Abstract
In heavy gilts, avoiding puberty is desirable because an impairment of growth performances have been observed during the estrus days. The immunocastration could solve it. A total of thirty ...Duroc x (Landrace x Large White) gilts, of 54.2 ± 4.14 kg of body weight (BW), were used to assess the effects of immunization against GnRH on genital organs development and serum sex hormones. There were two experimental groups (n=15): intact gilts (IG) or immunocastrated gilts (IMG). Immunization was carried out by two injections of Vacsincel® (Zoetis) at approximately 54 and 71 kg BW (102 and 122 days of age, respectively). The same management was provided for both groups through the trial. Pigs were slaughtered when achieved approximately 135 kg BW because were intended for dry-cured ham elaboration. The experimental unit was the animal and data were analyzed using GLM procedure of SAS. The IG had heavier genital tract than IMG (186.7 vs 116.3 g; P=0.01) mainly due to the cervix (P=0.0003) and uterine horns and vagina (P=0.06). Also, IG had bigger ovaries size (P=0.04) and larger uterine horns (P=0.03), cervix (P=0.01) and vulva (P=0.06). Although total number of follicles was similar in both groups (43 follicles as average; P>0.05), IG showed mainly big ones (14, 50, 26 and 10% of 6 mm, respectively) whereas in IMG prevailed the small ones (28, 50, 17 and 5%, respectively). Scarce effects were found on progesterone and estradiol levels. It is concluded that immunocastration had an important impact on the development of the genital tract and on the follicular dynamic of heavy gilts. This work (Project AGL-201-78532-R) was funded by MINECO.
Key Words:
In heavy gilts, avoiding puberty is desirable because an impairment of growth performances have been observed during the estrus days. The immunocastration could solve it. A total of thirty Duroc x ...(Landrace x Large White) gilts, of 54.2 ± 4.14 kg of body weight (BW), were used to assess the effects of immunization against GnRH on genital organs development and serum sex hormones. There were two experimental groups (n=15): intact gilts (IG) or immunocastrated gilts (IMG). Immunization was carried out by two injections of Vacsincel® (Zoetis) at approximately 54 and 71 kg BW (102 and 122 days of age, respectively). The same management was provided for both groups through the trial. Pigs were slaughtered when achieved approximately 135 kg BW because were intended for dry-cured ham elaboration. The experimental unit was the animal and data were analyzed using GLM procedure of SAS. The IG had heavier genital tract than IMG (186.7 vs 116.3 g; P=0.01) mainly due to the cervix (P=0.0003) and uterine horns and vagina (P=0.06). Also, IG had bigger ovaries size (P=0.04) and larger uterine horns (P=0.03), cervix (P=0.01) and vulva (P=0.06). Although total number of follicles was similar in both groups (43 follicles as average; P>0.05), IG showed mainly big ones (14, 50, 26 and 10% of 6 mm, respectively) whereas in IMG prevailed the small ones (28, 50, 17 and 5%, respectively). Scarce effects were found on progesterone and estradiol levels. It is concluded that immunocastration had an important impact on the development of the genital tract and on the follicular dynamic of heavy gilts. This work (Project AGL-201-78532-R) was funded by MINECO.
Enhancing production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a promising strategy to suppress pathogenic inflammation. To identify new mechanisms regulating IL-10 production, we ...conducted a phenotypic screen for small molecules that enhance IL-10 secretion from activated dendritic cells. Mechanism-of-action studies using a prioritized hit from the screen, BRD6989, identified the Mediator-associated kinase CDK8, and its paralog CDK19, as negative regulators of IL-10 production during innate immune activation. The ability of BRD6989 to upregulate IL-10 is recapitulated by multiple, structurally differentiated CDK8 and CDK19 inhibitors and requires an intact cyclin C-CDK8 complex. Using a highly parallel pathway reporter assay, we identified a role for enhanced AP-1 activity in IL-10 potentiation following CDK8 and CDK19 inhibition, an effect associated with reduced phosphorylation of a negative regulatory site on c-Jun. These findings identify a function for CDK8 and CDK19 in regulating innate immune activation and suggest that these kinases may warrant consideration as therapeutic targets for inflammatory disorders.
The significance of complications after superficial parotidectomy remains unclear, since prospective studies are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate facial nerve dysfunction and other ...postoperative complications after superficial parotidectomy for pleomorphic adenoma of the superficial lobe and to identify the associated risk factors.
