Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia: Banksiophoma australiensis (incl. Banksiophoma gen. nov.) on Banksia coccinea, ...Davidiellomyces australiensis (incl. Davidiellomyces
gen. nov.) on Cyperaceae, Didymocyrtis banksiae on Banksia sessilis var. cygnorum, Disculoides calophyllae on Corymbia calophylla, Harknessia banksiae on Banksia sessilis, Harknessia banksiae-repens on Banksia repens,
Harknessia banksiigena on Banksia sessilis var. cygnorum, Harknessia communis on Podocarpus sp., Harknessia platyphyllae on Eucalyptus platyphylla, Myrtacremonium eucalypti (incl. Myrtacremonium gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus
globulus, Myrtapenidiella balenae on Eucalyptus sp., Myrtapenidiella eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus sp., Myrtapenidiella pleurocarpae on Eucalyptus pleurocarpa, Paraconiothyrium hakeae on Hakea sp., Paraphaeosphaeria xanthorrhoeae
on Xanthorrhoea sp., Parateratosphaeria stirlingiae on Stirlingia sp., Perthomyces podocarpi (incl. Perthomyces gen. nov.) on Podocarpus sp., Readeriella ellipsoidea on Eucalyptus sp., Rosellinia australiensis on Banksia grandis,
Tiarosporella corymbiae on Corymbia calophylla, Verrucoconiothyrium eucalyptigenum on Eucalyptus sp., Zasmidium commune on Xanthorrhoea sp., and Zasmidium podocarpi on Podocarpus sp. Brazil: Cyathus aurantogriseocarpus
on decaying wood, Perenniporia brasiliensis on decayed wood, Perenniporia paraguyanensis on decayed wood, and Pseudocercospora leandrae-fragilis on Leandra fragilis. Chile: Phialocephala cladophialophoroides on human toe nail. Costa Rica:
Psathyrella striatoannulata from soil. Czech Republic: Myotisia cremea (incl. Myotisia gen. nov.) on bat droppings. Ecuador: Humidicutis dictiocephala from soil, Hygrocybe macrosiparia from soil, Hygrocybe sangayensis from soil, and
Polycephalomyces onorei on stem of Etlingera sp. France: Westerdykella centenaria from soil. Hungary: Tuber magentipunctatum from soil. India: Ganoderma mizoramense on decaying wood, Hodophilus indicus from soil, Keratinophyton
turgidum in soil, and Russula arunii on Pterigota alata. Italy: Rhodocybe matesina from soil. Malaysia: Apoharknessia eucalyptorum, Harknessia malayensis, Harknessia pellitae, and Peyronellaea eucalypti on Eucalyptus
pellita, Lectera capsici on Capsicum annuum, and Wallrothiella gmelinae on Gmelina arborea. Morocco: Neocordana musigena on Musa sp. New Zealand: Candida rongomai-pounamu on agaric mushroom surface, Candida vespimorsuum
on cup fungus surface, Cylindrocladiella vitis on Vitis vinifera, Foliocryphia eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus sp., Ramularia vacciniicola on Vaccinium sp., and Rhodotorula ngohengohe on bird feather surface. Poland: Tolypocladium
fumosum on a caterpillar case of unidentified Lepidoptera. Russia: Pholiotina longistipitata among moss. Spain: Coprinopsis pseudomarcescibilis from soil, Eremiomyces innocentii from soil, Gyroporus pseudocyanescens in humus, Inocybe
parvicystis in humus, and Penicillium parvofructum from soil. Unknown origin: Paraphoma rhaphiolepidis on Rhaphiolepsis indica. USA: Acidiella americana from wall of a cooling tower, Neodactylaria obpyriformis (incl. Neodactylaria
gen. nov.) from human bronchoalveolar lavage, and Saksenaea loutrophoriformis from human eye. Vietnam: Phytophthora mekongensis from Citrus grandis, and Phytophthora prodigiosa from Citrus grandis. Morphological and culture characteristics
along with DNA barcodes are provided.
The objective of our study was to assess the DiversiLab® automated repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) system for typing C. albicans and C. glabrata isolates and to compare it with two proven and ...routinely used typing methods. A total of 39 isolates from 11 patients with candidaemia or tissue candidiasis (two to six isolates per patient) were analyzed with three typing methods: DiversiLab® rep-PCR, multilocus sequence typing and multilocus microsatellite typing. DiversiLab® rep-PCR results were consistent with those obtained using the two other typing methods for C. albicans, but not for C. glabrata. Thanks to its simplicity of use, rapidity, standardization and reproducibility, the DiversiLab® rep-PCR system is an interesting tool to investigate C. albicans infections.
