Electronic skins (e‐skins), which are mechanically compliant with human skin, are regarded as ideal electronic devices for noninvasive human–machine interaction and wearable devices. In order to ...fully mimic human skin, e‐skins should possess reliable mechanical properties and be able to resist external environmental factors like heat, cold, desiccation, and bacteria, while perceiving multiple external stimuli, such as temperature, humidity, and strain. Here, a transparent, mechanically robust, environmentally stable, versatile natural skin‐derived organohydrogel (NSD‐Gel) is nanoengineered through the integration of betaine, silver nanoparticles, and sodium chloride in a glycerol/water binary solvent. The transparent NSD‐Gel e‐skin exhibits outstanding tensile strength (7.33 MPa), puncture resistance, moisture retention, self‐regeneration, and antibacterial properties. Additionally, the NSD‐Gel e‐skin possesses enhanced cold/heat resistance and stimuli‐responsive characteristics that effectively sense environmental temperature and humidity changes, as well as physiological human body motion signals. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that the NSD‐Gel e‐skin confers desired biocompatibility and tissue protective properties even in extremely harsh environments (−196 °C to 100 °C). The NSD‐Gel e‐skin has great potential for applications in multidimensional wearable electronic devices, human‐machine interfaces, and artificial intelligence, generating a versatile platform for the development of high‐performance e‐skins with on‐demand properties.
A transparent, mechanically robust, environmentally stable, versatile organohydrogel (NSD‐Gel) is nanoengineered as a natural skin‐derived e‐skin. With the integration of numerous biological functions and intelligent sensing performances, including transparency, tensile strength, moisture retention, antibacterial property, anti‐freezing, biocompatibility, temperature sensing, humidity sensing, and strain sensing, NSD‐Gel e‐skin has great potential for applications in multidimensional wearable electronic devices, human–machine interfaces, and artificial intelligence.
Metagenomics constructs genomic libraries by directly extracting DNA from all microorganisms from environmental samples, and studies microbial diversity and functional composition by microbiology and ...genomics. The metagenomic technology and genome sequencing can be used to discover the unculturable environmental microorganisms and study the natural products in the medicinal materials related to them, which overcome the limitations of microbial isolation and culture technology and is of great significance for the discovery of new genes or genomes. The quality and safety of traditional Chinese medicine materials(TCMMs) have always been a hot topic in the research on TCMMs. In addition to the intrinsic characteristics, environmental factors and human intervention also affect the quality and clinical efficacy of TCMMs. Environmental microorganisms, rhizosphere microorganisms, and endophytes play an essential role in the growth, secondary metabolism, processing, and storage of medicinal plants. As an emerging disc
For the practical applications of wearable electronic skin (e‐skin), the multifunctional, self‐powered, biodegradable, biocompatible, and breathable materials are needed to be assessed and tailored ...simultaneously. Integration of these features in flexible e‐skin is highly desirable; however, it is challenging to construct an e‐skin to meet the requirements of practical applications. Herein, a bio‐inspired multifunctional e‐skin with a multilayer nanostructure based on spider web and ant tentacle is constructed, which can collect biological energy through a triboelectric nanogenerator for the simultaneous detection of pressure, humidity, and temperature. Owing to the poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanofibers spider web structure, internal bead‐chain structure, and the collagen aggregate nanofibers based positive friction material, e‐skin exhibits the highest pressure sensitivity (0.48 V kPa−1) and high detection range (0–135 kPa). Synchronously, the nanofibers imitating the antennae of ants provide e‐skin with short response and recovery time (16 and 25 s, respectively) to a wide humidity range (25–85% RH). The e‐skin is demonstrated to exhibit temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR = 0.0075 °C−1) in a range of the surrounding temperature (27–55 °C). Moreover, the natural collagen aggregate and the all‐nanofibers structure ensure the biodegradability, biocompatibility, and breathability of the e‐skin, showing great promise for practicability.
In this study, a bio‐inspired multifunctional electronic skin (e‐skin) with a multilayer nanostructure based on spider web and ant tentacle is constructed, which can collect biological energy through a triboelectric nanogenerator for the simultaneous detection of pressure, humidity, and temperature. Moreover, the natural collagen aggregate and the all‐nanofiber structure ensure the biodegradability, biocompatibility, and breathability of the e‐skin.
