The beneficial microbial-plant interaction plays important role in the soil health, crop growth and productivity. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are such beneficial microorganisms, which ...in association with plant roots not only promote their growth but also help in counteracting the detrimental effects of soil stresses. Salt stress is one such stress, frequently confronted by the plants. The present study aimed at isolation and identification of PGPR inhabiting the mungbean rhizosphere, testing them for salt (NaCl) tolerance and subsequently in salt-supplemented mungbean crop. For this purpose, two salt-tolerant bacterial strains belonging to genus
Pantoea
and
Enterococcus,
characterized for their P-solubilization ability, indole acetic acid and siderophore production were selected. These two PGPR were further evaluated for their effect on the salt-stressed mungbean plants, grown at two salt concentrations (5 and 10 dS/m). The plants treated with the combination of PGPR showed better performance in growth (16–37 %) and yield (22–32 %), under salt stress, as compared with control. The increasing salt concentration was found to increase the membrane damage, Na
+
concentration in the plants. PGPR treatments effectively reduced the Na
+
concentration (17–41 %), membrane damage (1.1–1.5 folds) and enhanced the antioxidants i.e. ascorbic acid (8–26 %) and glutathione (10–30 %) in salt-stressed plants, in comparison to uninoculated stressed plants. Overall, the results indicated that both PGPR were effective as stress mitigators however, in combination they showed relatively better improvement in growth, yield as well as oxidative parameters of the salt-affected plants. These findings about the effects of native salt-tolerant PGPR
Pantoea
and
Enterococcus
sp. in mungbean crop are novel.
Salt stress has multiple damaging effects on plants including physiological damage, reduced growth, and productivity. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are one of the valuable options to ...mitigate the negative effects of this stress. In the present study, native bacteria from chickpea’s rhizosphere were isolated, and checked for their salt tolerance and plant growth-promoting attributes (phosphate (P) solubilization, siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase production). One isolate, subsequently identified as
Pantoea dispersa,
showed appreciable production of IAA (218.3 µg/ml) and siderophores (60.33% SU), P-solubilization (3.64 µg/ml) and ACC deaminase activity (207.45 nmol/mg/h) in the presence of 150 mM NaCl, under laboratory conditions. Salt stress in uninoculated chickpea (GPF2 cultivar) plants induced high accumulation of Na
+
ions (3.86 mg g
−1
dw) in the leaves, along with significant reduction in K
+
uptake, membrane integrity, chlorophyll concentration, and leaf water content, thus resulting in impaired growth of the plant and yield (pods and seeds) in a salt concentration-dependent manner. The damage due to salt stress was restored significantly in plants inoculated with
P. dispersa
. A significant improvement in biomass (32–34%), pods number (31–34.5%), seeds number (32–35.7%), pods weight (30–32.6%), and seeds weight (27–35%) per plant occurred in salt stress-affected plants, which was associated with significant reduction in Na
+
uptake, reduced membrane damage, significantly improved leaf water content, chlorophyll content, and K
+
uptake. This study suggests for the first time that native
P. dispersa
strain PSB3 can be used to alleviate the negative effects of salt stress on chickpea plants and holds the potential to be used as a biofertilizer.
In pursuit of high specific capacitance and high energy density; morphology, specific surface area and conductivity of electrode material are key factors. In this context, Ni1-xMgxCo2O4@C (x = 0.0, ...0.5) nanostructures are synthesized via facile hydrothermal route using the cotton template. Notably; the morphology altered from flowers to rods with the incorporation of cotton templates. Additionally, Mg dopant ion helps to attain greater electrical conductivity while preventing the morphology. Besides, Influence of Mg doping on the pseudocapacitance of NiCo2O4 electrode was investigated by electrochemical analysis in 6 M KOH electrolyte. This remarkable synergy display superb electrochemical performance for Ni0.5Mg0.5Co2O4@C rods, i.e a high specific capacitance of 1340 Fg-1 at a current density of 1 Ag-1 and admirable cyclic stability of ∼97% up to 2000 charge-discharge cycles (at 15 Ag-1). Further, the proposed Ni0.5Mg0.5Co2O4@C rods electrode delivered high values of energy (59.5 Wh/Kg) & power (799.2 W/Kg) densities at a current density of 1 Ag-1, which is 2 times more as compared to flowers structured material. This can be attributed to increase in the specific surface area with more porous nature of rods. This work conveys the deeper understanding of the morphology and chemical composition effect on the supercapcitive performance of Ni0.5Mg0.5Co2O4@C. Thus, Ni0.5Mg0.5Co2O4@C (NMCo@C) rods may be an excellent electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor due to its exceptional electrochemical performances.
