Seven Croatian
Stachys taxa (
S. alpina,
S. officinalis,
S. palustris,
S. recta subsp.
recta,
S. recta subsp.
subcrenata,
S. salviifolia and
S. sylvatica) have been investigated in order to determine ...their content of biologically active compounds (polyphenols, tannins, phenolic acids and flavonoids) as well as their antioxidant activity. All taxa tested had a high content of total polyphenols, medium content of total phenolic acids, and a rather low content of tannins and flavonoids. The total phenolic acids content correlated significantly with total polyphenols content and the content of polyphenols unadsorbed on hide powder. A low correlation between plant phenolic acids and tannins was observed. Methanolic, ethanolic and dichloromethane extracts were investigated using DPPH, lipid peroxidase and xanthine oxidase assays. The extracts showed no inhibitory effects against lipid peroxidation and xanthine oxidase, but they had the ability to scavenge DPPH. The most effective in the DPPH assay were methanolic extracts of
S. recta sub.
recta and
S. palustris whose radical scavenging activity was higher then that of the reference rutin. A low correlation between radical scavenging capacities of extracts with total flavonoids content was observed. The results indicate that investigated
Stachys taxa exhibit potent antiradical activity and therefore could be a potential material for extracting free radical scavengers.
The leaves and fruits of strawberry tree - Arbutus unedo L., collected from two separate geographic locations in Croatia were investigated to determine their flavonoid composition and content. ...Quercitrin, isoquercitrin, hyperoside and rutin were identified in all leaf samples by means of thin-layer chromatography; the fruits contained only isoquercitrin. Chlorogenic acid was present in some leaf samples. The content of flavonoids depended on the plant organ investigated, date of collection and the locality. Spectrophotometric determination of the flavonoids indicated that the leaves are richer in flavonoids (0.52-2.00%) than fruits (0.10-0.29%).
The aerial parts of H. perforatum subsp. perforatum and H. perforatum subsp. angustifolium were investigated for their chemical composition and antimicrobial activity. Spectrophotometric analysis ...indicated that H. perforatum subsp. perforatum is richer in flavonoids and tannins than the other subspecies. HPLC analysis confirmed the higher yield of flavonoids in H. perforatum subsp. perforatum and gave also a higher content of phenolic acids. H. perforatum subsp. angustifolium contained more hypericin. The presence of rutin was proven only in H. perforatum subsp. perforatum. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts of both subspecies was evaluated based on the inhibition zone diameters using the hole-plate diffusion method. The MeOH extracts, dichloromethane and petroleum ether fractions were effective against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis. The results indicate that H. perforatum subsp. angustifolium had a stronger antimicrobial effect than the other subspecies.
Quantitative spectrometric analyses of the contents of flavonoids, tannins and total polyphenols in the aerial parts of rock samphire--Crithmum maritimum L., collected from three separated geographic ...locations along the Adriatic coast of Croatia in different growth stages, are reported. The results point to variability of the analyte content as a function of the growing site and growth stage. The content of flavonoids was found to be 0.08-0.42%. The highest content of flavonoids was found in the samples collected before flowering. The content of tannins ranged from 0.10 to 2.65%, while the content of total polyphenols varied from 4.72 to 9.48%. The highest contents of tannins and total polyphenols were found in the samples collected before flowering and at the beginning of flowering.
The essential oils of two samples of Thymus bracteosus Vis. ex Benth. (Lamiaceae) collected in Croatia were examined by GC/MS and GC-FID. The major compounds were germacrene D (29.0%) and ...beta-caryophyllene (13.1%), respectively.
