The Induction Motor (IM) is one of the most frequently used prime movers in most industrial and transportation systems. The motor's stable and safe operation directly influences the secure and ...reliable operation of such prime movers. Developing an intelligent fault diagnosis system for such motors is very significant. This paper presents an intelligent fault diagnosis method based on the improved functionality of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) through its hyperparameter optimization using a nature‐inspired Artificial Bee Colony Optimization (ABCO) algorithm. The proposed diagnostic method introduces and analyses various possible mechanical and electrical faults in the IM. The validation of the proposed method is presented with three different modalities, including vibration, acoustic, and infrared thermography, with their comparative performance analysis. Vibration and acoustic‐based detection are done with time‐frequency scalograms using Constant Q Transform (CQT), which provides enhanced time resolution for lower and higher frequencies. The obtained result indicates that the infrared thermography‐based anomaly detection outperforms the vibration and acoustic‐based diagnosis with 100% classification accuracy. The results signify the potential to diagnose different mechanical and electrical faults in IM with substantial reliability and robustness.
After gaining entry through ACE2 aided by TMPRSS2, the SARS-CoV-2 causes serious complications of the cardiovascular system leading to myocarditis and other myocardial injuries apart from causing ...lung, kidney and brain dysfunctions. Here in this review, we are going to divulge the cellular and immunological mechanisms behind the cardiovascular, thrombotic and platelet impairments that are caused in COVID-19. In addition, we also propose the significance of various anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic phytochemicals in the treatment of COVID-19. The virus induces many immune-modulatory cytokines and chemokines which help in the intravascular coagulation and create a pro-thrombotic environment along with pulmonary embolism and thrombocytopenia. Different types of innate and adaptive immune cells and their granular contents regulate the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 induced endothelial and platelet dysfunctions which correlate the involvement of platelets with myocardial injury and intravascular thrombi directly or indirectly. Hence, by exploiting the natural bioactive compounds from medicinal plants and inhibiting the platelet mediated thrombus formation can be beneficial for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Developing a treatment technology which minimizes the production of by-product (waste) is need of an hour. In this study, municipal yard waste (primary raw material) was microwave-pretreated before ...anaerobic digestion (AD) to improve biogas production. The anaerobically digested, Pretreated Yard Waste (PTY) and the Untreated Yard Waste (UTY) (waste/secondary raw material) was Hydrothermally Carbonized as a downstream treatment technique to produce energy rich hydrochar. The Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) was conducted at a temperature of 180 °C and 200 °C for 6 h to produce carbon-rich hydrochar. Physicochemical, structural and combustion properties of PTY and UTY hydrochar were characterized and compared using a range of techniques to gain detailed insight into individual hydrochar samples. Microwave pretreatment of yard waste enhanced the biogas production from 264 ± 11 mL/g VS to 370 ± 14 mL/g VS. The carbon content and higher heating value of digestate increased considerably from 44 and 44.35% to 53–56% and15–16 MJ/kg to 21–23 MJ/kg, respectively after HTC. Thermal gravimetric analysis of the prepared hydrochar showed that the high-temperature carbonization increased the combustion properties of hydrochar. The hydrochar prepared from PTY showed enhanced physicochemical, structural and combustion properties as compared to hydrochar prepared from UTY. The finding asserted that the pretreatment of yard waste before AD not only improved biogas production but also improved yield with better quality hydrochar when its resulting digestate was hydrothermally carbonized. AD of yard waste yields biogas and HTC of the resulting digestate yields hydrochar; both are biofuel, hence, augmenting HTC as a downstream treatment process along with AD would result in the creation of near-zero loss process.
