A note on locally invo-regular rings Pandey, SK
International Journal of Statistics and Applied Mathematics,
09/2022, Letnik:
7, Številka:
5
Journal Article
To evaluate anterior capsule staining using 3 dyes to perform continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) in postmortem human eyes with advanced/white cataract.
Center for Research on Ocular ...Therapeutics and Biodevices, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
In experimental closed-system surgery, CCC was performed in 12 postmortem human eyes with cataract after the anterior capsule was stained with 3 capsule dyes (fluorescein sodium 2%, indocyanine green ICG 0.5%, and trypan blue 0.1%). Two commonly used techniques for capsule staining were also compared: staining within an air bubble and intracameral subcapsular injection of dye.
In all globes, CCC was uneventful using the 3 dyes and with both techniques. With the intracameral subcapsular injection, the dye remained trapped in the subcapsular space in contact with the posterior surface of the anterior capsule, allowing enough time to perform any maneuver. The staining provided by ICG, at the concentration used, was slightly superior to that of the other dyes. Leakage of fluorescein sodium into the vitreous cavity was seen using the Miyake–Apple posterior video/photographic technique.
Intracameral subcapsular injection of ICG allowed the easiest recognition of the capsular flap by staining the posterior surface of the anterior capsule and without leaking into the vitreous cavity.
Current understanding of microRNA (miRNA) biology is limited, and antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) inhibition of miRNAs is a powerful technique for their functionalization. To uncover the role of the ...liver-specific miR-122 in the adult liver, we inhibited it in mice with a 2′-O-methoxyethyl phosphorothioate ASO. miR-122 inhibition in normal mice resulted in reduced plasma cholesterol levels, increased hepatic fatty-acid oxidation, and a decrease in hepatic fatty-acid and cholesterol synthesis rates. Activation of the central metabolic sensor AMPK was also increased. miR-122 inhibition in a diet-induced obesity mouse model resulted in decreased plasma cholesterol levels and a significant improvement in liver steatosis, accompanied by reductions in several lipogenic genes. These results implicate miR-122 as a key regulator of cholesterol and fatty-acid metabolism in the adult liver and suggest that miR-122 may be an attractive therapeutic target for metabolic disease.
Purpose:
To compare the amount of capsulorhexis ovaling and capsular bag stretch produced by various intraocular lenses (IOLs) implanted in pediatric human eyes obtained post-mortem.
Setting:
David ...J. Apple, MD Laboratories for Ophthalmic Devices Research, John A. Moran Eye Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Methods:
In this nonrandomized comparative study, 16 pediatric human eyes obtained postmortem were divided into 2 groups: Eight eyes were obtained from children younger than 2 years (Group A), and 8 eyes were obtained from children older than 2 years (Group B). All eyes were prepared according to the Miyake-Apple posterior video technique. Six types of rigid and foldable posterior chamber IOLs manufactured from poly(methyl methacrylate) (single-piece), silicone (plate and loop haptics), and hydrophobic acrylic (single-piece and 3-piece AcrySof®, Alcon Laboratories) biomaterials were implanted. The capsulorhexis opening and capsular bag diameters were measured before IOL implantation and after in-the-bag IOL fixation with the haptics (or the main axis) at the 3 to 9 o'clock meridian. The percentage of ovaling of the capsulorhexis opening was calculated by noting the difference in the opening's horizontal diameter before and after IOL implantation. The percentage of capsular bag stretch was also calculated by noting the difference in the horizontal capsular bag diameter before and after IOL implantation.
Results:
All IOLs produced ovaling of the capsulorhexis opening and stretching of the capsular bag parallel to the IOL haptics. There were significant differences in capsulorhexis ovaling and capsular bag stretch (
P<.001, analysis of variance) between the 6 IOL types in each group of eyes. The postimplantation difference was significant only between the single-piece hydrophobic acrylic IOL (AcrySof) and the other IOLs. The single-piece hydrophobic acrylic IOL was associated with significantly less capsulorhexis ovaling and capsular bag stretch in both groups (mean 12.06% ± 0.59% SD and 7.6% ± 1.47%, respectively).
