The role and effect of stable Ce 4+ centers in Ce-doped LuAG single crystal scintillator is further studied by means of measurements of several optical, luminescence and scintillation ...characteristics. Two LuAG:Ce single crystal samples are compared: in one of them the dominating Ce 4 + center is stabilized by high concentration Mg 2+ codoping while the other one shows only the presence of stable Ce 3 + center. Tailored (Eu, Mg)-doped LuAG single crystal is also prepared to test the presence and thermal stability of hole traps in the host which affect the timing characteristics of Ce 4+ scintillation cycle, namely its restoration back to 4+ charge state in last step of the cycle. EPR experiment was also employed at Mg- and (Eu, Mg) doped LuAG samples and the signature of the O - hole center stabilized by Mg 2 + ion was clearly obtained.
•Strategy and status of the development of new diagnostic systems for the COMPASS-U tokamak with high plasma densities, high heat flux densities and a hot vacuum vessel are provided.•Plans for the ...diagnostic set for the first plasma at COMPASS-U are reviewed.•Several new and worldwide unique diagnostic solutions like high-temperature compatible hall probes, fast thick printed copper coils and a sub-millimetre interferometer with an unambiguous channel are introduced.
The COMPASS-U tokamak (R = 0.894 m, a = 0.27 m, Bt = 5 T, Ip = 2 MA) is a new medium-size device with fully metallic plasma facing components, currently under construction at the Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences in Prague. It features a unique combination of parameters, such as a high temperature of the tokamak walls up to 500 °C allowing a high recycling regime, a high magnetic field connected with a high plasma density above 1020m−3 and with a high heat flux (perpendicular to divertor targets) density at the outer strike-point up to 90 MW/m2 in attached conditions. These parameters of the device pose strict constraints and requirements on the design of individual diagnostic systems. Strategy and present status of the development of the diagnostic systems for COMPASS-U are provided. Plans for a diagnostic set for the first plasma are reviewed. The review of the diagnostics systems involves the high-temperature compatible slow (up to 20 kHz) and fast (up to several MHz) inductive and non-inductive magnetic sensors (including Thick Printed Copper coils and Hall sensors), the sub-millimetre interferometer with an unambiguous channel, Electron Cyclotron Emission, the interlock and overview cameras, high resolution Thomson scattering, radiation diagnostics (neutron diagnostics, soft and hard X-ray diagnostics, bolometers, impurity monitors, effective ion charge), probe diagnostics (including rail probes) and manipulators.
•We built a new diagnostic of poloidal plasma rotation on the COMPASS tokamak.•Improvements in throughput via toroidal integration and fiber optimizations shown.•Poloidal rotation and ion temperature ...measured in L- and H-mode and during RMP.•Design and parameters of a new CXRS diagnostic for COMPASS are introduced.
High-resolution spectroscopy is a powerful tool for the measurement of plasma rotation as well as ion temperature using the Doppler shift of the emitted spectral lines and their Doppler broadening, respectively. Both passive and active diagnostic variants for the COMPASS tokamak are introduced. The passive diagnostic focused on the C III lines at about 465nm is utilized for the observation of the poloidal plasma rotation. The current set-up of the measuring system is described, including the intended high-throughput optics upgrade. Different options to increase the fiber collection area are mentioned, including a flower-like fiber bundle, and the use of micro-lenses or tapered fibers. Recent measurements of poloidal plasma rotation of the order of 0–6km/s are shown. The design of the new active diagnostic using a deuterium heating beam and based on charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (C VI line at 529nm) is introduced. The tool will provide both space (0.5–5cm) and time (10ms) resolved toroidal plasma rotation and ion temperature profiles. The results of the Simulation of Spectra code used to examine the feasibility of charge exchange measurements on COMPASS are shown and connected with a selection of the spectrometer coupled with the CCD camera.