Despite the high theoretical specific capacity, the main challenges of rechargeable lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, including the unceasing shuttle of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and severe ...Li corrosion, seriously hinder their commercial and practical applications. Herein, a bifunctional polyvinyl alcohol/poly(lithium acrylate) (C-PVA/PAA-Li) composite nanofiber separator is developed to address the main challenges in Li-S batteries by simultaneously allowing rapid lithium ion transport and ionic shielding of polysulfides. The C-PVA/PAA-Li composite nanofiber membrane is prepared via the facile electrospinning strategy, followed by thermal crosslinking and
in-situ
lithiation processes. Differing from the conventional Celgard-based coating methods accompanied by impaired lithium ion transport efficiency, the C-PVA/PAA-Li composite nanofiber membrane possesses well-developed porous structures and high ionic conductivity, thus synergistically reducing the charge transfer resistance and inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites. The resulting Li-S batteries exhibit an ultra-low fading rate of 0.08% per cycle after 400 cycles at 0.2 C, and a capacity of 633 mAhg
−1
at a high current density of 3 C. This study presents an inspiring and promising strategy to fabricate emerging dual-functional separators, which paves the pathway for the practical implementation of ultra-stable and reliable Li-S battery systems.
ABSTRACT
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and deadly cancer with limited treatment options. Through genome‐wide growth depletion screens using clustered regularly interspaced short ...palindromic repeats and expression profiling of primary HCC tumors, we identified 13 clinically relevant target genes with therapeutic potential. Subsequent functional annotation analysis revealed significant enrichment of these 13 genes in the cell cycle, cell death, and survival pathways. Non–structural maintenance of chromosomes condensin I complex subunit G (NCAPG) was ranked the highest among the depletion screens and multiple HCC expression datasets. Transient inhibition of NCAPG using specific small interfering RNAs resulted in a significant reduction in cell growth, migration, and the down‐regulation of mitochondrial gene expression in vitro. Small homologous RNA–mediated knockdown of NCAPG significantly impaired cell viability, caused aberrant mitotic division, fragmented the mitochondrial network, and increased cell death in vitro. HCC cells with a reduced expression of NCAPG formed significantly smaller xenograft tumors in vivo. Importantly, high NCAPG expression was significantly associated with poorer overall and disease‐free survival in HCC patients. High NCAPG expression is a novel prognostic biomarker to predict HCC early recurrence after surgical resection. In conclusion, NCAPG is an essential gene for HCC tumor cell survival. It represents a promising novel target for treating HCC and a prognostic biomarker for clinical management of HCC.—Wang, Y., Gao, B., Tan, P. Y., Handoko, Y. A., Sekar, K., Deivasigamani, A., Seshachalam, V. P., OuYang, H.‐Y., Shi, M., Xie, C., Goh, B. K. P., Ooi, L. L., Hui, K. M. Genome‐wide CRISPR knockout screens identify NCAPG as an essential oncogene for hepatocellular carcinoma tumor growth. FASEB J. 33, 8759–8770 (2019). www.fasebj.org
Buildings account for ≈40% of the total energy consumption. In addition, it is challenging to control the indoor temperature in extreme weather. Therefore, energy‐saving smart windows with light ...regulation have gained increasing attention. However, most emerging base materials for smart windows have disadvantages, including low transparency at low temperatures, ultra‐high phase transition temperature, and scarce applications. Herein, a self‐adaptive multi‐response thermochromic hydrogel (PHC‐Gel) with dual temperature and pH response is engineered through “one‐pot” integration tactics. The PHC‐Gel exhibits excellent mechanical, adhesion, and electrical conductivity properties. Notably, the low critical solubility temperature (LCST) of PHC‐Gel can be regulated over a wide temperature range (20–35 °C). The outdoor practical testing reveals that PHC‐Gel has excellent light transmittance at low temperatures and radiation cooling performances at high temperatures, indicating that PHC‐Gel can be used for developing energy‐saving windows. Actually, PHC‐Gel‐based thermochromic windows show remarkable visible light transparency (Tlum ≈ 95.2%) and solar modulation (△Tsol ≈ 57.2%). Interestingly, PHC‐Gel has superior electrical conductivity, suggesting that PHC‐Gel can be utilized to fabricate wearable signal‐response and temperature sensors. In summary, PHC‐Gel has broad application prospects in energy‐saving smart windows, smart wearable sensors, temperature monitors, infant temperature detection, and thermal management.
Herein, a self‐adaptive multi‐response thermochromic hydrogel (PHC‐Gel) with dual temperature/pH response w as engineered through “one‐pot” integration tactics. The PHC‐Gel exhibited excellent mechanical, adhesion, and electrical‐conductivity properties. Notably, PHC‐Gel based thermochromic windows showed remarkable visible light transparency and solar modulation. Furthermore, PHC‐Gel could be utilized to fabricate wearable signal‐response and temperature sensors. Therefore, PHC‐Gel have broad application prospects.