We describe the isolation and characterization of Fusarium volatile from a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) sample of a female patient living in French Guiana with underlying pulmonary infections. ...Phylogenetic analysis of fragments of the calmodulin (cmdA), translation elongation
factor (tef1), RNA polymerase second largest subunit (rpb2), and β-tubulin (tub) loci revealed that strain CBS 143874 was closely related to isolate NRRL 25615, a known but undescribed phylogenetic species belonging to the African clade of the Fusarium fujikuroi
species complex. The fungus differed phylogenetically and morphologically from related known species, and is therefore described as the new taxon Fusarium volatile. Antifungal susceptibility testing suggested that the new species is resistant to echinocandins, fluconazole, itraconazole
with lower MICs against amphotericin B, voriconazole and posaconazole.
The IPCC-AR6 report suggests that the sea-level in the Persian Gulf is expected to rise by 2.1-4.9mm/year by 2100, which is lower than the global projections of 4-14mm/year. However, a central ...nationwide ground subsidence in Bahrain's low-lying island can aggravate these figures. The island is only 14-kilometers-wide, yet we observe a 7×12-kilometer ground subsidence with vertical rates up to 20mm/year for 2016-2021. To characterize the subsidence, we use the following methods: (i) SBAS-InSAR with 94 and 131 C-band Sentinel-1A orbital radar acquisitions in ascending and descending directions for 2016-2021, respectively, and (ii) Stacking-InSAR with eight L-band ALOS-1-PALSAR acquisitions for 2007-2010 and six ALOS-2-PALSAR-ScanSAR acquisitions for 2016-2021. Although the observed subsidence velocities are non-linear, we estimate a subsidence of up to 1.5-meters by 2100 by extrapolating the average rates. We suggest three causes associated with this subsidence: (i) Exploitation of the Awali oil field, (ii) Local aquifer depletion, and (iii) Subsurface dissolution of anhydrites and chalky-limestones. To assess the potential impact of subsidence on the shoreline, we measure the coastline evolution at three undisturbed beaches on the West-coast from 1985-to-2021, excluding areas that underwent land-reclamation. Using sub-pixel shoreline detection analysis from 308 Sentinel-2 and Landsat (L5, L7, and L8) acquisitions, we observe that the selected shores remain stable. However, observations reveal a shoreline retreat of up to 5m/year on the southwestern coast for 2003-2014. This rate exceeds the modeled rate of 0.85m/year derived solely from local tide gauge sea-level measure. This nationwide subsidence should be considered when forecasting coastal infrastructure-planning in Bahrain. We recommend performing a similar analysis in other low-lying Gulf islands where oil exploitation occurs.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry has emerged as a reliable technique to identify molds involved in human diseases, including dermatophytes, ...provided that exhaustive reference databases are available. This study assessed an online identification application based on original algorithms and an extensive in-house reference database comprising 11,851 spectra (938 fungal species and 246 fungal genera). Validation criteria were established using an initial panel of 422 molds, including dermatophytes, previously identified via DNA sequencing (126 species). The application was further assessed using a separate panel of 501 cultured clinical isolates (88 mold taxa including dermatophytes) derived from five hospital laboratories. A total of 438 (87.35%) isolates were correctly identified at the species level, while 26 (5.22%) were assigned to the correct genus but the wrong species and 37 (7.43%) were not identified, since the defined threshold of 20 was not reached. The use of the Bruker Daltonics database included in the MALDI Biotyper software resulted in a much higher rate of unidentified isolates (39.76 and 74.30% using the score thresholds 1.7 and 2.0, respectively). Moreover, the identification delay of the online application remained compatible with real-time online queries (0.15 s per spectrum), and the application was faster than identifications using the MALDI Biotyper software. This is the first study to assess an online identification system based on MALDI-TOF spectrum analysis. We have successfully applied this approach to identify molds, including dermatophytes, for which diversity is insufficiently represented in commercial databases. This free-access application is available to medical mycologists to improve fungal identification.
