Curli amyloid fibrils secreted by Enterobacteriaceae mediate host cell adhesion and contribute to biofilm formation, thereby promoting bacterial resistance to environmental stressors. Here, we ...present crystal structures of amyloid-forming segments from the major curli subunit, CsgA, revealing steric zipper fibrils of tightly mated β-sheets, demonstrating a structural link between curli and human pathological amyloids. D-enantiomeric peptides, originally developed to interfere with Alzheimer's disease-associated amyloid-β, inhibited CsgA fibrillation and reduced biofilm formation in Salmonella typhimurium. Moreover, as previously shown, CsgA fibrils cross-seeded fibrillation of amyloid-β, providing support for the proposed structural resemblance and potential for cross-species amyloid interactions. The presented findings provide structural insights into amyloidogenic regions important for curli formation, suggest a novel strategy for disrupting amyloid-structured biofilms, and hypothesize on the formation of self-propagating prion-like species originating from a microbial source that could influence neurodegenerative diseases.
The article deals with the method of reducing the compressibility of the subsidence soil under the bottom of a slab foundation of a multi-storey apartment building by reinforcing the soil with rigid ...elements, which are concrete piles in rolled wells. This method is effective because it eliminates the subsidence properties of the soil and significantly increases the deformation modulus, which causes a decrease in the amount of precipitation of the foundations of the designed object. An example of the use of this method for a multi-storey apartment building and the results of field plate load tests of artificially improved soil are given.
Candida
Als family adhesins mediate adhesion to biological and abiotic substrates, as well as fungal cell aggregation, fungal-bacterial co-aggregation and biofilm formation. The activity of at least ...two family members, Als5 and Als1, is dependent on amyloid-like protein aggregation that is initiated by shear force. Each Als adhesin has a ∼300-residue N-terminal Ig-like/invasin region. The following 108-residue, low complexity, threonine-rich (T) domain unfolds under shear force to expose a critical amyloid-forming segment
322
SNGIVIVATTRTV
334
at the interface between the Ig-like/invasin domain 2 and the T domain of C
andida albicans
Als5. Amyloid prediction programs identified six potential amyloidogenic sequences in the Ig-like/invasin region and three others in the T domain of
C. albicans
Als5. Peptides derived from four of these sequences formed fibrils that bound thioflavin T, the amyloid indicator dye, and three of these revealed atomic-resolution structures of cross-β spines. These are the first atomic-level structures for fungal adhesins. One of these segments, from the T domain, revealed kinked β-sheets, similarly to LARKS (Low-complexity, Amyloid-like, Reversible, Kinked segments) found in human functional amyloids. Based on the cross-β structures in Als proteins, we use evolutionary arguments to identify functional amyloidogenic sequences in other fungal adhesins, including adhesins from
Candida auris
. Thus, cross-β structures are often involved in fungal pathogenesis and potentially in antifungal therapy.
Curli amyloid fibrils secreted by Enterobacteriaceae mediate host cell adhesion and contribute to biofilm formation, thereby promoting bacterial resistance to environmental stressors. Here, we ...present crystal structures of amyloid-forming segments from the major curli subunit, CsgA, revealing steric zipper fibrils of tightly mated beta-sheets, demonstrating a structural link between curli and human pathological amyloids. D-enantiomeric peptides, originally developed to interfere with Alzheimer's disease-associated amyloid-beta, inhibited CsgA fibrillation and reduced biofilm formation in Salmonella typhimurium. Moreover, as previously shown, CsgA fibrils cross-seeded fibrillation of amyloid-beta, providing support for the proposed structural resemblance and potential for cross-species amyloid interactions. The presented findings provide structural insights into amyloidogenic regions important for curli formation, suggest a novel strategy for disrupting amyloid-structured biofilms, and hypothesize on the formation of self-propagating prion-like species originating from a microbial source that could influence neurodegenerative diseases.
sündmuse kommentaar: Tallinna keskaegne Restoran "Olde Hansa" Vanaturu 1
sündmuse kommentaar: Eesti Fotokunstiühingu fotokonkurss ja fotonäitus ,,Tallinna nägu"
commentary on the event: photographic ...competition and exhibition of photographs of the Estonian Photographic Art Society, the face of Tallinn "
The polycrystalline SrFe12O19 samples deeply substituted up to at.67% by Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, Co3+, and Cr3+ cations with a high configurational mixing entropy were prepared by solid-phase synthesis. ...Phase purity and unit cell parameters were obtained from XRD and analyzed versus the average ionic radius of the iron sublattice. The crystallite size varied around ∼4.5 μm. A comprehensive study of the magnetization was realized in various fields and temperatures. The saturation magnetization was calculated using the Law of Approach to Saturation. The accompanying magnetic parameters were determined. The magnetic crystallographic anisotropy coefficient and the anisotropy field were calculated. All investigated magnetization curves turned out to be nonmonotonic. The magnetic ordering and freezing temperatures were extracted from the ZFC and FC curves. The average size of magnetic clusters varied around ∼350 nm. The high values of the configurational mixing entropy and the phenomenon of magnetic dilution were taken into account.
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•Deeply substituted SrFe12O19 by 3d-cations with high mixing entropy were prepared•Unit cell parameters were analyzed versus average iron sublattice ionic radius•Saturation magnetization was calculated using the Law of Approach to Saturation•Magnetic ordering and freezing temperatures were extracted from ZFC and FC curves
Condensed matter properties; Magnetic property; Magnetic materials
Цель. Разработка модели сверточной нейронной сети для определения внекорневых заболеваний яблонь по фотографиям листьев с мобильного телефона.
Методы и материалы исследования. Материалом для ...исследований послужили размеченные изображения с различными видами внекорневых заболеваний яблони, опубликованные в открытом доступе платформы Kaggle. Методы исследования: теория проектирования и разработки информационных систем, программирования, методы аугментации и расширения датасетов для задач компьютерного зрения, методы настройки гиперпараметров обучения моделей нейронной сети.
Результаты. Яблоня (Malus) – многолетняя древесная культура рода Malus. Яблоки – основная плодовая культура России. Яблоня как плодовая культура распространена почти во всех странах умеренного климата, а в России она выращивается повсеместно – от северных регионов до юга 3. Заболевания яблонь является одной из главных причин снижения урожайности садов по всему миру. Для профилактики и раннего предупреждения распространения заболеваний яблонь необходим инструмент в виде модели нейронной сети, позволяющей определить наличия заболевания по фотографии со смартфона листьев яблони. В работе использовались методы глубинного обучения сверточных нейронных сетей, а также концепция «transfer learning». На базе сети EfficientNet была обучена нейронная сеть, позволяющая с точностью 0,9842 по метрике F1-score определять наличие некорневых заболеваний яблони по изображению листьев.
Заключение. Был подготовлен набор данных изображений листьев яблонь, включающий четыре класса, для эффективной классификации нейронной сетью. Два класса с признаками определенного заболевания яблони, один класс для наличия более одного заболевания и один класс для здоровых яблонь. Построена и обучена модель для решения задачи классификации по обнаружению болезни яблонь по изображениям листьев со смартфона.
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