We present here the earliest evidence for large-scale table olive production from the mid-7
millennium BP inundated site of Hishuley Carmel on the northern Mediterranean coast of Israel. Olive pit ...size and fragmentation patterns, pollen as well as the architecture of installations associated with pits from this site, were compared to finds from the nearby and slightly earlier submerged Kfar Samir site. Results indicate that at Kfar Samir olive oil was extracted, while at Hishuley Carmel the data showed that large quantities of table olives, the oldest reported to date, were prepared. This process was most probably facilitated by the site's proximity to the Mediterranean Sea, which served as a source of both sea water and salt required for debittering/pickling/salting the fruit, as experimentally demonstrated in this study. Comparison of pit morphometry from modern cultivars, wild-growing trees and the archaeological sites, intimates that in pit morphology the ancient pits resemble wild olives, but we cannot totally exclude the possibility that they derive from early cultivated trees. Our findings demonstrate that in this region, olive oil production may have predated table olive preparation, with each development serving as a milestone in the early exploitation of the olive.
Metrology has given the necessary driving force to the second industrial revolution. However, the widespread use of business solutions based on information technologies allows to talk about reducing ...mass production in favor of individual production. Accordingly, the consequences for metrology are the need to expand the object. The definition and subject of metrology do not contradict this transformation. The axioms of fundamental metrology can be slightly changed on the example of the assessment of industrial enterprises management for the possibility of expanding the metrology object.
Abstract
Method for production of alpha emitter
149
Tb by irradiation of
151
Eu with 70 MeV
3
He nuclei is proposed. For the first time, the cross sections for the formation of isotopes
...149,150,151,152
Tb were measured experimentally using a stack foil technique in the
3
He particles energy range 70 → 12 MeV. The thick target yield of
149
Tb is 39 MBq/μAh, or 230 MBq/μA
149
Tb at saturation. The optimal energy range from the point of view of radioisotopic purity is 70 → 40 MeV. At these conditions about 150 MBq/μA
149
Tb can be produced in 8 hours irradiation, which is sufficient for therapeutic applications. The main impurities are
150
Tb (~100% in activity) and
151
Tb (~30% in activity). The proposed method surpasses its counterparts by the high content of the target isotope in the natural mixture and the simplicity of the radiochemical separation of
149
Tb from the bulk target material.
Rural territories, from the point of view of marketing, do not differ in the width of the assortment of the offered territorial products. However, this does not mean that their marketing potential is ...not developing. Rethinking approaches to the agricultural business, the ability to show the virtues of the countryside to tourists, involving all interested parties in these processes are drivers for increasing the marketing potential of rural areas. Many of the researches come to similar conclusions. This means that the marketing potential makes rural territories full participants in the struggle for consumers, investors, as well as the attention of higher authorities and government.
This article substantiates the relevance of improving the management tools of engineering enterprises. The historically formed management assessment system is substituted by production assessment. ...The article considers the model of balanced scorecard, the essence of the system, its advantages and disadvantages, discussed by both foreign and national researches. The authors propose new management improvement tools based on the use of a complex function and division of management functions according to the criterion of achieving the strategic goals of engineering enterprises.
A method for determining the radii of excited states of nuclei by means of (
3
He,
t
) charge-exchange reactions was proposed. Two versions of a comparison of differential cross sections for (
3
He,
...t
) reactions were considered. The first relies on a comparison with cross sections for inelastic-scattering processes leading to the formation of isobaric analog states, while the second involves (
3
He,
t
) reactions leading to the production of the ground state. The two versions in question yield similar results and make it possible to determine the radius of the first excited state of the
13
N nucleus. This state has the excitation energy of
E
* = 2.37 MeV, lying above the proton-emission threshold. The resulting radius proved to be enhanced in relation to the ground state and is close to the radius of the 3.09-MeV isobaric analog state of the
13
С nucleus, which has a neutron halo. This permitted drawing the conclusion that the
13
N nucleus in the 2.37-MeV state has a proton halo. The possibility of revealing a proton halo in other states of light nuclei is considered.
In this article we describe the technique and the methods of physical modelling of the corona discharge usage in order to harden the material. The active substance in the detector is the liquid ...crystals of a cholesteric type with a mesophase of 40-45 C. The substrate of the detector is a cast of aluminum alloy with specified parameters in the form of a rectangular or round shape. A corona discharge is created with the help of high-voltage power source (e.g. «Разряд») when the voltage is applied to a pair of needle-plane electrodes. The modulation of the ultrasonic signal is carried out through the inductive coupling. The parameters of the corona discharge are calculated with accordance to the received samples and temperature patterns. An assessment of the effect of a corona discharge on a liquid metal is determined by the Brinell scale displaying the indentation hardness.
Currently, there is an urgent need for targeted development of rural areas. A comprehensive strategy for sustainable rural development includes diversification of economic activities. Development of ...agribusiness by measures strengthening regional competitiveness is the most important socio-economic tasks for the national economy. The government is designing the concept of "a global village". The possibilities of diversified agribusiness development are considered on the example of the Baikal Region. Its territorial marketing products are well known but they should be considered from a strategic perspective. The article deals with the marketing products of the Irkutsk district municipalities belonging to three groups of territories: agricultural, agro-industrial, tourist and recreational. The issues and prospects analyzing agribusiness development are presented. The used marketing tools could be applied to the other rural territories designing strategies for agribusiness development.
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