Collagen organization plays an important role in maintaining structural integrity and determining tissue function. Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PSOCT) is a promising ...noninvasive three-dimensional imaging tool for mapping collagen organization in vivo. While PSOCT systems with multiple polarization inputs have demonstrated the ability to visualize depth-resolved collagen organization, systems, which use a single input polarization state have not yet demonstrated sufficient reconstruction quality. Herein we describe a PSOCT based polarization state transmission model that reveals the depth-dependent polarization state evolution of light backscattered within a birefringent sample. Based on this model, we propose a polarization state tracing method that relies on a discrete differential geometric analysis of the evolution of the polarization state in depth along the Poincare sphere for depth-resolved birefringent imaging using only one single input polarization state. We demonstrate the ability of this method to visualize depth-resolved myocardial architecture in both healthy and infarcted rodent hearts (ex vivo) and collagen structures responsible for skin tension lines at various anatomical locations on the face of a healthy human volunteer (in vivo).
We present a complementary report of a 38-year-old XY intersex female with frontal mucopyocele developing 5 years after frontal setback for gender-affirming surgery to supplement recent report by ...Brown et al: Frontal Osteomyelitis and Sinusitis Complication After Type III Frontal Bone Cranioplasty for Facial Feminization by Brown et al.
Orbital floor (OF) fractures accompany all zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures, but guidelines for repair of OF fractures in this setting are unclear.
To compare ophthalmologic outcomes of ...ZMC repair with and without concurrent OF repair.
We retrospectively reviewed patients undergoing ZMC fracture repair with and without OF repair between 2016 and 2018. Patients were reviewed for demographics, preinjury characteristics, and ophthalmologic outcomes.
Of 61 total patients, 32 underwent concomitant OF repair while the remaining 29 underwent ZMC repair alone. The OF repair group had increased OF fracture size, displacement in the coronal plane, and malar eminence displacement (
< 0.05). Eight patients in the OF repair group had postoperative diplopia compared with no patients in the group without OF repair (
< 0.05).
Retrospective analysis of ZMC fracture repair without and with OF repair did not reveal a significant difference in short-term ophthalmologic outcomes while controlling for fracture size.
To investigate the impacts of the shelter-in-place orders on the injury patterns among children with craniofacial trauma.
Pediatric (<18 years old) craniofacial trauma cases presenting to a regional ...level I trauma center 1 year before and after the initiation of Washington's shelter-in-place order were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and injury-related variables were recorded, and bivariate and logistic regression analyses were computed.
One hundred nineteen children were evaluated over 2-year period (46 pre- and 73 post-shelter-in-place and were comparable in age, gender, and ethnicity (
≥ 0.17)). The distribution of injury mechanisms between pre- and post-shelter-in-place were significantly different (
= 0.02), with the largest proportional increase in falls (10.5%) and had higher rates of associated brain injury (
≤ 0.02). After adjusting for effect modifiers and confounders, children presenting during the post-shelter-in-place period were more likely to have associated brain injuries (odds ratio 3.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.11-10.6,
= 0.03).
Among pediatric craniofacial injury cases, the shelter-in-place order was associated with a higher likelihood of brain injury and significant changes in injury mechanisms, with a higher proportion of falls.
Abstract
Facial soft tissue injuries encompass a broad spectrum of presentations and often present significant challenges to the craniofacial surgeon. A thorough and systematic approach to these ...patients is critical to ensure that the patient is stabilized, other injuries identified, and the full extent of the injuries are assessed. Initial management focuses on wound cleaning with irrigation, hemostasis, and debridement of nonviable tissue. Definitive management is dependent on the region of the face involved with special considerations for critical structures such as the globe, lacrimal apparatus, facial nerve, and parotid duct. Following sound surgical principles, these injuries can be managed to maximize both functional and aesthetic outcomes while minimizing complications.