Natural skin–derived products, as traditional wearable materials are widely used in people's daily life due to the products’ excellent origins. Herein, a versatile daytime‐radiation cooling wearable ...natural skin (RC‐skin) consisting of the collagen micro‐nano fibers with the on‐demand double‐layer radiation cooling structure is nano‐engineered through the proposed facile “synergistic inner–outer activation” strategy. The bottom layer (inner strategy) of the RC‐skin is fabricated by filling the skin with the Mg11(HPO3)8(OH)6 nanoparticles by soaking. The superstratum (outer strategy) is constituted by a composite coating with an irregular microporous structure. The RC‐skin harvests the inherent advantages of natural building blocks including sufficient hydrophobicity, excellent mechanical properties, and friction resistance. Owing to the subtle double‐layer structure design, the solar reflectance and the average emissivity in the mid‐infrared band of RC‐skin are ≈92.7% and ≈95%, respectively. Therefore, the RC‐skin's temperature in the sub‐ambient is reduced by ≈7.5 °C. Various outdoor practical application experiments further substantiate that RC‐skin has superior radiation cooling performances. Collectively, RC‐skin has broad‐application prospects for intelligent wearing, low‐carbon travel, building materials, and intelligent thermoelectric power generation, and this study also provides novel strategies for developing natural‐skin–derived functional materials.
Herein, a versatile daytime‐radiation cooling wearable natural skin (RC‐skin) consisting of the collagen micro‐nano fibers with the on‐demand double‐layer radiation cooling structure is nano‐engineered through the proposed facile “synergistic inner–outer activation” strategy. Owing to the subtle double‐layer structure design, the solar reflectance and the average emissivity of RC‐skin are ≈92.7% and ≈95%, respectively. Therefore, the RC‐skin has broad‐application prospects.
Due to the large wall thickness difference and serious instability in the large-scale ring rolling process, most studies on the feed curve are not suitable for a large-scale ring. The production cost ...of the large-scale ring is high, and if plastic instability occurs, it will cause a great waste of resources. Therefore, in this study, a staged feed strategy based on the evolution of ring instability is proposed with the objective of controlling the rolling stability of a large-scale ring. Firstly, based on the law of rolling instability evolution, the rolling stage during the rolling process is divided. Secondly, the coordination of all rolling stages is proposed as a factor to design the feed curve. The feed scheme is determined using the central composite design (CCD) method, and then the established mathematical model is applied to obtain the radial feed curves of a large-scale flat ring with a 5 m diameter for different schemes. Next, the designed feed curve was submitted to finite element method (FEM) simulation. According to the FE simulation results, a rolling map for controlling roundness error, eccentricity and vibration is established. Finally, the feed curve in the stable region is input to the FE simulation and the production trial to obtain the results of roundness error, eccentricity and vibration. A comparison of the simulation and production trial results shows that they are in good agreement, which proves the reliability of the feed curve designed based on the stable rolling region in the roll map. Moreover, the machining amount for both the simulation and production trial is below the maximum machined value.
Uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth hinders the practical application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, we report a novel Li+ flux distributor achieved by placing an electroactive ...polyvinylidene fluoride/polymethyl methacrylate (PVDF/PMMA) composite nanofiber interlayer on a current collector, inducing uniform lithium deposition to mitigate the dendrite problem. Specifically, the released PMMA reacts with Li+ to form abundant C–O–Li bonds and generate in situ a stable lithiophilic PMMA-Li solid electrolyte interphase layer. Theoretical calculations reveal that polar C–F groups in the PVDF framework and lithiophilic PMMA-Li provide homo-dispersed Li+ migration pathways with low energy barriers. Consequently, uniform Li nucleation is achieved at the molecular level, resulting in ultrahigh cycling stability with dendrite-free Li deposition at 5 mA cm−2 and 5 mAh cm−2 for over 500 h. The PVDF/PMMA ∼ Li || LiFePO4 (LFP) full cell presents an increased rate capacity of 110 mAh g−1 at 10 C. In addition, a soft-package battery demonstrates a high energy density of 289 Wh kg−1. This work provides a facile design for stable lithium metal anodes to promote the practical use of LMBs and other alkali metal batteries.
A three-dimensional electroactive PVDF/PMMA composite nanofibrous interlayer is applied to in-situ construct a lithiophilic PMMA-Li SEI. Benefitting from the low-energy Li+ diffusion pathway and uniform lithium nucleation at molecular level, the PVDF/PMMA interlayer incorporated batteries demonstrate particularly excellent cycling stability with dendrite-free lithium deposition. Display omitted
•A novel lithium-ion flux distributor derived from an electroactive polymeric composite nanofiber interlayer is proposed.•The PVDF/PMMA composite interlayer achieved uniform lithium nucleation at molecular level and dendrite-free deposition.•The corresponding Li || LiFePO4 full cell presents a high rate capacity of 110 mAh g-1 at 10 C.
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