This study examined factors including health-related anxiety, preexisting misinformation beliefs, and repeated exposure contributing to individuals' acceptance of health misinformation. Through a ...large-scale online survey, this study found that health-related anxiety was positively associated with health misinformation acceptance. Preexisting misinformation beliefs, as well as repeated exposure to health misinformation, were both positively associated with health misinformation acceptance. The results also showed that demographic variables were significantly associated with health misinformation acceptance. In general, females accepted more health misinformation compared to males. Participants' age was negatively associated with health misinformation acceptance. Participants' education level and income were both negatively associated with their acceptance of health misinformation.
A high-performance room temperature methanol gas sensor based on alpha-iron oxide/polyaniline/lead sulfide quantum dots (α-Fe
2
O
3
/PANI/PbS QDs) nanofilm was demonstrated in this paper, among which ...the α-Fe
2
O
3
was an urchin-shaped hollow microsphere. The sensing film was fabricated on an epoxy substrate with interdigital electrodes via successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction technique. The prepared α-Fe
2
O
3
/PANI/PbS QDs nanocomposite was examined by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning election microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrum. The methanol sensing performances of the α-Fe
2
O
3
/PANI/PbS QDs film sensor were investigated against methanol from 10 to 100 ppm at room temperature. The experimental results indicated that the methanol sensor in this work had an excellent response, outstanding selectivity and good repeatability at room temperature. The underlying sensing mechanism of the α-Fe
2
O
3
/PANI/PbS QDs film toward methanol was ascribed to a series of interactions and changes on the surface of thin films, which make their resistance change greatly. Larger surface area and much more active adsorption sites also played an important role.
Cell membrane (CM) is a phospholipid bilayer that maintains integrity of a whole cell and relates to many physiological and pathological processes. Developing CM imaging tools is a feasible method ...for visualizing membrane-related events. In recent decades, small-molecular fluorescent probes in the near-infrared (NIR) region have been pursued extensively for CM staining to investigate its functions and related events. In this review, we summarize development of such probes from the aspect of design principles, CM-targeting mechanisms and biological applications. Moreover, at the end of this review, the challenges and future research directions in designing NIR CM-targeting probes are discussed. This review indicates that more efforts are required to design activatable NIR CM-targeting probes, easily prepared and biocompatible probes with long retention time regarding CM, super-resolution imaging probes for monitoring CM nanoscale organization and multifunctional probes with imaging and phototherapy effects.
Previous studies have reported that general or photo-specific social media use was associated with women's body dissatisfaction and body image disturbance. The current study replicated and expanded ...upon these findings by identifying the positive association between social media influencer viewing and intentions to change appearance. This study surveyed a sample of 7,015 adult female TikTok users in China regarding their social media influencer viewing frequency, self-objectification, social comparison tendencies when watching short videos, intentions to change appearance, and demographics. The results showed that female TikTok users' self-objectification mediated the association between their influencer viewing frequency and their intentions to change appearance. Furthermore, social comparison tendencies moderated the association between influencer viewing and intentions to change appearance in that the proposed association was stronger for female TikTok users who had lower social comparison tendencies when watching short videos, compared to female TikTok users who had higher social comparison tendencies. The counter-intuitive finding on social comparison tendencies indicated that women who have higher social comparison tendencies may be more aware of the negative influences and adjust their expectations. The observed association between social media influencer viewing and intentions to change appearance was statistically significant but trivial in terms of effect size. Although the result could warn policymakers and practitioners to design media and health literacy campaigns to cultivate body positivity, caution should be exercised when evaluating the practical implications.
Sodium selenite was added to basal diet at five levels (0.10, 0.42, 0.67, 1.06 and 1.46 mg Se/kg) and fed fish for 8 weeks. The dietary selenium requirement of juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama ...amblycephala) was quantified. Dietaryseleniums at 0.67–1.06 mg Se/kg improved weight gain rate, specific growth rate and feed efficiency. The optimal amount was 0.96 mg/kg, for which the specific growth rate was 1.798%/day and the weight gain rate was 173.852% (p < 0.05). Se deposition in muscle was increased (p < 0.05) at ≥0.67 mg/kg, but moisture, protein, lipid and ash content were not affected. Physiological status and lipid metabolism were improved by 1.06–1.46 mg/kg dietary selenium based on total protein and albumin in plasma, and total cholesterol and triglycerides (p < 0.05). Activities of hepatic anti-oxidant enzymes catalase, total superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione were enhanced at Se1.06 (p < 0.05). However, malondialdehyde content was lowered at Se1.06 (p < 0.05). Expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap-1) in liver were elevated at Se1.06 (p < 0.05), as were mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase, copper zinc superoxide dismutase and catalase. Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin 8, tumour necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor-β were inhibited at 0.67–1.46 mg/kg (p < 0.05). In general, 0.96 mg/kg was optimal, and optimal selenium enhanced antioxidant stress tolerance and anti-inflammatory ability.