Correction of Nasal Fractures Lu, G Nina; Humphrey, Clinton D; Kriet, J David
Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
25, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Nasal fractures are the most frequently fractured facial bone from blunt facial trauma resulting in a significant number of patients seeking treatment. Proper evaluation and treatment in the acute ...setting can minimize secondary surgeries, lower overall health care costs, and increase patient satisfaction. Nasal fracture management, however, varies widely between surgeons. The open treatment of isolated nasal fractures is a particularly controversial subject. This review seeks to describe the existing literature in isolated nasal fracture management.
Nasal septal perforations can cause issues of epistaxis, whistling, crusting, saddle deformity, and obstruction, which motivate patients to seek surgical repair. Numerous methods of septal ...perforation repair have been described, with surgical success rates ranging from 52% to 100%, but few studies address situations with concomitant septal deviation. In treating patients with septal perforation and deviation, both issues should be addressed for optimal outcomes. While routine septoplasty involves the removal of septal cartilage, septal perforation repair involves the addition of interposition grafts. The composite chondromucosal septal rotation flap harmoniously combines these seemingly conflicting goals as an effective and efficient technique for septal perforation repair. We present 3 patients successfully treated for their septal perforation and septal deviation concurrently with this technique.
While a rare ophthalmic pathogen, infections from
spp. are increasingly identified and have been associated with catastrophic vision loss. In this case report we present a previously undescribed ...manifestation of the melanin-producing fungus
to the lower eyelid, establish an effective treatment, and review related cases. Previous cases of ophthalmic
were confined to the cornea and included iatrogenic tissue trauma. This case shares neither associations however includes a remote SJS history that likely led to changes in conjunctival tissue integrity. Previous cases of
spp. infecting the eyelid both included surgical source control and adjuvant antibiotic. In this case, topical therapy was deferred due to SJS-related ocular cicatricial disease. Fortunately, a full resolution was achieved with surgical resection and oral antifungal treatment.
While a rare periorbital finding, the aesthetic practice of gold threading is increasingly identified in Western care setting and may be misidentified as the practice of inserting charm needles ...(susuk). The authors present a unique case of gold threading discovered incidentally during workup of chronic sinusitis and report a rarely seen delayed local site reaction. The practice of gold threading and mimickers including the practice of inserting charm needles (susuk) are reviewed with emphasis on clinical and radiographic differentiation by oculoplastic surgeons.
Free flap (FF) reconstruction of traumatic injuries to the head and neck is uncommon.BACKGROUNDFree flap (FF) reconstruction of traumatic injuries to the head and neck is uncommon.Multi-institutional ...retrospective case series of patients undergoing FF reconstruction for a traumatic injury (n = 103).METHODSMulti-institutional retrospective case series of patients undergoing FF reconstruction for a traumatic injury (n = 103).Majority were gunshot wounds (GSW; 85%, n = 88) and motor vehicle accidents (11%, n = 11). Majority underwent osseous reconstruction (82%, n = 84). FF failures (9%, n = 9/103) occurred in GSW patients (100%, n = 9/9) and when multiple subsites were injured (89%, n = 8/9). Preoperative antibiotics correlated with lower rates of a neck washouts (4% vs. 19%) (p = 0.01) and 30-day readmissions (4% vs. 17%) (p = 0.02).RESULTSMajority were gunshot wounds (GSW; 85%, n = 88) and motor vehicle accidents (11%, n = 11). Majority underwent osseous reconstruction (82%, n = 84). FF failures (9%, n = 9/103) occurred in GSW patients (100%, n = 9/9) and when multiple subsites were injured (89%, n = 8/9). Preoperative antibiotics correlated with lower rates of a neck washouts (4% vs. 19%) (p = 0.01) and 30-day readmissions (4% vs. 17%) (p = 0.02).All FF failures occurred in the setting of a GSW and the majority involved multiple subsites. Preoperative antibiotics correlated with lower rates of postoperative washout procedures and 30-day readmission.CONCLUSIONSAll FF failures occurred in the setting of a GSW and the majority involved multiple subsites. Preoperative antibiotics correlated with lower rates of postoperative washout procedures and 30-day readmission.
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