-iodophenyl)-1H-benzodimidazole (2), of 4′-(1H-benzodimidazol-1-yl)biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid (HL2), as bimodal linker and of two coordination polymers Zn(L1)2 and Zn2(L2)2(Ac)2, have been determined by X-ray crystallography. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit a supramolecular crystal structure consolidated by a system of π-π and C-H⋯π interactions, respectively. The Zn atoms of the same absolute configuration in Zn(L1)2 and Zn2(L2)2(Ac)2 are assembled into a homochiral two-dimensional (4, 2) coordination network and a one-dimensional coordination polymeric double strand, respectively.
The paper reports on monitoring methylmalonic aciduria (MMA)-specific and non-specific metabolites via NMR urinomics. Five patients have been monitored over periods of time; things involved were ...diet, medication and occasional episodes of failing to comply with prescribed diets. An extended dataset of targeted metabolites is presented, and correlations with the type of MMA are underlined. A survey of previous NMR studies on MMA is also presented.
PDF