•Growth performance, plasma biochemical parameters were affected by dietary selenium levels.•The dietary selenium requirement was estimated to be 0.96 mg/kg of diet.•The optimal dietary selenium level could reduce plasma cholesterol, then improve the hepatic antioxidant capacity.•The optimal dietary selenium level could enhance the hepatic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability.
This study examined national similarities and differences in people's engagement in health preventive behaviors during a public health crisis, as well as investigated the underlying individual-level ...psychological mechanisms. A conceptual distinction was made between self-focused and other-involved preventive behaviors in response to public health crises.
Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted in the United States (
= 888) and China (
= 844) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hayes' PROCESS was utilized to assess national differences in seven preventive behaviors, along with the mediating effects of self-construal and health locus of control.
The results showed that American participants reported greater engagement in self-focused preventive behaviors than Chinese, whereas Chinese participants reported greater engagement in other-involved preventive behaviors than Americans. Chinese participants also engaged more in other-involved than self-focused preventive behaviors. Self-construal and health locus of control partially explained the observed differences in engagement in preventive behaviors.
This study introduces a culture-sensitive approach to provide insights for crafting communication interventions that can enhance the effectiveness of health campaigns in the context of a public health crisis.
The current study examined the effect of exposure to online support-seeking posts containing different levels of depth self-disclosure (baseline, peripheral, core) affecting the quality ...(person-centeredness and politeness) of participants’ support-provision messages. Participants of the study were assigned to the role of a support-provider. Compared to participants who read support-seeking posts with baseline and core self-disclosure, participants who read support-seeking posts with peripheral self-disclosure rated the support-seekers as less anonymous. Compared to participants who read support-seeking posts in the baseline condition, participants who read the support-seeking posts with peripheral self-disclosure wrote support-provision messages with higher level of person-centeredness and politeness. Participants’ perceived anonymity of the support-seekers mediated the effect of the depth of self-disclosure on the politeness of the response messages.
Severe COVID-19 is associated with profound lymphopenia and an elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio. We applied a novel dimer avoidance multiplexed polymerase chain reaction next-generation ...sequencing assay to analyze T (TCR) and B cell receptor (BCR) repertoires. Surprisingly, TCR repertoires were markedly diminished during the early onset of severe disease but recovered during the convalescent stage. Monitoring TCR repertoires could serve as an indicative biomarker to predict disease progression and recovery. Panoramic concurrent assessment of BCR repertoires demonstrated isotype switching and a transient but dramatic early IgA expansion. Dominant B cell clonal expansion with decreased diversity occurred following recovery from infection. Profound changes in T cell homeostasis raise critical questions about the early events in COVID-19 infection and demonstrate that immune repertoire analysis is a promising method for evaluating emergent host immunity to SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, with great implications for assessing vaccination and other immunological therapies.
This study evaluated the mechanisms governing insulin resistance, glucose metabolism and lipogenesis in juvenile fish fed with graded levels of dietary arginine. The results showed that, compared ...with the control group (0.87%), 2.31% dietary arginine level resulted in the upregulation of the relative gene expression of IRS-1, PI3K and Akt in the insulin signaling pathway, while 2.70% dietary arginine level led to inhibition of these genes. 1.62% dietary arginine level upregulated glycolysis by increasing GK mRNA level; 2.70% dietary arginine level upregulated gluconeogenesis and resulted in high plasma glucose content by increasing PEPCK and G6P mRNA level. Furthermore, 2.70% dietary arginine level significantly lowered GLUT2 and increased PK mRNA levels. 1.62% dietary arginine level significantly upregulated ACC, FAS and G6PDH mRNA levels in the fat synthesis pathway and resulted in high plasma TG content. These results indicate that 1.62% dietary arginine level improves glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis in juvenile blunt snout bream. However, 2.70% dietary arginine level results in high plasma glucose, which could lead to negative feedback of insulin resistance, including inhibition of IRS-1 mRNA levels and activation of gluconeogenesis-related gene expression. This mechanism seems to be different from mammals at the molecular level.
In this paper, cobalt-based metal–organic framework (Co-MOF) precursor is synthesized on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass through an electrodeposition and solvothermal process. Then, cobalt ...diselenide (CoSe
2
-D) film is directly obtained through a selenization process. Meanwhile, Co-MOF film is also fabricated by spraying Co-MOF solution onto FTO glass, and selenized to form CoSe
2
(CoSe
2
-S) film. It is found that CoSe
2
-S film is composed of particles with porous structure, which is beneficial to increase electrocatalytic active sites and provide more diffusion channels for the I
−
/I
3
−
redox couples. As a result, CoSe
2
-S counter-electrode (CE) displays a higher electrocatalytic performance than those of platinum (Pt) and CoSe
2
-D CEs. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) based on CoSe
2
-S CE is up to 6.86%, which is larger than that of the DSC based on Pt CE (6.36%). The results indicate the potential of using CoSe
2
as low-cost and facile CE for DSCs.
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