Prospective and descriptive clinical study on 79 patients undergoing formal superficial parotidectomy with the modified facelift incision, dissection of the facial nerve and reconstruction with the superficial musculoaponeurotic system flap. Function of the facial nerve using the House-Brackmann scale and the intra- and postoperative complications were recorded at 1 week and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. A descriptive, inferential and binary logistic regression analysis were performed for the variables facial nerve dysfunction, tumor size and location, clinical presentation and duration of surgery.
77.2% of the patients presented facial paresis at 1 week, with the marginal-mandibular branch being the most commonly affected (64.5%). 94.9% recovered the facial function at 6 months and 100% at 12 months. A statistically significant relationship was found between the appearance of facial paresis and tumor location in the superior lateral area of the superficial lobe, size >2 cm and prolonged operative time. None of the remaining variables showed significant differences at any study timepoint. At 12 months, 57% of patients had recovered tactile sensitivity in the earlobe. The clinical occurrence of Frey's syndrome was 11.4%.
Despite the high incidence of postoperative facial paresis at 1 week, its magnitude was low and the recovery time was short. Tumor location in the parotid superficial lobe upper area, size and prolonged operative time are risk factors that can worsen facial paresis at different study timepoints. The knowledge of these complications is relevant for patient´s counseling and to achieve better long-term outcomes.
Stroke affects around 15 million people per year, with 10%-–15% occurring in individuals under 50 years old (stroke in young adults). The prevalence of different vascular risk factors and healthcare ...strategies for stroke management vary worldwide, making the epidemiology and specific characteristics of stroke in each region an important area of research.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of different vascular risk factors and the aetiology and characteristics of ischaemic stroke in young adults in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain.
A cross-sectional, multi-centre study was conducted by the neurology departments of all hospitals in the Aragonese Health Service. We identified all patients aged between 18 and 50 years who were admitted to any of these hospitals with a diagnosis of ischaemic stroke or TIA between January 2005 and December 2015. Data were collected on demographic variables, vascular risk factors, and type of stroke, among other variables.
During the study period, 786 patients between 18 and 50 years old were admitted with a diagnosis of ischaemic stroke or TIA to any hospital of Aragon, at a mean annual rate of 12.3 per 100 000 population. The median age was 45 years (IQR: 40-−48 years). The most prevalent vascular risk factor was tobacco use, in 404 patients (51.4%). The majority of strokes were of undetermined cause (36.2%), followed by other causes (26.5%). The median NIHSS score was 3.5 (IQR: 2.0-–7.0). In total, 211 patients (26.8%) presented TIA. Fifty-nine per cent of the patients admitted with a diagnosis of ischaemic stroke (10.3%) were treated with fibrinolysis.
Ischaemic stroke in young adults is not uncommon in Aragon, and is of undetermined aetiology in a considerable number of cases; it is therefore necessary to implement measures to improve study of the condition, to reduce its incidence, and to prevent its recurrence.
Alrededor de 15 millones de personas sufren un ictus cada año, de los que un 10-15% ocurre en menores de 50 años (ictus en el adulto joven). La prevalencia de los distintos factores de riesgo vascular y las estrategias sanitarias para el manejo del ictus varían a nivel mundial, siendo interesante conocer la epidemiología y las características específicas de cada región.
El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de los diferentes factores de riesgo vascular, la etiología y las características de los ictus isquémicos en el adulto joven en la comunidad autónoma de Aragón.
Estudio multicéntrico, de corte transversal, realizado por los Servicios de Neurología de todos los hospitales del Servicio Aragonés de Salud (SALUD). Se identificó a todos los pacientes entre 18 y 50 años que ingresaron en cualquiera de estos hospitales con el diagnóstico de ictus isquémico o AIT entre enero del 2005 y diciembre del 2015. Se recogieron variables demográficas, factores de riesgo vascular y tipo de ictus isquémico entre otras.
En el periodo de estudio, 786 pacientes entre 18 y 50 años ingresaron con el diagnóstico de ictus isquémico o AIT en algún hospital del SALUD, con una tasa anual promedio de 12,3 por 100.000 habitantes. La mediana de su edad fue de 45 años (RIQ: 40-48 años). El factor de riesgo vascular más prevalente fue el tabaquismo, 404 (51,4%). La mayoría fue de causa indeterminada (36,2%), seguida por «otras causas» (26,5%). La mediana de puntuación en la escala NIHSS fue de 3,5 (RIQ: 2,07,0). En total, 211 (26,8%) de los ingresos fueron por AIT. De los pacientes que ingresaron con el diagnóstico de ictus isquémico, 59 (10,3%) se fibrinolizaron.
