Cataract surgery in patients with dry eyes Ram, Jagat; Sharma, Ashok; Pandav, Surinder Singh ...
Journal of cataract and refractive surgery,
08/1998, Letnik:
24, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Purpose: To evaluate the potential causes of postoperative complications and the visual outcome after surgery for age-related cataract in dry eyes.
Setting: Tertiary-care multidisciplinary referral ...medical institution.
Methods: The records of 15 patients (21 eyes) with age-related cataract, a Schirmer value of 5.0 mm or less in 5 minutes, and a tear-film breakup time of 5 seconds or less having complications after cataract surgery were reviewed. Patients were assigned to 1 of 2 groups: dry eye with probable secondary Sjögren's syndrome (Group 1); dry eye without connective tissue disorders (Group 2). The surgical procedure, preoperative and postoperative medications, postoperative complications, and final visual outcome were analyzed.
Results: Ten eyes (8 patients) in Group 1 and 11 (7 patients) in Group 2 had cataract surgery. In Group 1, postoperative endophthalmitis developed in 3 eyes and peripheral keratolysis in 4; 5 eyes attained a visual acuity between 6/60 and 6/18 2 years after surgery. In Group 2, filamentary keratitis developed in 6 eyes and peripheral keratolysis in 2 eyes; 6 eyes achieved a visual acuity of 6/12 or better 2 years after surgery. A significant decrease in visual acuity occurred between 3 months and 2 years postoperatively in both Group 1 (P= .010) and Group 2 (P .0005).
Conclusion: Cataract surgery in dry eyes had fewer complications and better visual outcome in patients who did not have connective tissue disease than in those who did.
Purpose of Review
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a remarkably accelerated development of vaccines worldwide. However, an effective distribution system is crucial for vaccination ...at a national level. Ecuador was one of the first Latin American countries to be most severely affected by the pandemic. It has been struggling to expand its vaccination drive and requires a strategy that provides an achievable vaccination rate and maintains its primary care services. This study aims to provide an efficient vaccination model to achieve herd immunity by utilizing the country’s existing infrastructure (the centralized electoral system) for mass vaccination.
Recent Findings
The national electoral data from 2017 and 2021 were used to create estimates for the proposed vaccination model. Two model variations, total personnel, needed, and the number of days needed to vaccinate 50%, 75%, and 100% of the population were considered. The numbers of vaccines needed, and vaccination sites were estimated based on the current number of registered voters and polling stations. The results from the proposed model show that 17,892,353 people can be vaccinated, at 40,093 polling stations, by 90,209 personnel if one vaccinator was available per polling station.
Summary
Based on this model, even a conservative estimate shows that 12.56 days are needed to achieve herd immunity, and 16.74 days are needed to vaccinate the entire population of Ecuador. Additionally, we propose that this vaccination model can be used as a blueprint for any country to address similar catastrophes in the future.
We describe a case of buphthalmos and coexisting cataract undergoing clear corneal phacoemulsification where a routinely available, normal sized lens was implanted using the novel technique of ...'Rhexis fixation of IOL'.
The greater the score, higher is the value of total social support. Because different dimensions of social support had different numbers of items and hence different mean scores, a transformed scored ...from 0 to 100 was obtained for comparison by dividing the difference between the mean value and the minimum possible value for the given dimension by the difference between the maximum and minimum possible value for the dimension.