Large-scale characterization of water table depth in shallow aquifers in hyperarid areas provides crucial insights into groundwater dynamics under increasing anthropogenic discharge and climatic ...fluctuations. Due to their penetration capabilities into arid soils, airborne very-high-frequency (VHF) sounding radars can achieve this objective under specific system design, topographic and geophysical constraints, superseding sporadic well logs, and ground-based surveys that provide compromised assessments of the distribution and depth of these water bodies. One of the least constrained ambiguities limiting the design of such systems, however, is the maximum penetration depth in desiccated sandy soils, which covers a sizeable fraction of desert landscapes. To constrain the latter, we perform a ground survey using 50- and 80-MHz GPRs with effective dynamic ranges of ~80-dB at the surface to probe the unconfined aquifer under desiccated linear dunes in the Wahiba Sands in Oman. Our survey resolves the water table down to at least 69 m depth, the deepest achieved at VHF frequencies in hyperarid terrains. We observe the average two-way plane-wave subsurface radar attenuation, accounting for both dielectric and scattering losses, to range from 0.1 to 1.4 dB/m through these sandy formations. Dielectric and scattering losses can be of equal magnitude depending on the sounding frequency and stratigraphic setting of the subsurface. Penetration depths to the water table are validated with time-domain electromagnetic (TDEM) measurements and well-log data. In addition, we identify shallow paleochannels from L-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observations that suggest modern meteoritic recharge of the probed aquifer, creating shallow localized anomalous losses in the radar signal in the first few meters. We conclude that the minimum requirements for an airborne VHF sounding radar to probe shallow aquifers at depths of tens of meters in sandy formations in hyperarid areas are a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 55 dB at the surface, a bandwidth of 10 MHz, and a surface Formula Omitted not exceeding 2 m.
Abstract Study Objective This study was designed to compare the Ambu Aura-i to the single-use LMA Fastrach regarding time to intubation, success rate, and airway morbidity in patients undergoing ...elective surgery requiring general anesthesia. Design Prospective, randomized controlled trial. Setting Academic medical center. Patients Sixty-five adult patients scheduled for elective surgery requiring general anesthesia. Interventions Patients were randomized into 2 groups. Group A (n = 33) were intubated using Ambu Aura-i and the Ambu aScope 2, a disposable flexible intubating scope, whereas those in group B (n = 33) were blindly intubated using the Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway (ILMA). Measurements First-attempt intubation success rate, overall intubation success rate, time to intubation, incidence of airway morbidity. Main results The data demonstrated that time for endotracheal intubation in the ILMA group was significantly shorter than in the Ambu Aura-i group ( P < .05). There was no difference in the first-attempt intubation success rate (Aura-i = 26/33, 78.8%; ILMA = 27/33, 81.8%; P = .757) or the overall intubation success rate (Aura-i = 29/33, 87.9%; ILMA = 31/33, 93.9%; P = .392) between the groups. Four patients (12%) in the Ambu Aura-i group had a failed intubation; 1 was due to a failure of the aScope monitor, whereas 3 were due to inability to visualize the glottis. Two patients (7%) in the ILMA group had a failed intubation due to esophageal intubation. There was no statistically significant difference in airway morbidity between the 2 groups. Conclusions The data suggest that intubation with the ILMA is faster but that first-attempt and overall intubation success rates were comparable in both groups. The results suggest that although the flexible intubating scope–guided Aura-i does not outperform blind intubation via the ILMA, the technique is comparable in terms of first-attempt and overall intubation success rate.
Abstract Opportunities exist to significantly improve the quality and efficiency of epilepsy care in Ireland. Historically, epilepsy research has focused on quantitative methodologies that often fail ...to capture the invaluable insight of patient experiences as they negotiate their health care needs. Using a phenomenological approach, we conducted one-to-one interviews with people with epilepsy, reporting on their understanding of their health care journey from onset of symptoms through to their first interaction with specialist epilepsy services. Following analysis of the data, five major themes emerged: delayed access to specialist epilepsy review; uncertainty regarding the competency and function of primary care services; significant unmet needs for female patients with epilepsy; disorganization of existing epilepsy services; and unmet patient information needs. The findings reveal important insights into the challenges experienced by people with epilepsy in Ireland and identify the opportunities for future service reorganization to improve the quality and efficiency of care provided.
Highlights • Service extension is possible with minimal additional staff and increased equipment utilisation. • Balancing the skill mix of the health workforce is important for service efficiency. • ...Skill mix changes should include health professions and administrative staff. • Service extension is possible under austerity conditions, if workforce planning is improved. • A workload model can contribute to efficient health workforce planning.
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