Introduction
Sheath blight caused by
Rhizoctonia solani
is one of the major diseases of rice, causing widespread crop losses. The use of semi-dwarf rice varieties in the ongoing nutrient-intensive ...rice cultivation system has further accentuated the incidence of the disease. An ideal solution to this problem would be identifying a stable sheath blight-tolerant genotype.
Material and methods
A multi-environment evaluation of 32 rice genotypes against sheath blight infection was conducted over six seasons across two locations (Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (28.18° N, 38.03° E, and 75.5 masl), for four years during the wet seasons (
kharif
) from 2015 to 2018 and two seasons at the National Rice Research Institute (20°27’09” N, 85°55’57” E, 26 masl), Cuttack, Odisha, during the dry season (
rabi
) of 2019 and the
kharif
of 2019, including susceptible and resistant check. Percent disease index data were collected over 4 weeks (on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th day after infection), along with data on other morphological and physiological traits.
Result and discussion
The resistant genotypes across seasons were the ones with a higher hemicellulose content (13.93-14.64) and lower nitrogen content (1.10- 1.31) compared with the susceptible check Tapaswini (G32) (hemicellulose 12.96, nitrogen 1.38), which might explain the resistant reaction. Three different stability models—additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI), genotype + genotype x environment (GGE) biplot, and multi-trait stability index (MTSI)—were then used to identify the stable resistant genotypes across six seasons. The results obtained with all three models had common genotypes highlighted as stable and having a low area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values. The ideal stable genotypes with low disease incidence were IC 283139 (G19), Tetep (G28), IC 260917 (G4), and IC 277274 (G10), with AUDPC values of 658.91, 607.46, 479.69, and 547.94, respectively. Weather parameters such as temperature, rainfall, sunshine hours, and relative humidity were also noted daily. Relative humidity was positively correlated with the percent disease index.
Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) is one of the most important oil seed crops grown all over the India. Charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is a major disease causing severe yield loss up to ...52%. The pathogen invasion occurs from the seedling to maturity stage. To overcome these problem, in vitro sensitivity of M. phaseolina determined through inhibition zone technique to seven isolates of fungi antagonistic viz.,Tv1, ETv2, EDTv3, ATv4, CTv5, MTv6 and KTv7 amended into PDA medium on seven days after inoculation. All the antagonists reduced the colony growth of M. phaseolina significantly compared to the control. Among this isolates, Tv1 was effective (74.12%) in reducing the colony growth of M. phaseolina followed by CTv5 (68.39), EDTv3 (48.36) respectively over control.
ABSTRACT Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) is one of the most important oil seed crops grown all over the India. Charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is a major disease causing severe yield ...loss upto52 per cent.The pathogen invasion occurs from the seedling to maturity stage. To overcome theseproblem In vitro, sensitivity of M. phaseolina determined through inhibition zone technique to sevenisolates offungi antagonistic viz.,Tv1, ETv2, EDTv3, ATv4, CTv5, MTv6andKTv7amended into PDAmedium on seven days after inoculation. All the antagonists reduced the colony growth of M. phaseolina significantly compared to the control. Among this isolates Tv1 was effective (74.12%) inreducing the colony growth of M. phaseolina followed byCTv5(68.39), EDTv3 (48.36)respectivelyover control.
Role of Biostimulants in Horticulture: A Review Padmaja, V. V.; Pavani, K.; Srilatha, P. ...
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change,
06/2023, Letnik:
13, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
In recent days, several technological innovations were proposed in order to improve the production and sustainability through a significant reduction in use of agrochemicals. One 0f the best approach ...to increase crop productivity is the utilisation of environment-friendly organic products such as “Biostimulants”. There are different types of substances that act as biostimulants namely humic and fulvic acid, protein hydrolysates and other N-containing compounds, Seaweed extract and botanicals, Chitosan and other biopolymers, Inorganic compounds, beneficial fungi and bacteria. These biostimulants plays an important role in improving the plant growth, yield and quality of the product. The guava fruits coated with chitosan 1% and stored at 12°C had shown higher firmness, TSS, titratable acidity and maintained greenness with a slow increase in yellow colour by the end of storage. Knowledge on effective use of these biostimulants by understanding their properties has become a challenge to the researchers to improve yield, quality and shelf life of different horticultural products.