The tribe Alysseae consists of a significant group of plants found in the Croatian native flora. It comprises seven genera: Alyssoides, Alyssum, Aurinia, Berteroa, Clypeola, Degenia and Fibigia with ...a certain number of various endemics. Relationships, distribution and taxonomic limits of the taxa from the genera Alyssum and Aurinia were unclear and controversial as a result of polymorphism. Therefore, revision and analysis of comprehensive plant material has been done using a biosystematic and chemotaxonomical approach. Differences between taxa from the genera Alyssum and Aurinia are clearly detected. In this study two new varieties are described: Alyssum desertorum Stapf var. socolacicum Plazibat, var. nov. and A. serpyllifolium Desf. var. metajnae Plazibat, var. nov. The following new combinations are proposed: Aurinia leucadea (Guss.) K. Koch subsp. media (Host) Plazibat, stat. et comb. nov., Aurinia leucadea subsp. scopulorum (Ginzb.) Plazibat, comb. nov., A. petraea (Ard.) Schur subsp. corymbosa (Griseb.) Plazibat, stat. et comb. nov. and A. petraea subsp. microcarpa (Vis.) Plazibat, comb. nov. Presented revision shows that twenty three taxa of the tribe Alysseae grow in Croatia: Alyssoides utriculata, Alyssum alyssoides, A. montanum subsp. gmelinii, A. montanum subsp. molliusculum, A. montanum subsp. montanum, A. montanum subsp. pagense, A. murale, A. repens subsp. transsilvanicum, A. serpyllifolium var. metajnae, A. simplex, A. strigosum, Aurinia leucadea subsp. leucadea, A. leucadea subsp. media, A. leucadea subsp. scopulorum, A. petraea subsp. microcarpa, A. saxatilis subsp. orientalis, A. saxatilis subsp. saxatilis, A. sinuata, Berteroa incana, B. mutabilis, Clypeola jonthlaspi subsp. jonthlaspi, Degenia velebitica and Fibigia triquetra.
U Botanickom zavodu Prirodoslovno-matematickog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu smjesten je od 1998. godine »Herbarij Ivo i Marija Horvat (ZAHO)« koji se dotada nalazio na razlicitim neodgovarajucim ...mjestima. Ova velika i dobro sacuvana zbirka sadrzi u najvecem postotku vaskularne biljke ubrane u Hrvatskoj, Sloveniji, Bosni i Hercegovini, Crnoj Gori, Srbiji, Makedoniji, Grckoj, Bugarskoj, Rumunjskoj, Slovackoj, Poljskoj, Norveskoj, Svedskoj, Finskoj, manjem dijelu bivseg SSSR-a, Italiji i Svicarskoj. Osim navedenih zemalja u kojima je biljni materijal skupljao osobno I. Horvat (1897.-1963.) u zbirci se nalazi i florna grada brojnih drugih skupljaca dobivena razmjenom i nabavkama s raznih strana svijeta. Herbarij sadrzi 71.611 listova od kojih su pojedine skupine bilja zastupljene sa slijedecim brojevima: Alge 7, Gljive 310, Lisaji 281, Mahovine 4.730, Paprati i Sjemenjace 64.829, Grcka 976, Finska 196 i Norveska 282. Precizan broj opseznog biljnog materijala i pojedinih svojti prikazan je u tekstu i u skladu je s izvornim rukopisom Marije Horvat (1909.-1994.). Nekoliko tisuca listova razlicitog bilja sto ga je skupio I. Horvat uklopljeno je u Hrvatski herbarij (ZA) tako da ce ukupan broj njegova materijala biti poznat nakon detaljne obrade obiju zbirki koje se konacno nalaze u istom Zavodu. Zbog navedene okolnosti uklonjeni su prethodni problemi uvjetovani neodgovarajucim smjestajem te je omogucena posudba i obrada ovog bogatog floristickog materijala koji je sad postao lako dostupan svim botanicarima sto se odmah pozitivno odrazilo na objavljivanje znanstvenih priloga.
