Eight economists polled by The Wall Street Journal unanimously forecast that the bank would raise its overnight lending rate between two and three percentage points from the current level of 7.75% to ...tighten liquidity and help strengthen the lira.
"We need to see a significant hike in policy rates and it needs to be meaningful," said Tim Ash, chief emerging markets economist at Standard Bank. "In the past the bank has been halfhearted and ...temporary. The stakes are higher now and the market wants to see a more coherent credible policy." "They do not have an easy time of it," said Nariman Behravesh, chief economist at consulting firm IHS Global Insight, referring to central bankers in emerging markets. "They're not in an enviable position." "Of the bigger emerging markets, Turkey is by some way the most vulnerable," said Nigel Rendell, director at Medley Global Advisors, an economic research firm. "People were spooked by the political risk but the real problem is the lack of clarity on policy. Once a political problem is compounded by a market one, that is a signal for people to cut their positions quite drastically and that is what they've done."
This study was designed to determine if (1) alcoholics have a higher prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) serologic markers than do non-alcoholic controls and (2) if they respond to hepatitis B ...vaccination in a manner similar to that of non-alcoholic controls.
The study was designed as a case-control study, and 129 Alaska Natives were recruited. Alcoholics were recruited from inpatient wards, outpatient clinics, a soup kitchen serving the homeless, and several alcohol rehabilitation centers; control subjects were recruited primarily from among Alaska Native Hospital employees. A standardized questionnaire, the Alcohol Dependency Scale (ADS), was administered to all participants. Each participant was screened for hepatitis B serologic markers, had liver function studies performed, and was examined for evidence of liver disease. Participants seronegative for HBV markers received three doses of hepatitis B vaccine. Linear regression analysis was performed to compare the amount of alcohol intake and variables associated with liver disease with the response to hepatitis B vaccination and antibody levels achieved. Using an ADS score of greater than 13, 64 participants were classified as chronic alcoholics, and 60 were classified as controls.
HBV seropositivity was found in 22 alcoholics (34.4%) and seven controls (11.7%). After adjusting for age and sex, this difference was significant (chi 2 MH = 6.57, df = 1; p = 0.012). Abnormal levels of liver transaminase occurred significantly more often in alcoholic participants than in control subjects (chi 2 MH = 4.91, df = 1; p = 0.026). Of 95 seronegative persons, 72 received three doses of hepatitis B plasma-derived vaccine. Alcoholic subjects and control subjects did not differ significantly in their response to vaccination. Only four alcoholics and two controls did not develop antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) after hepatitis B vaccination, and two alcoholics and three controls had anti-HBs levels less than 10 SRU by radioimmunoassay. Mean anti-HBs levels measured in milli-international units (mIU) for the 62 responders showed a decrease in the anti-HBs level with increasing age (p less than 0.001). There was no difference in the mean anti-HBs log10 mIU between alcoholics and controls younger than 45 years of age, but in persons greater than 45 years of age, alcoholics had a lower mean anti-HBs log10 mIU level than did controls; this difference, however, was not significant (p greater than 0.10).
Chronic alcoholics have a higher prevalence of HBV seromarkers than do age-matched controls. Seronegative alcoholics, especially those under age 45, respond well to hepatitis B vaccination, and such vaccination should be considered in all chronic alcoholic persons.
Mr. Xi Jinping, widely presumed to be China's next top leader, signed the three-year currency-swap pact between Turkey's central bank and the People's Bank of China alongside Turkey's President ...Abdullah Gul in Ankara on Tuesday. China in recent weeks has given little indication it would support Western intervention, despite heightened criticism in Turkey, Europe and the U.S. that it was serving as an obstructionist to restoring peace there. Rather, senior Chinese leaders and state-run media have delivered unusually direct defenses of China's position. China has a strict foreign policy of noninterference in other countries' internal affairs, which in recent years it has used to block international intervention on humanitarian grounds alone. Additionally, China fears unrest toward authoritarian regimes in the Arab world could spread to Beijing if aided by the West, analysts say. Mr. Hong confirmed China had received an invitation to a "Friends of Syria" meeting backed by Western powers and the Arab League set for Friday in Tunis, but didn't say whether China would participate. Russia confirmed on Tuesday that it wouldn't participate in the meeting because the Syrian government wouldn't be represented.
ISTANBUL--China and Turkey set aside differences on how to quell escalating violence in Syria on Tuesday, as Vice President Xi Jinping began the final leg of a diplomatic tour seen as a dress ...rehearsal for Chinese leadership by overseeing a series of bilateral business deals, including a central bank swap deal to boost trade in local currencies.
As part of a prospective study which tracked 183 child sexual abuse cases referred to two Child Protection Units in Sydney, NSW, a search of court records was conducted to obtain criminal justice ...outcomes. Of the 183 cases, there were 117 cases where the name of the offender was known. Forty-five cases reached trial. Thirty-two cases resulted in a conviction. A sub-cohort of 84 of the children and their families was interviewed in detail to determine reasons why many cases did not proceed down the track of criminal investigation and prosecution and why other cases dropped out of the criminal justice system. Among this sub-cohort of 84 children, there were 67 cases where the offender was identifiable and could have been charged. There were 25 convictions. Reasons for not proceeding to trial included: the offence was not reported to police; parents wished to protect children, the perpetrator or other family members; evidence was not strong enough to warrant proceeding; the child was too young; the offender threatened the family; or the child was too distressed. The implications for criminal prosecution as a child protection strategy are considered in the light of this evidence of attrition.
The U.K. government received a rare piece of good news Tuesday from a European Commission forecast that the British economy would outpace the euro zone's over the next two years.
The commission said it expects U.K. gross domestic product to expand 0.9% in 2010 and 1.9% in 2011, outpacing growth of 0.7% next year and 1.5% in 2011 for the 16 nations that use the euro. The ...outlook calls for the EU economy to expand 0.7% next year and 1.6% in 2011. In its outlook, the EU's executive arm pegged the U.K. economy to emerge from recession in the fourth quarter, when GDP is forecast to expand 0.4% compared with July-to-September. For that period, a contraction of 0.2% is expected. The EU forecasts come just days before policy makers at central banks in Europe, the U.K. and the U.S. weigh whether to continue extraordinary financial measures designed to support economies after the global crisis. Signs indicate the Bank of England is expected to expand its measures. Many see the European Central Bank's governing council resisting, for now, unwinding extraordinary programs when it meets Thursday.
The synthesis and purification of tritium labelled N-desmethylpargyline and pargyline are described. The suitability of these irreversible suicide inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (MAO) as ligands in ...binding studies to rat liver mitochondrial MAO has been evaluated. 3H Pargyline was found to be more satisfactory than its N-desmethyl analogue because of its greater potency and lower proportion of non-specific binding. The binding of pargyline reached saturation when about 31 pmol mg protein-1 was bound. It was not possible to explain the time course of the binding by either simple first or second-order kinetics. 3H-Pargyline is a potentially valuable ligand for the estimation of the concentration of NAO active centres without the need to remove the enzyme from the mitochondrial membrane.
![The binding of [3H] pargyli...](http://api.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/issn/XR4PS5YY4K/0022-3573/small "The binding of [3H] pargyline to rat liver mitochondrial monoamine oxidase")
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