El ictus isquémico en el adulto joven no es infrecuente en Aragón y en un importante número de casos es de etiología indeterminada, por lo que es necesario implementar medidas que nos permitan mejorar su estudio, disminuir su incidencia y prevenir su recurrencia.
Introduction
Our aim is to find features that define prognosis in surgically resected ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma readily accessible in everyday practice.
Materials and methods
Longitudinal ...retrospective case series of pancreatic adenocarcinoma operated with a curative intent in a large tertiary hospital in Madrid between 2009 and 2015.
Results
162 were enrolled. 40.8% survived less than 1 year. Multivariate Cox’s regression model revealed that gender, presence of symptoms, T and N stage independently influenced progression-free survival, while overall survival was determined by gender, smoking, presence of symptoms and N stage. Logistic regression analysis revealed that only symptoms at diagnosis could predict death, while gender, symptoms, histopathological type, vessel invasion, T stage and necrosis could independently predict recurrence.
Discussion
Our series show that patients with symptomatic disease at the time of diagnosis and females showed a shorter progression-free and overall survival. We herein propose a regression model to predict outcome.
Previous research has provided evidence that aerobic HIIT exercise can induce important physiological adaptations and elicit improvements in health and fitness parameters. However, most of the ...research has taken place in a laboratory setting with specialized equipment and monitoring devices. It begs the question, is HIIT accessible to the general aging population? The objective of the current research was to employ an age-predicted HRmax to prescribe a minimally invasive 4x4 cycle ergometer HIIT protocol. Ten participants (age: 64.2 ± 6.1) completed a non-weight-bearing cycle ergometer protocol for 6 weeks. Significant Pearson correlations were found between %HRmax and W/kg in seven of the ten participants. Two participants showed significant correlations between RPE and W/kg. Half of the participants exhibited a significant correlation between %HRmax and RPE. Pre- to post-intervention measures demonstrated a significant increase in lower limb strength by the 10-repetition chair sit-to-stand (
p
= 0.004) and 30-second sit-to-stand (
p
= 0.021). Increased functional capacity demonstrated by TUG (
p
= 0.001) and SB (
p
= 0.034) also presented significant differences pre- to post-intervention. There was a 96% participant session completion rate. These data imply that a simple 4x4 cycle ergometer HIIT protocol prescribed using a %HRmax is effective at increasing lower-limb power/strength and can be used in the general older adult population without excessive oversight. Our intervention protocol demonstrates that 6 weeks of cycle ergometer HIIT is an adequate amount of time to result in lower limb strength and functional capacity improvements in active older adults.
Background and Aim
There are few data concerning emergency double‐balloon enteroscopy (DBE) and its usefulness in the management of severe acute obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB). The aim of ...this retrospective study was to evaluate emergency DBE and capsule endoscopy (CE) in patients with overt OGIB, analyzing the feasibility of this combined approach.
Methods
Emergency DBE in patients with overt OGIB was defined as performance within 24 h of symptom onset. We reported 27 patients (16 men, mean age: 64.6 ± 17.9 years) with overt severe bleeding who underwent 29 emergency DBE (22 anterograde, 7 retrograde). Of 27 patients, 16 (59.3%) underwent CE with real time (RT) viewing.
Results
Patients were diagnosed with the following: Dieulafoy's lesion (DL; n = 11, 40.7%), angioectasia (n = 7, 25.9%), tumors (n = 4, 14.8%), diverticulum (n = 3, 11.1%), ulcers (n = 2, 7.4%). We diagnosed 23 lesions amenable to endoscopic hemostasis and successfully treated 21 of them (77.8%). DL detection rate was statistically higher in the emergency DBE group than in OGIB patients with DBE done 24 h after symptom onset (40.7% vs 0.9%, respectively, P < 0.001). Combined approach with RT viewing by CE correctly modified DBE management in four patients (25%).
Conclusions
Emergency DBE is feasible, safe and effective in acute OGIB and may avoid major surgery, diagnosing and successfully treating most patients. Combined approach with RT viewing by CE is especially useful to identify recurrent bleeding vascular lesions such as DL that may be easily misdiagnosed by non‐emergency DBE.
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