Atomic-level investigations of the underlying phonon and thermal transports of strongly anharmonic alloy-based thermoelectric materials and their structural phase transitions are yet to be fully ...explored. Herein, we systematically investigate the anharmonic lattice dynamics and thermal transport of SnS0.75Se0.25 using perturbation theory up to quartic anharmonicity and molecular dynamics simulations with the first-principles-based machine-learning potential. We find the non-monotonic temperature dependence of the phonon linewidths and frequencies of the Γ4 and Y1 modes. This work demonstrates an apparent κL reduction from SnS to SnS0.75Se0.25, mainly attributed to the enhanced scattering rates of the middle-frequency phonons and the decreased group velocities of the high-frequency phonons. We also find that the effects of the quartic anharmonicity on the thermal transport of SnS and SnS0.75Se0.25 are significant, and the phonon coherence contributions are non-negligible in describing the thermal transport. Moreover, we reveal a decrease of κL in SnS0.75Se0.25 by randomizing Se atoms, which can be ascribed to an additional phonon scattering arising from sublattice mass disorder.
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•The non-monotonic temperature dependence of the phonon linewidths and frequencies of the Γ4 and Y1 modes of SnS0.75Se0.25 across the structural phase transition.•An apparent κL reduction from SnS to SnS0.75Se0.25, mainly attributed to the enhanced scattering rates of the middle-frequency phonons and the decreased group velocities of the high-frequency phonons.•A decrease of κL in SnS0.75Se0.25 by randomizing Se atoms, which can be ascribed to an additional phonon scattering arising from sublattice mass disorder.
Objective
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Pai-Neng-Da Capsule (派能达胶囊, panaxadiol saponins component, PNDC) in combination with the cyclosporine and androgen for patients with chronic aplastic ...anemia (CAA).
Methods
A total of 79 CAA patients was randomly divided into 2 groups by a random number table, including PCA group 43 cases, orally PNDC 320 mg/d plus cyclosporine 5 mg/(kg·d) plus andriol 80 mg/d and CA group 36 cases, orally cyclosporine 5 mg/(kg·d) plus andriol 160 mg/d. All patients were treated and followed-up for 6 treatment courses over 24 weeks. The complete blood counts, score of Chinese medical (CM) symptoms were assessed and urine routine, electrocardiogram, hepatic and renal function were observed for safety evaluation. Female masculinization rating scale was established according to the actual clinical manifestations to evaluate the accurate degree of masculinization in female CAA patients treated by andriol.
Results
The effective rates were 88.1% (37/42) in the PCA group and 77.8% (28/36) in the CA group based on the standard for the therapeutic efficacy evaluation of hematopathy. There was no significant difference in the white blood cell (WBC) counts, platelet counts and hemoglobin concentration of peripheral blood between two groups after 6 months treatment. The masculinization score of female patient in the PCA group was significantly lower than the CA group (
P
<0.05). The mild abdominal distention was observed in 1 cases in the PCA group. In CA group, the abnormalities in the hepatic function developed in 2 cases and the renal disfunction was found in 1 case.
Conclusion
The PNDC possesses certain curative effects in the treatment of CAA without obvious side-effects and can partially replace andriol thereby to reduce the degree of masculinization Registried at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChicTR1900028153).
The Xin'an River ecological compensation mechanism is China's first horizontal compensation mechanism to improve the ecological environment of the downstream areas and increase the fiscal revenues of ...the upstream areas. Although the amount invested in the program is increasing every year, few studies have been conducted to evaluate the impact of the program. Based on the Levinsohn-Petrin method and a comprehensive dataset of Chinese industrial companies from 2009 to 2015, we employed the k-nearest neighbor propensity score matching-difference-in-difference (PSM-DID) to explore the impact of the Xin'an River Ecological Compensation Gambling Agreement (ECGA) on company technological progress and its drive mechanism. The empirical results show that ECGA inhibits the technological progress of upstream industrial companies and has more pronounced inhibitory effects for heavy-polluting companies. ECGA indirectly inhibits the technological progress in upstream companies by affecting profitability, scale, human capital, foreign direct investment, and management efficiency.
RNA structure is important for RNA function and regulation, and there is growing interest in determining the RNA structure of many transcripts. Here we provide a detailed protocol for the parallel ...analysis of RNA structure (PARS) for probing RNA secondary structures genome-wide. In this method, enzymatic footprinting is coupled to high-throughput sequencing to provide secondary structure data for thousands of RNAs simultaneously. The entire experimental protocol takes ∼5 d to complete, and sequencing and data analysis take an additional 6-8 d. PARS was developed using the yeast genome as proof of principle, but its approach should be applicable to probing RNA structures from different transcriptomes and structural dynamics under diverse solution conditions.
