The blockchain-based searchable symmetric encryption (SSE) scheme allows the retrieval and verification of outsourced data on cloud servers in sixth generation (6G) networks while ensuring the ...privacy of data. However, existing schemes are challenging to comprehensively meet the requirements of 6G-based intelligent application systems for low latency, high security, and high reliability. To address these limitations, we present VSSE, a novel blockchain-based SSE scheme designed for 6G-based intelligent application systems. Our scheme constructs a state chain structure to resist file injection attacks, thereby ensuring forward privacy. Moreover, we execute the search and verification operations separately on the cloud server and blockchain, while introducing a bitmap index structure and message authentication code (MAC) technology to achieve efficient searching and dynamic verification. Notably, VSSE also includes access control functionality, permitting only authorized users to access relevant files. The combination of remarkable efficiency and strong security establishes our VSSE as an ideal solution suitable for implementation in G-based intelligent application systems.
Alcoholic abuse and obesity are the most common lifestyle implications of chronic liver injury, and always act synergistically to increase the risk of mortality.
Periplaneta americana
has a long ...history of being applied in medicine, including wound healing, antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, antifibrotic, and cardiomyocyte-protecting. Ganlong capsule (GLC), a natural prescription drug extracted from
Periplaneta americana
, has been widely used in HBV-related symptoms. However, the anti-steatohepatitis efficacy and mechanisms of GLC have not yet been characterized. Here, we found the protective effect of GLC on the development of hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation
in vivo
under alcohol exposure combined with a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFHC). Consistently, GLC exhibited a hepatoprotective property by preventing hepatocytes from oxidative stress injury and lipid accumulation
in vitro
. In addition, it exerted an anti-inflammation characteristic by reducing macrophage recruitment and decreasing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes
in vivo
and
in vitro
. Mechanically, GLC serum, isolated from GLC-treated mice, reduced extracellular high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) of dying hepatocytes; and suppressed subsequent M1 polarization of macrophages in the co-culture system. Furthermore, GLC serum inhibited inflammatory response
via
suppressing the HMGB1 release and blocking the downstream TLR4/NF-kB pathway. Collectively, GLC alleviates steatohepatitis induced by alcohol consumption and obesity through inhibition of the HMGB1-mediated inflammatory cascade. GLC might be a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of steatohepatitis developed by alcohol abuse and metabolic disorders.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and the pathological basis of many fatal cardiovascular diseases. Macrophages, the main inflammatory cells in atherosclerotic plaque, have a paradox ...role in disease progression. In response to different microenvironments, macrophages mainly have two polarized directions: pro-inflammatory macrophages and anti-inflammatory macrophages. More and more evidence shows that macrophage is mechanosensitive and matrix stiffness regulate macrophage phenotypes in atherosclerosis. However, the molecular mechanism of matrix stiffness regulating macrophage polarization still lacks in-depth research, which hinders the development of new anti-atherosclerotic therapies. In this review, we discuss the important role of matrix stiffness in regulating macrophage polarization through mechanical signal transduction (Hippo, Piezo, cytoskeleton, and integrin) and epigenetic mechanisms (miRNA, DNA methylation, and histone). We hope to provide a new perspective for atherosclerosis therapy by targeting matrix stiffness and macrophage polarization.
Display omitted
•Pro-inflammatory macrophages accelerate the formation of atherosclerotic plaque, and anti-inflammatory macrophages stabilize atherosclerotic plaques.•Soft matrix may make macrophages tend to M1 and secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, while stiff matrix may promote M2 macrophage polarization and secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines.•Matrix stiffness regulates macrophage polarization by mechanical signal transduction and epigenetics.
The coordination of scientific and technological innovation with economy and environment is conducive to the sustainable development of high energy-consuming industries. Under the background of ...realizing the “carbon peak and neutrality” goal in China, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of scientific and technological innovation, economy, and environment of high energy-consuming industries. Based on the coupling coordination theory, this paper analyzes the coordinated development of scientific and technological innovation, economy, and environment of high energy-consuming industries from 2011 to 2019 and analyzes the factors restricting the coordinated development of the three systems. The results show that with the emphasis on scientific and technological innovation and ecological environment, the coordination degree of the complex system of scientific and technological innovation, economy, and environment of high energy-consuming industries is gradually increasing. R & D investment, the proportion of total industrial output value in GDP, and coal consumption per 10000 yuan of industrial output value are the main influencing factors of the coordination of the three systems.
Liver cancer remains one of the tricky malignancies nowadays. GINS complex subunit 3 (
), part of the
tetrameric complex, is significantly upregulated in many cancers, including liver hepatocellular ...carcinoma (LIHC). With the development of liver cancer treatment, immune and molecular targeted therapy gradually becomes a promising treatment. However, the key target for liver cancer is still indistinct. Herein, the underneath mechanism of
was investigated to verify its role as a biomarker in LIHC.
Genomic expression, genetic alteration, and methylation analyses were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), The University of Alabama at Birmingham CANcer (UALCN), and Human Protein Atlas (HPA), cBioPortal, and MethSurv databases. Subsequently, the diagnostic and prognostic role of
in LIHC were analyzed based on data from receiver operating characteristic (ROC), Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM-plotter), and univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses. The functional analyses were conducted with GeneMANIA and STRING databases, gene-gene, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, Gene Ontology (GO) term, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), Tumor-Immune System Interaction Database (TISIDB), and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) were utilized to explore the internal connection with the immune escape.