Background/Aims: To prospectively evaluate our palliative management of unresectable cholangiocarcinoma (CC) treated with tailored multimodal oncological therapy. Methods: Between January 2005 and ...January 2010, 50 consecutive patients with unresectable CC and jaundice were palliated with percutaneous drainage. Forty-three patients underwent metallic- stent implantation followed by brachytherapy. Patients were divided into two arms: the intra-arterial chemotherapy arm (IA arm, n=17) consisted of patients treated with locoregional treatment (IA admission of Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil, or chemoembolization with Lipiodol) and/or systemic chemotherapy, while the systemic chemotherapy arm (IV arm, n=23) included all the other patients, who were treated only with systemic chemotherapy. Results: In total, 78 metal self-expandable stents were placed. Hilar involvement with mass-forming and periductal infiltrating types of CC (84%) was predominant. The average number of percutaneous interventional procedures was 11.61 per patient (range, 4-35). The median overall survival from diagnosis of disease for all patients was 13.5 months (range, 11.0-18.8 months). The median overall survival times were 25.2 months (range, 15.2-31.3 months) and 11.5 months (range, 8.5-12.6 months) in the IA and IV arms, respectively (p＜0.05). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates in the IA and IV arms were 88.2%, 52.9%, and 10.1% and 43.5%, 25.4, and 0%, respectively. There were no major complications (WHO III/IV) due to interventional procedures. Conclusions: We could reach acceptable prognosis in patients with unresectable CC using complex tailored oncological therapy. However, the main limitations of prolonging survival are performance status, patient compliance and the maintaining of biliary tract patency. (Gut Liver 2010;4(Suppl. 1):S82-88)
Background/Aims: To prospectively evaluate our palliative management of unresectable cholangiocarcinoma (CC) treated with tailored multimodal oncological therapy. Methods: Between January 2005 and ...January 2010, 50 consecutive patients with unresectable CC and jaundice were palliated with percutaneous drainage. Forty-three patients underwent metallic- stent implantation followed by brachytherapy. Patients were divided into two arms: the intra-arterial chemotherapy arm (IA arm, n=17) consisted of patients treated with locoregional treatment (IA admission of Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil, or chemoembolization with Lipiodol) and/or systemic chemotherapy, while the systemic chemotherapy arm (IV arm, n=23) included all the other patients, who were treated only with systemic chemotherapy. Results: In total, 78 metal self-expandable stents were placed. Hilar involvement with mass-forming and periductal infiltrating types of CC (84%) was predominant. The average number of percutaneous interventional procedures was 11.61 per patient (range, 4-35). The median overall survival from diagnosis of disease for all patients was 13.5 months (range, 11.0-18.8 months). The median overall survival times were 25.2 months (range, 15.2-31.3 months) and 11.5 months (range, 8.5-12.6 months) in the IA and IV arms, respectively (p＜0.05). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates in the IA and IV arms were 88.2%, 52.9%, and 10.1% and 43.5%, 25.4, and 0%, respectively. There were no major complications (WHO III/IV) due to interventional procedures. Conclusions: We could reach acceptable prognosis in patients with unresectable CC using complex tailored oncological therapy. However, the main limitations of prolonging survival are performance status, patient compliance and the maintaining of biliary tract patency. (Gut Liver 2010;4(Suppl. 1):S82-88)
Background/Aims: To prospectively evaluate our palliative management of unresectable cholangiocarcinoma (CC) treated with tailored multimodal oncological therapy. Methods: Between January 2005 and ...January 2010, 50 consecutive patients with unresectable CC and jaundice were palliated with percutaneous drainage. Forty-three patients underwent metallic- stent implantation followed by brachytherapy. Patients were divided into two arms: the intra-arterial chemotherapy arm (IA arm, n=17) consisted of patients treated with locoregional treatment (IA admission of Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil, or chemoembolization with Lipiodol) and/or systemic chemotherapy, while the systemic chemotherapy arm (IV arm, n=23) included all the other patients, who were treated only with systemic chemotherapy. Results: In total, 78 metal self-expandable stents were placed. Hilar involvement with mass-forming and periductal infiltrating types of CC (84%) was predominant. The average number of percutaneous interventional procedures was 11.61 per patient (range, 4-35). The median overall survival from diagnosis of disease for all patients was 13.5 months (range, 11.0-18.8 months). The median overall survival times were 25.2 months (range, 15.2-31.3 months) and 11.5 months (range, 8.5-12.6 months) in the IA and IV arms, respectively (p＜0.05). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates in the IA and IV arms were 88.2%, 52.9%, and 10.1% and 43.5%, 25.4, and 0%, respectively. There were no major complications (WHO III/IV) due to interventional procedures. Conclusions: We could reach acceptable prognosis in patients with unresectable CC using complex tailored oncological therapy. However, the main limitations of prolonging survival are performance status, patient compliance and the maintaining of biliary tract patency. (Gut Liver 2010;4(Suppl. 1):S82-88)
Background/Aims: To prospectively evaluate our palliative management of unresectable cholangiocarcinoma (CC) treated with tailored multimodal oncological therapy. Methods: Between January 2005 and ...January 2010, 50 consecutive patients with unresectable CC and jaundice were palliated with percutaneous drainage. Forty-three patients underwent metallic- stent implantation followed by brachytherapy. Patients were divided into two arms: the intra-arterial chemotherapy arm (IA arm, n=17) consisted of patients treated with locoregional treatment (IA admission of Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil, or chemoembolization with Lipiodol) and/or systemic chemotherapy, while the systemic chemotherapy arm (IV arm, n=23) included all the other patients, who were treated only with systemic chemotherapy. Results: In total, 78 metal self-expandable stents were placed. Hilar involvement with mass-forming and periductal infiltrating types of CC (84%) was predominant. The average number of percutaneous interventional procedures was 11.61 per patient (range, 4-35). The median overall survival from diagnosis of disease for all patients was 13.5 months (range, 11.0-18.8 months). The median overall survival times were 25.2 months (range, 15.2-31.3 months) and 11.5 months (range, 8.5-12.6 months) in the IA and IV arms, respectively (p＜0.05). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates in the IA and IV arms were 88.2%, 52.9%, and 10.1% and 43.5%, 25.4, and 0%, respectively. There were no major complications (WHO III/IV) due to interventional procedures. Conclusions: We could reach acceptable prognosis in patients with unresectable CC using complex tailored oncological therapy. However, the main limitations of prolonging survival are performance status, patient compliance and the maintaining of biliary tract patency. (Gut Liver 2010;4(Suppl. 1):S82-88)
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