Na
0.44
MnO
2
nanorods have been prepared by a hydrothermal method. The experimental parameters have been systematically investigated and optimized. The results show that Na
0.44
MnO
2
nanorods ...obtained via the hydrothermal treatment at 200 °C for 16 h show the best electrochemical properties, which deliver the high initial discharge capacity of 110.7 mA·h/g at 50 mA/g in potential window 2.0–4.0 V To further improve their electrochemical properties, a ball milling process with graphene has been carried out to obtain Na
0.44
MnO
2
/graphene composite. The initial discharge capacity of Na
0.44
MnO
2
/graphene composite is 106.9 mA·h/g at a current density of 50 mA/g. After 100 cycles, the residual discharge capacity is 91.8 mA·h/g and the capacity retention rate is 85.9%, which is much higher than that of pristine Na
0.44
MnO
2
nanorods (74.7%) at the same condition. What is more, when the current density reaches 500 and 1000 mA/g, the corresponding discharge capacities of Na
0.44
MnO
2
/graphene composite are about 89 and 78 mA·h/g, respectively, indicating outstanding rate capability.
Nutrient limitations often lead to metabolic stress during cancer initiation and progression. To combat this stress, the enzyme heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1, commonly known as HO-1) is thought to play a ...key role as an antioxidant. However, there is a discrepancy between the level of HO-1 mRNA and its protein, particularly in cells under stress. O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of proteins (O-GlcNAcylation) is a recently discovered cellular signaling mechanism that rivals phosphorylation in many proteins, including eukaryote translation initiation factors (eIFs). The mechanism by which eIF2α O-GlcNAcylation regulates translation of HO-1 during extracellular arginine shortage (ArgS) remains unclear.
We used mass spectrometry to study the relationship between O-GlcNAcylation and Arg availability in breast cancer BT-549 cells. We validated eIF2α O-GlcNAcylation through site-specific mutagenesis and azido sugar N-azidoacetylglucosamine-tetraacylated labeling. We then evaluated the effect of eIF2α O-GlcNAcylation on cell recovery, migration, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and metabolic labeling during protein synthesis under different Arg conditions.
Our research identified eIF2α, eIF2β, and eIF2γ, as key O-GlcNAcylation targets in the absence of Arg. We found that O-GlcNAcylation of eIF2α plays a crucial role in regulating antioxidant defense by suppressing the translation of the enzyme HO-1 during Arg limitation. Our study showed that O-GlcNAcylation of eIF2α at specific sites suppresses HO-1 translation despite high levels of HMOX1 transcription. We also found that eliminating eIF2α O-GlcNAcylation through site-specific mutagenesis improves cell recovery, migration, and reduces ROS accumulation by restoring HO-1 translation. However, the level of the metabolic stress effector ATF4 is not affected by eIF2α O-GlcNAcylation under these conditions.
Overall, this study provides new insights into how ArgS fine-tunes the control of translation initiation and antioxidant defense through eIF2α O-GlcNAcylation, which has potential biological and clinical implications.
Influenza viruses are respiratory pathogens that are major threats to human health. Due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains, the use of traditional anti-influenza drugs has been hindered. ...Therefore, the development of new antiviral drugs is critical. In this article, AgBiSsub.2 nanoparticles were synthesized at room temperature, using the bimetallic properties of the material itself to explore its inhibitory effect on the influenza virus. By comparing the synthesized Bisub.2Ssub.3 and Agsub.2S nanoparticles, it is found that after adding the silver element, the synthesized AgBiSsub.2 nanoparticles have a significantly better inhibitory effect on influenza virus infection than Bisub.2Ssub.3 and Agsub.2S nanoparticles. Recent studies have shown that the inhibitory effect of AgBiSsub.2 nanoparticles on the influenza virus mainly occurs in the stages of influenza virus-cell internalization and intracellular replication. In addition, it is found that AgBiSsub.2 nanoparticles also have prominent antiviral properties against α and β coronaviruses, indicating that AgBiSsub.2 nanoparticles have significant potential in inhibiting viral activity.
Two-dimensional hafnium-based semiconductors and their heterostructures with native oxides have been shown unique physical properties and potential electronic and optoelectronic applications. ...However, the scalable synthesis methods for ultrathin layered hafnium-based semiconductor laterally epitaxy growth and its heterostructure are still restricted, also for the understanding of its formation mechanism. Herein, we report the stable sublimation of alkali halide vapor assisted synthesis strategy for high-quality 2D HfSe
2
nanosheets via chemical vapor deposition. Single-crystalline ultrathin 2D HfSe
2
nanosheets were systematically grown by tuning the growth parameters, reaching the lateral size of 6–40 µm and the thickness down to 4.5 nm. The scalable amorphous HfO
2
and HfSe
2
heterostructures were achieved by the controllable oxidation, which benefited from the approximate zero Gibbs free energy of unstable 2D HfSe
2
templates. The crystal structure, elemental, and time dependent Raman characterization were carried out to understand surface precipitated Se atoms and the formation of amorphous Hf–O bonds, confirming the slow surface oxidation and lattice incorporation of oxygen atoms. The relatively smooth surface roughness and electrical potential change of HfO
2
–HfSe
2
heterostructures indicate the excellent interface quality, which helps obtain the high performance memristor with high on/off ratio of 10
5
and long retention period over 9000 s. Our work introduces a new vapor catalysts strategy for the synthesis of lateral 2D HfSe
2
nanosheets, also providing the scalable oxidation of the Hf-based heterostructures for 2D electronic devices.
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