To compare the prevalence and characteristics of depression in vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) after adjusting for dementia severity and gender.
One hundred and eight pairs of ...VaD and AD patients matched for dementia severity and gender were assessed.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) was more prevalent in the VaD group than in the AD group (20.4% in VaD, 10.2% in AD, p = 0.04, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel, CMH, test) regardless of the dementia severity and gender. The odds ratio for developing MDD in the VaD group versus the AD group was estimated to be 2.20 (95% confidence interval = 1.02-4.74). Neurovegetative symptoms such as 'felt tired and weak all the time' (30.6% in VaD, 13.9% in AD, p = 0.003, CMH test) and 'changed weight without trying' (16.7% in VaD, 6.5% in AD, p = 0.02, CMH test) were more prevalent in the VaD group than in the AD group.
Depression in VaD was quantitatively and qualitatively different from that in AD regardless of the severity of dementia and gender; depression was more prevalent, severer and more retarded and vegetative in VaD than in AD.
The analgesic effect and its mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) on inflammatory pain, especially in the rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), have not yet been studied. This study was ...designed to investigate the analgesic effect and its cholinergic and serotonergic mechanism of EA in the CIA rat model. To induce CIA, male Sprague–Dawley rats were immunized with bovine type II collagen emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant, followed by a booster injection 14 days later. The analgesic effect was evaluated by tail flick latency (TFL). After induction of arthritis, the inflammatory pain threshold decreased as time passed and there was no big change of the pain threshold after 3 weeks. Three weeks after the first immunization, low frequency EA stimulation (2 Hz, 0.07 mA, 0.3 ms) delivered to Zusanli (ST
36) for 30 min showed the analgesic effect. Also, the analgesic effect of EA was blocked by pretreatment with atropine (muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg i.p.), spiroxatrine (5-HT1a receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg i.p.), and ondansetron (5-HT3 receptor antagonist, 0.5 mg/kg i.p.), but not by pretreatment with ketanserin (5-HT2 receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg i.p.). These results suggest that low frequency EA can relieve inflammatory pain in CIA and the analgesic effect of EA can be mediated by muscarinic cholinergic receptor, 5-HT1a and 5-HT3 receptors, but not by 5-HT2 receptor.
With the establishment and maturation of the experimental programs searching for new physics with sizeable couplings at the LHC, there is an increasing interest in the broader particle and ...astrophysics community for exploring the physics of light and feebly-interacting particles as a paradigm complementary to a New Physics sector at the TeV scale and beyond. FIPs 2020 has been the first workshop fully dedicated to the physics of feebly-interacting particles and was held virtually from 31 August to 4 September 2020. The workshop has gathered together experts from collider, beam dump, fixed target experiments, as well as from astrophysics, axions/ALPs searches, current/future neutrino experiments, and dark matter direct detection communities to discuss progress in experimental searches and underlying theory models for FIPs physics, and to enhance the cross-fertilisation across different fields. FIPs 2020 has been complemented by the topical workshop “Physics Beyond Colliders meets theory”, held at CERN from 7 June to 9 June 2020. This document presents the summary of the talks presented at the workshops and the outcome of the subsequent discussions held immediately after. It aims to provide a clear picture of this blooming field and proposes a few recommendations for the next round of experimental results.
MetaFluxNet is a program package for managing information on the metabolic reaction network and for quantitatively analyzing metabolic fluxes in an interactive and customized way. It allows users to ...interpret and examine metabolic behavior in response to genetic and/or environmental modifications. As a result, quantitative in silico simulations of metabolic pathways can be carried out to understand the metabolic status and to design the metabolic engineering strategies. The main features of the program include a well-developed model construction environment, user-friendly interface for metabolic flux analysis (MFA), comparative MFA of strains having different genotypes under various environmental conditions, and automated pathway layout creation. Availability: http://mbel.kaist.ac.kr/ Supplementary information: A manual for MetaFluxNet is available as PDF file.
Investigating the scaling behavior of annealed Ga1-xMnxAs anomalous Hall coefficients, we note a universal crossover regime where the scaling behavior changes from quadratic to linear. Furthermore, ...measured anomalous Hall conductivities in the quadratic regime when properly scaled by carrier concentration remain constant, spanning nearly a decade in conductivity as well as over 100 K in T_C and comparing favorably to theoretically predicated values for the intrinsic origins of the anomalous Hall effect. Both qualitative and quantitative agreements strongly point to the validity of new equations of motion including the Berry phase contributions as well as the tunability of the anomalous Hall effect.
Ferromagnetic micromechanical magnetometer Yang, H.H.; Myung, N.V.; Yee, J. ...
Sensors and actuators. A, Physical,
04/2002, Letnik:
97
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
A novel micromechanical magnetometer has been designed, fabricated, and tested that consists of low-stress electrodeposited magnetic alloys and surface-micromachined polysilicon structures. The ...sensor responds to applied magnetic fields without consuming any power and the magnitude of the angular response is scale independent. Theoretical models are developed and their predictions agree well with experimental results. Mechanical responses to fields as small as 200
nT have been optically detected for a micromechanical magnetometer with a
1000
μm
3×100
μm
3×10
μm
3 60Ni40Co magnetic element and a pair of
100
μm
3×4
μm
3×2
μm
3 polysilicon torsion beams.
The wrinkled frog, Rana rugosa, is a species complex that inhabits plains and mountains near freshwater bodies throughout East Asia, encompassing China, Korea, Japan, and the Russian Primorye region. ...Although extensive efforts are required to estimate cryptic diversity in the R. rugosa complex, no specifically designed microsatellite loci are available. Here, novel and polymorphic microsatellites were isolated based on the construction of a microsatellite-enriched library and characterized using R. rugosa specimens collected on the Korean Peninsula. A total of 72 primer sets were designed from approximately 400 positive clones, and 22 were validated as being reliably amplified and polymorphic. Overall, high genetic variability was observed (mean number of alleles per locus = 22.23; mean observed and expected heterozygosities = 0.770 and 0.816, respectively) from a total of 60 individuals sampled from two geographically isolated localities. In the two sites analyzed, an extremely low level of relatedness was inferred from the estimation of pairwise relatedness, and no evidence of a genetic bottleneck was detected. The two sites showed a high level of genetic differentiation, suggesting a clear signature of isolation following colonization. With high statistical power in parentage and sibship exclusion, these microsatellite loci will be suitable for the identification of cryptic diversity and population structure as well as the recognition of individuals in social interaction and captive breeding practice.
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