ObjectivesThe association between occupational exposures and mammographic density (MD), a marker of breast cancer risk, has not been previously explored. Our objective was to investigate the ...influence of occupational exposure to chemical, physical and microbiological agents on MD in adult women.MethodsThis is a population-based cross-sectional study based on 1476 female workers aged 45–65 years from seven Spanish breast cancer screening programmes. Occupational history was surveyed by trained staff. Exposure to occupational agents was assessed using the Spanish job-exposure matrix MatEmESp. Percentage of MD was measured by two radiologists using a semiautomatic computer tool. The association was estimated using mixed log-linear regression models adjusting for age, education, body mass index, menopausal status, parity, smoking, alcohol intake, type of mammography, family history of breast cancer and hormonal therapy use, and including screening centre and professional reader as random effects terms.ResultsAlthough no association was found with most of the agents, women occupationally exposed to perchloroethylene (eβ=1.51; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.19), ionising radiation (eβ=1.23; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.52) and mould spores (eβ=1.44; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.04) tended to have higher MD. The percentage of density increased 12% for every 5 years exposure to perchloroethylene or mould spores, 11% for every 5 years exposure to aliphatic/alicyclic hydrocarbon solvents and 3% for each 5 years exposure to ionising radiation.ConclusionsExposure to perchloroethylene, ionising radiation, mould spores or aliphatic/alicyclic hydrocarbon solvents in occupational settings could be associated with higher MD. Further studies are needed to clarify the accuracy and the reasons for these findings.
Highlights • We explored sleep patterns and mammographic density, a marker of breast cancer risk. • Sleep patterns or sleep disorders were not associated with mammographic density. • These results do ...not support a relationship between breast cancer and sleep problems.
Abstract Objectives The association between breast cancer (BC) and thyroid disorders has been widely explored with unclear results. Mammographic density (MD) is one of the strongest risk factor for ...BC. This study explores the relationship between thyroid diseases and MD in Spanish women. Materials & methods This cross-sectional study covered 2883 women aged 47–71 years participating in 7 BC screening programs in 2010. They allowed access to their mammograms, had anthropometrical-measures taken, and answered a telephonic epidemiological interview which included specific questions on thyroid diseases. Percentage of MD was assessed with a semiautomatic-computer tool (DM-scan) by two trained radiologists. We calculated the geometric mean of MD percentages (mean MD). Multivariable mixed linear regression models with random screening-center-specific intercepts were fitted, using log-transformed percentage of MD as dependent variable and adjusting for age, body mass index, menopausal status and other confounders. e β represents the relative increase of mean MD. Results 13.9% of the participants reported personal history of thyroid disease. MD was not associated to hyperthyroidism ( e β :1.05, 95%CI: 0.82–1.36), hypothyroidism ( e β :1.02, 95%CI: 0.75–1.38), thyroid nodules ( e β :1.01, 95%CI: 0.85–1.19) or thyroid cancer ( e β :1.03, 95%CI: 0.56–1.92). However, women with goiter had lower MD (mean MDno-goiter : 13.4% vs mean MDgoiter : 10.6%; e β :0.79, 95%CI: 0.64–0.98) and those with Hashimoto thyroiditis had higher MD (mean MDno-thyroiditis : 13.3% vs mean MDthyroidits : 25.8%; e β :1.94, 95%CI: 1.00–3.77). Conclusion Functional thyroid disorders were not related to MD. However, MD was lower in women with goiter and higher in those reporting Hashimoto's thyroiditis. These relationships should be confirmed in future studies.
To determine quality control of patients with oral anticoagulant treatment recruited in Primary Care (PC) using the Rosendaal method to estimate time in therapeutic range (TTR) and comparing it with ...fraction of international normalized ratio (INR) in range and cross-sectional analysis (last INR registred).
A retrospective observational study based on electronic medical record in routine clinical practice.
PC centers (262) in Madrid. We included all patients with acenocumarol treatment, with an INR therapeutic range established between 2 and 3. We excluded patients with valvular pathology and disrupted clinical follow up in PC (<3 INR determinations in the studied period, a period of>90 days or ≥ 3 periods of>60 days between 2 determinations). The final population was 49,312 patients. The variables considered were all INR values and their respective dates. TTR was calculated by the 3 methods above mentioned. We considered "therapeutic range" INR between 2-3 and "adjusted range" INR between 1.8-3.2. Optimal control for each patient was considered TTR>60%.
By using Rosendaal method, TTR was 66.8% (81.7% adjusted), with a percentage of total INR in range was 58.8% (66.5% adjusted), and, with the cross-sectional analysis, it was 70.5% (76.8% adjusted). Mean TTR was 65% (standard deviation 20.3), and the percentage of patients with TTR>60% was 63.3% (88.1% adjusted).
The quality control of patients with oral anticoagulants in PC in Madrid is acceptable, similar or higher to other studies and pivotal trials of new anticoagulants. Compared to the Rosendaal method, total fraction of INR underestimates quality control, and cross-sectional analysis slightly overestimates it.