Abstract Objective: To compare the postoperative performance of hydrophobic acrylic and silicone square-edge intraocular lenses in pediatric cataract. Design: Prospective randomized study. ...Participants: Forty-one eyes of 41 children (age 1 month to 8 years) with congenital or developmental cataract. Methods: Children were randomly divided into 2 groups. All participants underwent phacoaspiration, primary posterior capsulotomy, and anterior vitrectomy. Group A ( n = 21) eyes were implanted with acrylic hydrophobic AcrySof SA60AT intraocular lenses (IOLs), and those of Group B ( n = 20) were implanted with silicone Tecnis Z9000 IOLs. The children were evaluated for anterior chamber reaction, IOL position, posterior capsular opacifica-tion (PCO), intraocular pressure, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal status, and refractive errors. Results: Postoperatively, 2 eyes in each group had significant anterior chamber reaction with fibrin membrane formation. IOLs were in the capsular bag in all but 1 eye in both groups. Seven eyes in the acrylic group and 6 eyes in the silicone group achieved visual acuity of 20/40 or better. None of the eyes showed glaucoma. BCVA at 1 year was similar in both groups. In the acrylic hydrophobic group, 14 eyes needed hypermetropic correction and 7 eyes were myopic, and in the silicone group 10 eyes had myopia and 10 eyes had hypermetropia at 1 year postoperatively. PCO at 1 yearfollow-up was more common in eyes implanted with acrylic hydrophobic IOLs (5 eyes) than silicone IOLs (2 eyes). Conclusions: Both square-edge hydrophobic acrylic and silicone IOLs were found to be compatible and safe for use in pediatric cataract surgery with similar visual axis clarity and postoperative outcome.
Abstract Background: To study the effectiveness of Nd:YAG laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) for primary angle closure in Asian Indian patients. Methods: Retrospective analyses of patients who ...underwent LPI and completed a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Eyes were classified as primary angle-closure suspects (PACS), primary angle closure (PAC), and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). The indications for LPI, requirement of medication, and subsequent clinical course were studied in each group. Results: 103 eyes of 55 patients were analyzed. The mean (SD) follow-up was 45.6 (2) months. The mean age in women was less than in men (55.7 8.3 vs. 62.1 7.8 years). Twenty-seven eyes were classified as PACS, 43 eyes as PAC, and 33 eyes as PACG. After LPI, no eye with PACS progressed to PAC or PACG. Four of 43 eyes (9.3%) with PAC progressed to PACG. Twenty-five of the 33 eyes (75.8%) with PACG did not progress after LPI during the study period. Patients with ≤2 quadrants of angle closure at baseline had 7.7% odds of progression compared with 100% odds in patients with >2 quadrants of angle closure (risk ratio 12.9). Interpretation: After LPI, the rate of progression from PAC to PACG was less than expected from the reported natural course of the disease, and the majority of eyes with PACG remained stable. LPI appears to alter the natural course of PACS, PAC, and PACG favourably.
Thymosin alpha 1 is a peptide naturally occurring in the thymus that has long been recognized for modifying, enhancing, and restoring immune function. Thymosin alpha 1 has been utilized in the ...treatment of immunocompromised states and malignancies, as an enhancer of vaccine response, and as a means of curbing morbidity and mortality in sepsis and numerous infections. Studies have postulated that thymosin alpha 1 could help improve the outcome in severely ill corona virus disease 2019 patients by repairing damage caused by overactivation of lymphocytic immunity and how thymosin alpha 1 could prevent the excessive activation of T cells. In this review, we discuss key literature on the background knowledge and current clinical uses of thymosin alpha 1. Considering the known biochemical properties including antibacterial and antiviral properties, time-honored applications, and the new promising findings regarding the use of thymosin, we believe that thymosin alpha 1 deserves further investigation into its antiviral properties and possible repurposing as a treatment against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2.
The proposed work presents a compact hexagonal monopole antenna for wide-band applications. Defected ground structure method is used to enhance impedance bandwidth. The antenna is miniaturized by ...using a hexagonal radiating patch placed on an FR4 substrate material having relative permittivity 4.4. The dimensions of the antenna are limited to 36 mm × 26 mm × 1.6 mm. The antenna covers an operational bandwidth of 66.1% spanning from 3.12 GHz to 6.20 GHz. The proposed monopole shows the S 11 values of -22.6dB and -25.1dB at 3.74 GHz and 5.76 GHz, in the band. A peak gain factor of 2.7 dBi is observed at 5.76 GHz. The presented antenna shows a cross-polar difference of 44 dB with stable radiation characteristics making it suitable for S and Cband applications.
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