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•Pretreatment of yard waste at 140 °C for 100 s showed highest organic matter solubilisation.•Anaerobic digestion of pretreated yard showed up to 29% improvement in the biogas production.•HTC of digestate of pretreated yard waste showed 21% more carbonization potential.•Hydrochar from digestate of pretreated yard waste was thermally more stable•AD coupled with HTC presents new unique opportunity for bioenergy production
Micromachining is becoming most viable with assorted revamped technologies, due to their numerous ultra-rigor machining criterions. An advanced manufacturing practice like electrochemical ...micromachining (EMM) grips multitudinous applications with a notable demand in the advancement of microproducts like microfluidic systems, chemical reactors, and heat exchanger components. This paper justifies the channelling and drilling acts over one of the idiosyncratic super alloys, i.e. Hastelloy C-276, with a mask-less SS-304 tool electrode using NaNO
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electrolyte by EMM, to construe the impact of stray current and its consequences over the mask-less electrodes and most possibly endeavour to attain dimensionally altered features. The current research work highlights to discern the effects of process criterions like pulse on/off time, electrolyte concentration, applied voltage and microtool feed rate during the perusal experimentation; a reified study over the machined surface has also been scrutinized through by means of microstructural and EDS analysis. Experiments were planned and empirical models were developed for various process parameters on output responses by endorsing response surface methodology. Validations of the models were tested and optimal sets of outputs have been found by the endorsement of multi-objective desirability–based optimization using particle swarm optimization (MOPSO).
Probabilistic load forecasting (PLF) has become necessary for power system operators to do efficient planning across power transmission and distribution systems. However, there are not many PLF ...models, and those that exist take a lot of computation time and are not efficient, especially in multiple loads. This paper proposes a novel algorithm for spatially correlated multiple loads wherein a global parameter is learned from state-space parameters of individual loads by an amalgamation of deep neural networks and state-space models. The proposed model employs complex pattern learning capabilities of recurrent neural networks and temporal pattern extraction of innovation state-space models. It is tested on GEFCom-14 and ISO-NE datasets, one with a single load and multiple loads. Different case studies are conducted to examine the involvement of temperature for load forecasting. It has been observed that in the case of multivariate loads, temperature variable doesn't make much difference in PLF, but in the case of univariate loads, forecasting results are four-times better. The proposed method is highly interpretable and can be employed in areas where limited training data is available to the areas where colossal data is available. The proposed model has outperformed several benchmarks present in the literature on the same datasets.
Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and sawdust (SD) green fillers have great potential to act as moisture reservoirs and reactive fillers. In the present study, a one-component moisture curable ...polyurethane (PU) adhesive was reinforced with MCC and SD fillers. The durability of aluminum/steel joints produced using unreinforced and reinforced PU adhesives was studied using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), fatigue, and hygrothermal aging experiments. Lap-shear tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of aging on joints strength. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) experiments were performed on adhesive joints after hygrothermal aging to understand the changes in chemical structure due to aging, and the influence of cellulosic fillers on the aging phenomena. DMA results showed that the glass transition temperature of the reinforced PU was similar to that of the unreinforced PU. Fatigue performance of MCC and SD reinforced PU adhesive joints was found to be better than unreinforced PU joints. Further, MCC reinforced PU adhesive joints were found to be more resistant to hygrothermal aging than SD reinforced and unreinforced PU joints. Overall, MCC reinforced PU adhesive joints exhibited good fatigue and superior long-term properties.
Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are a critical component of Industry 4.0 and 5.0, particularly having applications in logistic management. One of their crucial utilization is in supply-chain ...management and scheduling for optimally routing transportation of goods by vehicles at a given set of locations. This paper discusses the broader problem of vehicle traffic management, more popularly known as the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), and investigates the possible use of near-term quantum devices for solving it. For this purpose, we give the Ising formulation for VRP and some of its constrained variants. Then, we present a detailed procedure to solve VRP by minimizing its corresponding Ising Hamiltonian using a hybrid quantum-classical heuristic called Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), implemented on the IBM Qiskit platform. We compare the performance of QAOA with classical solvers such as CPLEX on problem instances of up to 15 qubits. We find that performance of QAOA has a multifaceted dependence on the classical optimization routine used, the depth of the ansatz parameterized by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">p </tex-math></inline-formula>, initialization of variational parameters, and problem instance itself.
We demonstrate that a quantum hypergraph state is k-separable if and only if the hypergraph has k-connected components. The permutation symmetric states remains invariant under any permutation. We ...introduce permutation symmetric states generated by hypergraphs and describe their combinatorial structures. This combinatorial perspective insists us to investigate multi-partite entanglement of permutation symmetric hypergraph states. Using generalised concurrence we measure entanglement up to ten qubits. A number of examples of these states are discussed.
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