Display omitted
•Highly porous rods structure of specific surface area of 51.78 m2g-1 is fabricated.•The specific capacitance of 1340 Fg-1 is obtained for Ni0.5Mg0.5Co2O4@C rods.•Ni0.5Mg0.5Co2O4@C rods delivers maximum energy density of 59.5 WhKg−1.•The capacitance retention of ∼97% up to 2000 charge-discharge is maintained.
The specific surface area and pore size of illustrative electrode material is a promising task to achieve better performance of energy storage devices. In this respect, Mg-substituted Ni1-xMgxCo2O4 ...(x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) samples were synthesized by cost-effective and facile hydrothermal method. As-prepared samples were evaluated as the electrode material for a battery application. The structural and electrochemical characterization analysis has been carried out systematically. Among different samples, NMC50 (x = 0.5) exhibit highest BET surface area of 61 m2g-1 with a suitable pore volume of 0.3029 cm3g-1 and narrow pore size distribution of 2–10 nm. It is verified that the special features of the NMC50 including uniformity of the surface texture and porosity bring significant effect on the electrochemical performances. Consequently, the excellent specific capacity of 302 mAhg−1 is observed for NMC50 sample at a current density of 1.1 Ag-1 and a remarkable cyclic stability of ∼95% is maintained over 2000 continuous charge-discharge cycles. The improved electrochemical performance of NMC50, undoubtedly makes it worth as an excellent electrode material for high-performance energy storage applications.
Display omitted
In pursuit of high specific capacitance and high energy density; morphology, specific surface area and conductivity of electrode material are key factors. In this context, Ni1-xMgxCo2O4@C (x = 0.0, ...0.5) nanostructures are synthesized via facile hydrothermal route using the cotton template. Notably; the morphology altered from flowers to rods with the incorporation of cotton templates. Additionally, Mg dopant ion helps to attain greater electrical conductivity while preventing the morphology. Besides, Influence of Mg doping on the pseudocapacitance of NiCo2O4 electrode was investigated by electrochemical analysis in 6 M KOH electrolyte. This remarkable synergy display superb electrochemical performance for Ni0.5Mg0.5Co2O4@C rods, i.e a high specific capacitance of 1340 Fg-1 at a current density of 1 Ag-1 and admirable cyclic stability of ∼97% up to 2000 charge-discharge cycles (at 15 Ag-1). Further, the proposed Ni0.5Mg0.5Co2O4@C rods electrode delivered high values of energy (59.5 Wh/Kg) & power (799.2 W/Kg) densities at a current density of 1 Ag-1, which is 2 times more as compared to flowers structured material. This can be attributed to increase in the specific surface area with more porous nature of rods. This work conveys the deeper understanding of the morphology and chemical composition effect on the supercapcitive performance of Ni0.5Mg0.5Co2O4@C. Thus, Ni0.5Mg0.5Co2O4@C (NMCo@C) rods may be an excellent electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor due to its exceptional electrochemical performances.
Introduction
The increase in atmospheric CO
2
concentration, which mainly is attributed to fossil-fuel combustion and deforestation, is often suggested as one of the prime causative factors toward ...accelerated global warming. This commends for sequestration of atmospheric carbon under terrestrial systems to partially offset fossil-fuel emissions. Concerning the same, agricultural sector presents an extensive opportunity, especially for countries such as India where over 55% of the population is engaged in the agriculture sector.
Methods
Sequestering atmospheric carbon in agriculture requires the adoption of climate-resilient alternative agriculture practices without compromising food security. The deliberated study highlights the options of alteration in current conventional farming practices and its economic evaluation for sequestrating carbon under two Climate Change (CC) scenarios,
viz.
, RCP 4.5 and 8.5, over three temporal scales, i.e., 2020, 2030, and 2050. Considering the current land-use pattern and existing growth rate in land-use shifting, three land-use policies, namely, Business as Usual (BaU), Optimistic, and Pessimistic scenario, integrated with CC scenarios were contemplated. Six possible futuristic scenarios were generated for the assessment of carbon sequestration and its valuation following the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoff (InVEST) model.
Results
The results suggested that across the studied region adopting an optimistic policy over BaU and pessimistic scenario, carbon can sequestrate an additional 0.64 to 1.46 Mt. (2.35 to 5.36 million ton CO
2
e) having an economic value of 193.4 to 504.8 million USD.
Results
Moreover, the outcomes of the study are advocated for the policy of carbon credit in the agriculture sector, which shall contribute toward meeting various nationally determined contributions (NDCs) and sustainable development goals (SDGs) as well.
PDF