Magmatic underplating can be defined as the addition of mafic magma to the lower crust and uppermost mantle around the Moho. This phenomenon plays an important role in continental margins and other ...compressional and extensional tectonic environments. We have modeled the magmatic underplating effect using Process-Oriented Gravity Modeling (POGM) along a profile at 43.5°S on the Argentine continental margin, which re-thickens the crust and causes uplift. In POGM, the gravity anomaly is formed by the rift, sedimentation, and magmatic underplating anomaly. This work focuses on the flexural uplift produced by the magmatic underplating and its gravity anomaly, rarely investigated in margins since seismic refraction data is generally unavailable to the scientific community. Particularly, it has not been calculated in the volcanic sector of the Argentine continental margin before this work. The results yield an average maximum flexural uplift associated with magmatic underplating, which is um = 140.32 m ± 22.12 m, an average density of the underplated body of ρ
x
= 3133.89 kg/m
3
± 22.71 kg/m
3
, and an average density of the sediment ρ
s
= 2207.78 kg/m
3
± 42.58 kg/m
3
and an average oceanic crustal thickness of 6.36 km. The average elastic thickness leaving out the magmatic underplating effect is Te = 24 km ± 2.02 km, and including it is Te = 33.89 km ± 2.35 km. The magmatic underplating anomaly has an opposite contribution to the typical free-air gravity edge-effect for the Airy and flexural cases.
La producción de arveja en Pamplona se basa en el uso de altas dosis de fertilizantes químicos que generan daños ambientales y a la salud humana. Por lo tanto, en este estudio se comparó el efecto de ...diferentes abonos orgánicos con la fertilización química mediante seis tratamientos: T0: control; T1: vermicompost dosis completa (7831,00 kg/ha); T2: vermicompost mitad de la dosis (3915.50 kg/ha) + fertilizante químico (FQ 15N 15P.sub.2O.sub.5 15K.sub.2O) mitad de la dosis (703.50 kg/ha); T3: gallinaza + caprinaza + residuos de caña de azúcar dosis completa (ABOB: 10573.00 kg/ha): T4: ABOB mitad dosis (1407.00 kg/ha) más FQ mitad de la dosis (703.50 kg/ha); T5: FQ dosis completa (1407.00 kg/ha); T6: FQ mitad de la dosis (703.50 kg/ha). Se evaluó: altura de la planta (AP), vainas por planta (NVP); longitud de las vainas (LV) y rendimiento (kg/ha). Se aplicó un análisis de varianza al 5% y una prueba de Tukey para la separación de medias. La AP promedio fue mayor en T2 (172.27 cm). El NVP fue más alto en T3 y T5 con respecto al control, sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias estadísticas entre tratamientos. La LV fue estadísticamente más alta en los tratamientos con respecto al control, aunque no hubo variación entre tratamientos. Sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias estadísticas en el rendimiento entre tratamientos, y T1 y T4 presentaron un rendimiento superior al control de 42,85% y 39,99%, respectivamente. Es posible sustituir o complementar el fertilizante químico con enmiendas orgánicas y reducir el efecto negativo de contaminación que generan sobre el ambiente y la salud de las personas.
Colombia es uno de los mayores productores, consumidores y exportadores de papas diploides. Se evaluó el efecto de diferentes fuentes y dosis de fertilización sobre el crecimiento de papa Criolla ...Colombia y Ocarina. La semilla agronómica se plantó en surcos a 0,5 cm de profundidad y 0,3 m x 1,0 m de distancia (33.333 plantas·ha-1). Los tratamientos fueron la combinación de variedad y fertilizante 15-15-15 (FQA); urea, fosfato diamónico y cloruro de potasio, previo análisis de suelo (FQ); fertilizante orgánico mineral (FOM) y la mezcla de 50 % de los fertilizantes individuales. Se realizó un muestreo de tres plantas por tratamiento en cada fase fenológica para determinar: desarrollo fenológico (DF), área foliar (AF), peso foliar específico (PFE) y las tasas: asimilación neta (TAN), relativa de crecimiento (TRC) y crecimiento del cultivo (TCC). Se usó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con medidas repetidas y arreglo factorial 2x7, de cuatro repeticiones y 60 m2 como unidad experimental, y tres plantas como parcela efectiva. La fertilización sólo afectó DF y AF, con la mayor AF para FQA (115 días después de siembra- dds). TAN, TRC y TCC fue mayor para la variedad Colombia. La reducción de TAN y TRC (110 a 115 dds) coincidió con la floración, y el incremento de TCC y AF (115 dds) con la tuberización. La fertilización sólo afectó el DF y el AF, indistintamente de la variedad. FQA+FQ favoreció el mayor DF y FQA la mayor AF. La variedad Criolla Colombia fue precoz y destacó en crecimiento.
To assess the associations between eating speed, adiposity, cardiometabolic risk factors, and diet quality in a cohort of Spanish preschool-children.
A cross-sectional study in 1371 preschool age ...children (49% girls; mean age, 4.8 ± 1.0 years) from the Childhood Obesity Risk Assessment Longitudinal Study (CORALS) cohort was conducted. After exclusions, 956 participants were included in the analyses. The eating speed was estimated by summing the total minutes used in each of the 3 main meals and then categorized into slow, moderate, or fast. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were fitted to assess the β-coefficient, or OR and 95% CI, between eating speed and body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass index (FMI), blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and lipid profile.
Compared with participants in the slow-eating category, those in the fast-eating category had a higher prevalence risk of overweight/obesity (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.8-4.4; P < .01); larger waist circumference (β, 2.6 cm; 95% CI, 1.5-3.8 cm); and greater FMI (β, 0.3 kg/m2; 95% CI, 0.1-0.5 kg/m2), systolic blood pressure (β, 2.8 mmHg; 95% CI, 0.6-4.9 mmHg), and fasting plasma glucose levels (β, 2.7 mg/dL, 95% CI, 1.2-4.2 mg/dL) but lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet (β, −0.5 points; 95% CI, −0.9 to −0.1 points).
Eating fast is associated with higher adiposity, certain cardiometabolic risk factors, and lower adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Further long-term and interventional studies are warranted to confirm these associations.
PDF
