A novel liquid crystal display (LCD) driving concept for light shutters is presented, based on the driving signal polarity reversal controlled by the driving voltage integral across the LCD switching ...element electrodes, as opposed to plain periodic polarity reversal. This driving scheme optimizes the DC driving signal voltage balancing and guarantees compensation of the long-term (DC) component of the driving voltage within one polarity reversal cycle, irrespectively of driving voltage amplitude variations. The possibility of using longer times for the driving signals polarity reversals reduces the LCD switching elements power consumption (∼1
μA) compared to standard driving techniques (∼100
μA), which is important for portable devices such as welding light shutters.
The line opening process in the direct laser writing of graduation lines has been investigated as a typical optodynamic process. Two phase removal of the thin chromium film was assumed and analyzed ...experimentally and theoretically. The transmitted portion of the incoming laser pulse and the optoacoustic wave amplitude have been detected and used in monitoring the line opening dynamics.
The molecular order of water in liquid-crystalline 5–28% tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) solutions was studied by proton spin-spin, spin-lattice, and translational self-diffusion coefficient measurements ...at various concentrations as well as by deuteron D
2O nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies. The results show that the average H
2O molecule spends less than 1% of its time in an ordered state bound to the TMV backbone. The protons on the TMV molecules themselves, on the other hand have a very short spin-spin relaxation time T
2 of about 20
μs, demonstrating the existence of a high degree of liquid-crystalline order.
PDF