Croatia is among those European countries without an Atlas of Flora produced till today as a result of constant lack of greater number of active botanists and inconsistency in gathering data in the ...field. Recently, a standard for collection of data, based on the Central European MTB (abbreviation of German term “Meßtischblätter” that stands for a sheet of topographic map) grid was proposed and tested in the field on the “Medvednica Nature Park” on Medvednica mountain near the city of Zagreb. Using the data collected in 97 MTB/64 quadrants (presence/absence of plant species), we tested the potential of estimating species occurrence at the proposed grid by models in a function of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM)-based variables, namely altitude, terrain slope, terrain aspect, and flow accumulation potential. Because of significant spatial variability of environmental factors within MTB/64 quadrants, each one was represented by descriptive statistics (median, 5-, 25-, 75- and 95-percentiles) of DEM-based variables. Thirty-seven plant species were selected arbitrarily, on the basis of their frequency in the studied area (40–60% of all quadrants). Three methods for development of predictive model were used and compared: discriminant analyses, logistic regression, and classification trees. Yielded results suggest that spatial modelling could be probably applied in flora mapping, which would optimise fieldwork. However, decreasing of mapping unit area is recommended, especially for rare species. For larger areas, inclusion of other environmental predictors (macroclimatic, lithological, landuse) in models is probably needed.
Tribus Alysseae obuhvaća jednu od značajnijih skupina biljaka hrvatske flore u kojoj se nalaze rodovi Alyssoides, Alyssum, Aurinia, Berteroa, Clypeola, Degenia i Fibigia s određenim brojem endema ...različitog taksonomskog stupnja. Unutar rodova Alyssum i Aurinia bilo je dosta neriješenih problema povezanih s velikim polimorfizmom morfoloških svojstava zbog kojih su postojala raznovrsna gledišta o statusu, broju i rasprostranjenju nekih svojti. Zbog toga je izvršena revizija i obrada opsežnog biljnog materijala pomoću biosistematskih i kemotaksonomskih metoda. Utvrđene su jasne razlike između pojedinih svojti kod rodova Alyssum i Aurinia. U radu su opisane dvije nove varijacije: Alyssum desertorum Stapf var. socolacicum Plazibat, var. nov. i A. serpyllifolium Desf. var. metajnae Plazibat, var. nov. Predložene su slijedeće preinake: Aurinia leucadea (Guss.) K. Koch subsp. media (Host) Plazibat, stat. et comb. nov., A. leucadea subsp. scopulorum (Ginzb.) Plazibat, comb. nov., A. petraea (Ard.) Schur subsp. corymbosa (Griseb.) Plazibat, stat. et comb. nov. i A. petraea subsp. microcarpa (Vis.) Plazibat, comb. nov. Revizija pokazuje da u Hrvatskoj rastu 23 svojte tribusa Alysseae: Alyssoides utriculata, Alyssum alyssoides, A. montanum subsp. gmelinii, A. montanum subsp. molliusculum, A. montanum subsp. montanum, A. montanum subsp. pagense, A. murale, A. repens subsp. transsilvanicum, A. serpyllifolium var. metajnae, A. simplex, A. strigosum, Aurinia leucadea subsp. leucadea, A. leucadea subsp. media, A. leucadea subsp. scopulorum, A. petraea subsp. microcarpa, A. saxatilis subsp. orientalis, A. saxatilis subsp. saxatilis, A. sinuata, Berteroa incana, B. mutabilis, Clypeola jonthlaspi subsp. jonthlaspi, Degenia velebitica i Fibigia triquetra.
Essential oils of seven Stachys taxa from Croatia Vundac, Vjera Bilusic; Pfeifhofer, Hartwig W.; Brantner, Adelheid H. ...
Biochemical systematics and ecology,
12/2006, Letnik:
34, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The essential oils of
Stachys alpina L.,
Stachys officinalis (L.) Trevis.,
Stachys palustris L.,
Stachys recta L. subsp.
recta,
S. recta L. subsp.
subcrenata (Vis.) Briq.,
Stachys salviifolia Ten., ...and
Stachys sylvatica L. were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the main group of constituents of all taxa, except
S. alpina, which was rich in oxygenated sesquiterpenes.
S. alpina and
S. palustris had a significant aldehyde fraction and a high amount of alcohols. Some differences in the essential oil composition of two subspecies of
S. recta (
S. recta subsp.
recta and
S. recta subsp.
subcrenata), growing under almost identical conditions, have been found.
