The usefulness of high-frequency stimulation of the ventral intermediate nucleus (Vim) as the first neurosurgical procedure in disabling tremor was assessed in 26 patients with Parkinson's disease ...and 6 with essential tremor. 7 of these patients had already undergone thalamotomy contralateral to the stimulated side, and 11 others had bilateral Vim stimulation at the same time. Chronic stimulating electrodes connected to a pulse generator were implanted in the Vim. Tremor amplitude at rest, during posture holding, and during action and intention manoeuvres was assessed by means of accelerometry. Of the 43 thalami stimulated, 27 showed complete relief from tremor and 11 major improvement (88%). The improvement was maintained for up to 29 months (mean follow-up 13 SD 9 months). Adverse effects were mild and could be eradicated by reduction or cessation of stimulation. This reversibility and adaptability, allowing control of side-effects, make thalamic stimulation preferable to thalamotomy, especially when treatment of both sides of the brain is needed.
Lancet 1991;
337: 403-06.
Pancreas transplantation exposes to high rates of complications, either vascular (thrombosis, stenosis, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula) or nonvascular (fluid collection, graft rejection). With ...advances in percutaneous and endovascular techniques, interventional radiologists are increasingly involved in the management of these complications. In this article, we review the anatomical considerations relevant to pancreas transplantation, the techniques used for image-guided interventions for vascular and nonvascular complications, and the expected outcomes of these interventions.
A
bstract
The production cross-section of
J/ψ
pairs in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of
s
= 13 TeV is measured using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4
....
2 fb
−
1
collected by the LHCb experiment. The measurement is performed with both
J/ψ
mesons in the transverse momentum range 0
< p
T
<
14 GeV/
c
and rapidity range 2
.
0
< y <
4
.
5. The cross-section of this process is measured to be 16
.
36 ± 0
.
28 (stat) ± 0
.
88 (syst) nb. The contributions from single-parton scattering and double-parton scattering are separated based on the dependence of the cross-section on the absolute rapidity difference ∆
y
between the two
J/ψ
mesons. The effective cross-section of double-parton scattering is measured to be
σ
eff
= 13
.
1
±
1
.
8 (stat)
±
2
.
3 (syst) mb. The distribution of the azimuthal angle
ϕ
CS
of one of the
J/ψ
mesons in the Collins-Soper frame and the
p
T
-spectrum of the
J/ψ
pairs are also measured for the study of the gluon transverse-momentum dependent distributions inside protons. The extracted values of ⟨cos 2
ϕ
CS
⟩ and ⟨cos 4
ϕ
CS
⟩ are consistent with zero, but the presence of azimuthal asymmetry at a few percent level is allowed.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a highly pathogenic, tick-borne member of the family Bunyaviridae and the genus Nairovirus. To better elucidate the pathogenesis of CCHFV, we analysed ...the host innate immune response induced in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) infected in vitro by CCHFV. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (MPs) were both shown to be permissive for CCHFV and to replicate the virus, as monitored by genomic and antigenomic strand quantification. Virus replication was, however, controlled, corroborating an efficient alpha interferon-induced response. The upregulation of CD-83 and CD-86 indicated that CCHFV induced a partial maturation of DCs, which were also shown to activate the secretion of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, but no tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). On the other hand, in MPs, CCHFV infection elicited a high IL-6 and TNF-alpha response and a moderate chemokine response. Nevertheless, when we compared these APC responses with those seen after infection with Dugbe virus (DUGV), a mildly pathogenic virus genetically close to CCHFV, we found that, in spite of some similarities, DUGV induced a higher cytokine/chemokine response in MPs. These results suggest that CCHFV is able to inhibit the activation of inflammatory mediators selectively in infection in vitro and that these differences could be relevant in pathogenesis.
Search for the doubly charmed baryon Ξcc Alexander, M.; Alves, A. A.; Baryshnikov, F. ...
Science China. Physics, mechanics & astronomy,
02/2020, Letnik:
63, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A search for the doubly charmed baryon
Ξ
c
c
+
is performed through its decay to the
Λ
c
+
K
−
π
+
final state, using proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass ...energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV. The data correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb
−1
. No significant signal is observed in the mass range from 3.4 to 3.8 GeV/
c
2
. Upper limits are set at 95% credibility level on the ratio of the
Ξ
c
c
+
production cross-section times the branching fraction to that of
Λ
c
+
and
Ξ
c
c
+
+
baryons. The limits are determined as functions of the
Ξ
c
c
+
mass for different lifetime hypotheses, in the rapidity range from 2.0 to 4.5 and the transverse momentum range from 4 to 15 GeV/
c
.
A
bstract
A comprehensive study of the local and nonlocal amplitudes contributing to the decay
B
0
→
K
*0
(→
K
+
π
−
)
μ
+
μ
−
is performed by analysing the phase-space distribution of the decay ...products. The analysis is based on
pp
collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 8.4 fb
−
1
collected by the LHCb experiment. This measurement employs for the first time a model of both one-particle and two-particle nonlocal amplitudes, and utilises the complete dimuon mass spectrum without any veto regions around the narrow charmonium resonances. In this way it is possible to explicitly isolate the local and nonlocal contributions and capture the interference between them. The results show that interference with nonlocal contributions, although larger than predicted, only has a minor impact on the Wilson Coefficients determined from the fit to the data. For the local contributions, the Wilson Coefficient
C
9
, responsible for vector dimuon currents, exhibits a 2.1
σ
deviation from the Standard Model expectation. The Wilson Coefficients
C
10
,
C
9
′
and
C
10
′
are all in better agreement than
C
9
with the Standard Model and the global significance is at the level of 1.5
σ
. The model used also accounts for nonlocal contributions from
B
0
→ K
*0
τ
+
τ
−
→ μ
+
μ
−
rescattering, resulting in the first direct measurement of the
bsττ
vector effective-coupling
C
9
τ
.
A
bstract
The
ϒ
(1
S
)
μ
+
μ
−
invariant-mass distribution is investigated for a possible exotic meson state composed of two
b
quarks and two
b
¯
quarks,
X
b
b
¯
b
b
¯
. The analysis is based on a ...data sample of
pp
collisions recorded with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies
s
=
7
, 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.3 fb
−1
. No significant excess is found, and upper limits are set on the product of the production cross-section and the branching fraction as functions of the mass of the
X
b
b
¯
b
b
¯
state. The limits are set in the fiducial volume where all muons have pseudorapidity in the range 2
.
0
,
5
.
0, and the
X
b
b
¯
b
b
¯
state has rapidity in the range 2
.
0
,
4
.
5 and transverse momentum less than 15 GeV/
c
.
A
bstract
The production cross-sections of
J/ψ
mesons in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of
s
= 5 TeV are measured using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of ...9
.
13 ± 0
.
18 pb
−
1
, collected by the LHCb experiment. The cross-sections are measured differentially as a function of transverse momentum,
p
T
, and rapidity,
y
, and separately for
J/ψ
mesons produced promptly and from beauty hadron decays (nonprompt). With the assumption of unpolarised
J/ψ
mesons, the production cross-sections integrated over the kinematic range 0
< p
T
<
20 GeV/
c
and 2
.
0
< y <
4
.
5 are
σ
prompt
J
/
ψ
=
8.154
±
0.010
±
0.283
μb
,
σ
nonprompt
J
/
ψ
=
0.820
±
0.003
±
0.034
μb
,
where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. These cross-sections are compared with those at
s
= 8 TeV and 13 TeV, and are used to update the measurement of the nuclear modification factor in proton-lead collisions for
J/ψ
mesons at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of
s
NN
= 5 TeV. The results are compared with theoretical predictions.
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