Through the analyses of genomic expression,
was significantly upregulated in LIHC and positively correlated with higher T classification. ROC analysis indicated
as a potential biomarker in the diagnosis of LIHC. KM-plotter, univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses both associated
with poor prognosis in LIHC patients.
genetic alteration, gene-gene interaction, PPI networks, and enrichment analysis further revealed that
played a pivotal role in the progression of LIHC. Furthermore, hypermethylation of
at different cytosine-guanine (CpG) sites was correlated with better or worse overall survival (OS) in LIHC and
was also closely correlated with m6A modification. Moreover, results supported that
could influence the tumor microenvironment and relate to the immune checkpoints.
Taken together, comprehensive analyses from this study supported
as a novel targeted biomarker in LIHC.
Graphite dust has an important effect on the safety of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors（HTR）.The flow field in the steam generator was studied by the computational fluid dynamics（CFD） method,with ...the results indicating that the friction velocity in the windward and the leeward of the heat transfer tubes is relatively low and is higher at the sides.Further analysis of the resuspension of graphite dust indicates that the resuspension fraction reaches nearly zero for particles with a diameter less than 1 μm,whereas it will increases as the helium velocity in the steam generator increases for particle size larger than 1 μm.Moreover,the resuspension fraction increases as the particle size increases.The results also indicate that resuspension of the particles with sizes larger than 1 μm exhibited obvious differences in different parts of the steam generator.
Matrix-vector multiplication is the key operation for many computationally intensive algorithms. The emerging metal oxide resistive switching random access memory （RRAM） device and RRAM crossbar ...array have demonstrated a promising hardware realization of the analog matrix-vector multiplication with ultra-high energy efficiency. In this paper, we analyze the impact of both device level and circuit level non-ideal factors, including the nonlinear current-voltage relationship of RRAM devices, the variation of device fabrication and write operation, and the interconnect resistance as well as other crossbar array parameters. On top of that, we propose a technological exploration flow for device parameter configuration to overcome the impact of non-ideal factors and achieve a better trade-off among performance, energy, and reliability for each specific application. Our simulation results of a support vector machine （SVM） and Mixed National Institute of Standards and Technology （MNIST） pattern recognition dataset show that RRAM crossbar array based SVM is robust to input signal fluctuation but sensitive to tunneling gap deviation. A further resistance resolution test presents that a 6-bit RRAM device is able to realize a recognition accuracy around 90%, indicating the physical feasibility of RRAM crossbar array based SVM. In addition, the proposed technological exploration flow is able to achieve 10.98% improvement of recognition accuracy on the MNIST dataset and 26.4% energy savings compared with previous work. Experimental results also show that more than 84.4% power saving can be achieved at the cost of little accuracy reduction.
The Internet of Things (IoT) constitutes a heterogeneous network comprising numerous resource-constrained devices. While IoT enhances convenience for individuals, it concurrently confronts formidable ...challenges concerning data security. The proliferation of IoT devices also brings about heightened concerns regarding data leakage. Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) emerges as a promising encryption technique facilitating fine-grained access control during data encryption. However, prevailing CP-ABE schemes predominantly rely on intricate bilinear pairing operations, thereby resulting in diminished computational efficiency. This limitation impedes CP-ABE deployment in resource-constrained IoT environments. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a lightweight pairing-free multi-authority CP-ABE scheme for cloud-edge-assisted IoT. The proposed scheme adopts a multi-authority architecture to distribute the management burden of attributes effectively and cope with the large number of key requests. By leveraging edge servers for offloading complex computational tasks through outsourcing techniques, the proposed scheme reduces the computational cost on terminal devices to a constant level. Security analysis indicates that the proposed scheme possesses confidentiality and resistance to collusion attacks. By comparing with the latest schemes, performance evaluation further demonstrates the efficiency and applicability of the proposed scheme for IoT.
Dynamic symmetric searchable encryption (DSSE) enables clients to perform keyword-based searches on encrypted data outsourced to semi-trusted cloud servers. However, file injection attacks severely ...compromise the data privacy of DSSE, and the limitation of single-keyword search restricts its practical applications. To address these issues, we propose a conjunctive keyword search scheme with forward privacy in this paper. We first utilize a pseudo-random function and random input values to construct an inverted index and then employ a t-puncturable pseudo-random function to construct a forward index. Combining these two indexes enables our scheme to support conjunctive keyword searches. In addition, since no information about the keywords is leaked during the update, our scheme achieves forward privacy and resists file injection attacks effectively. Finally, security analysis and experimental evaluations demonstrate the security and effectiveness of our scheme.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a heterogeneous network composed of different types of wireless networks, such as wireless sensor networks (WSNs), ZigBee, Wi-Fi, AD Hoc, and RFID. However, the ...openness of the IoT environment, the diversity of services, and the limited energy of terminals make the security of IoT a serious challenge. Hence, we propose a distributed IoT trusted operation scheme based on dynamic trusted metric. The scheme combines the direct communication and the indirect recommended trustworthiness metric to calculate the final trustworthiness metric value of nodes. The recommendation trustworthiness confidence and recommendation deviation factors are introduced to reduce the risk of malicious recommendation, so that the trustworthiness metric results can reflect the trustworthiness status of nodes more realistically. On this basis, a trusted operation mechanism for terminal devices is proposed. Based on trustworthiness metric, this mechanism ensures the safe joining of trusted individuals, realizes the selection of terminal data transmission relay nodes, and maintains the secure and reliable operation of network environment. Simulation results show that our scheme can truly and effectively reflect the trustworthy state of nodes and outperforms similar trustworthy metric models in terms of energy consumption.