Conclusions:
Modern rigid and foldable IOLs designed for the adult population implanted in the capsular bag of infants and children produced variable degrees of capsulorhexis ovaling and capsular bag stretch. The Miyake-Apple posterior video technique confirmed the well-maintained configuration of the capsular bag (with minimal ovaling) after implantation of a single-piece hydrophobic acrylic IOL because of its flexible haptic design.
•Tumor cells display augmented inflammation & reprogrammed metabolism.•Diclofenac is a potent NSAID which inhibit tumor metabolism.•Molecular docking analysis revealed multiple targets of ...diclofenac.•Docking targets included molecules regulating tumor metabolism.•Diclofenac possesses potential for anticancer therapeutics.
Diclofenac is a potent NSAID of clinical choice, which is widely used for containing inflammation. Moreover, recent experimental evidences overwhelmingly substantiate its antineoplastic potential. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of diclofenac's anticancer activity remain poorly understood. Neoplastic cells display reprogrammed metabolic features, which are manifested and regulated by a complex networking of molecular pathways. However, the effect of diclofenac on tumor cell metabolism are not yet clearly deciphered. Hence, the present investigation was carried out to identify and characterize key diclofenac targets of tumor metabolism, cell survival and chemoresistance. The interactions of diclofenac with such targets was analysed by PatchDock and YASARA (Yet Another Scientific Artificial Reality Application). The docking ability of diclofenac with its targets was based on analysis of dissociation constant (Kd), geometric shape complementarity score (GSC score), approximate interface area (AI area) and binding energy. The findings of this investigation reveal that diclofenac is capable of interacting with all of the selected molecular targets. Prominent interactions were observed with GLUT1, MCT4, LDH A, COX1, COX2, BCRP/ABCG2, HDM2/MDM2 and MRP1 compared to other targets. Interactions were of noncovalent nature involving ionic, hydrophobic interactions, Van der Waals forces and H-bonds, which varied depending on targets. This study for the first time, characterizes the nature of molecular interactions of diclofenac with selected targets involved in cancer cell metabolism, pH homeostasis, chemosensitivity, cell signalling and inflammation. Hence, these findings will be highly beneficial in optimizing the utility of diclofenac in development of novel cancer therapeutics.
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Public administration finds itself in an era of government by performance management, which is reflected in the widespread assumption that management is a key determinant of performance, and that it ...is reasonable to expect managers to measurably improve organizational effectiveness. This article joins a growing literature in seeking to conceptualize and empirically test how external environmental influences and internal management factors combine to create performance, relying on data from the 2002–2003 National Administrative Studies Project (NASP-II) survey of state government health and human services officials. We categorize managerial efforts to facilitate organizational performance as determined either through their interactions with the organizational environment, or through employing workable levers to change internal organizational culture, structure, and technology. Among the external environmental variables we find that the support of elected officials and the influence of the public and media have a positive impact on effectiveness. Among internal management choices, the ability to create a developmental organizational culture, establish a focus on results through goal clarity, and decentralize decision-making authority are all positively associated with organizational effectiveness.
This study explores the relationship between organizational red tape and work alienation. While bureaucratic controls have long been considered sources of worker detachment, the relationship between ...red tape and managerial alienation has not been explicitly tested. When managers encounter rules, regulations, or procedures that seem pointless yet burdensome, these encounters may simultaneously trigger the key psychological ingredients of alienation—powerlessness and meaninglessness. These in turn are expected to reduce organizational commitment, job involvement, and job satisfaction, alienation indicators used in this study. To test these expectations, the study uses data from the National Administrative Studies Project (NASP-II). NASP-II surveyed managers in state health and human service agencies, producing a response rate of approximately 53 percent. Statistical analyses indicate that perceived personnel red tape is a consistently negative and statistically significant influence in all alienation models. Perceived organizational red tape is statistically significant and negative in all but the job involvement model. Other bureaucratic control mechanisms included in the models also appear to be sources of alienation, including centralization and technology routineness. However, formalization appears to be a mitigating, not exacerbating, influence on alienation. Considered together, these results suggest that red tape and other forms of bureaucratic control have adverse effects on the psychological attachment felt by public managers to their workplace.
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