The antikaon interaction on nucleons and nuclei in the low-energy regime is neither simple nor well understood. Rather direct access to this field is provided by x-ray spectroscopy of light kaonic ...atoms like kaonic hydrogen, deuterium and helium isotopes. A series of precision measurements on kaonic atoms was performed very successfully by the SIDDHARTA Collaboration at the DAΦNE electron-positron collider at LNF-INFN (Frascati, Italy). Consequently, new precision data on the strong interaction observables (i.e. energy shift and broadening of low-lying atomic states) were delivered having an important impact on the theory of low-energy QCD with strangeness. Presently, the follow-up experiment, SIDDHARTA-2, is in preparation, aiming at a determination of the strong interaction observables in kaonic deuterium as the highest priority; other type of measurements (light and heavier kaonic atoms) are as well foreseen. With the kaonic deuterium data the antikaon-nucleon isospin-resolved scattering lengths can be extracted for the first time. An overview of the progress and present status of experimental studies and an outlook to future perspectives in this fascinating research field is given.
The SIDDHARTA experiment (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) had the aim to perform a precise measurement of K-series kaonic hydrogen x-rays and the first-ever ...measurement of the kaonic deuterium x-rays to determine the strong-interaction energy-level shifts and widths of the lowest lying atomic states.
These measurements offer a unique possibility to precisely determine the isospin-dependent kaon-nucleon(KN) scattering lengths which are directly connected with the physics of the KN interaction.
The experiment combined the excellent low-energy kaon beam generated at DAΦNE, allowing to use gaseous targets, with excellent fast X-rays detectors: Silicon Drift Detectors. SIDDHARTA was installed on DAΦNE in autumn 2008 and took data till late 2009.
Apart of the kaonic hydrogen and kaonic deuterium measurements, we have performed the kaonic helium transitions to the 2
p level (L-lines) measurements: for the first time in a gaseous target for kaonic helium 4 and for the first time ever for kaonic helium 3. In this paper, an overview of this experiment and preliminary results are presented, together with future plans.
The SIDDHARTA experiment (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) aims to perform a precise measurement of the X-ray K-series of kaonic hydrogen and the first-ever ...measurement of kaonic deuterium, to obtain the strong-interaction energy-level shifts and widths of the lowest lying atomic states. The measurements will allow the determination of the isospin-dependent kaon-nucleon (KN) scattering lengths, directly connected to the physics of the KN interaction. The experiment uses the low-energy kaon beam generated at DAΦNE collider, high-density cryogenic targets and fast, large area X-ray spectroscopic detectors. In addition to the kaonic hydrogen and kaonic deuterium, the collaboration performed measurements of the kaonic Helium transitions to the 2
p level (L-lines). Kaonic Helium 4 was measured for the first time in a gaseous target while the kaonic Helium 3 was mesured for the first time ever.
Kaonic Hydrogen Beer, G; Bragadireanu, A. M; Cargnelli, M ...
Progress of theoretical physics. Supplement,
01/2003, Letnik:
149
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The objective of the DEAR experiment is a precision measurement of the strong interaction shifts and widths of the K-series lines in kaonic hydrogen and the first observation of the same quantities ...in kaonic deuterium. These results will allow a precise determination of the isospin dependent kaon-nucleon scattering lengths and will help to determine the kaon-nucleon sigma terms. With the present performance of the DAFNE collider a kaonic hydrogen measurement with a precision better than the best existing experiment seems feasible now. In a preparing experiment kaonic nitrogen X rays were measured.
The DAΦNE electron-positron collider at the Frascati National Laboratories has made available a unique “beam” of negative kaons providing unprecedented conditions for the study of the low-energy ...kaon-nucleon interaction, a field still largely unexplored. The DEAR (DAΦNE Exotic Atom Research) experiment at DAΦNE and its successor SIDDHARTA (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) aim at a precision measurement of the strong interaction shift and width of the fundamental 1s level, via the measurement of the X-rays transitions to this level, for kaonic hydrogen and kaonic deuterium. The final aim is to extract the isospin dependent antikaon-nucleon scattering lengths which contribute to the understanding of aspects of chiral symmetry breaking in the strangeness sector. Other kaonic atoms transition measurements possible at DAΦNE are under study.
AMADEUS is an experiment planned to be performed at the DAΦNE e+e− collider of the Frascati National Laboratories (Italy) of INFN, to investigate the antikaon-nuclei interaction at low energies. ...AMADEUS will perform, for the first time, full-acceptance studies of antikaon interaction in light nuclei, including a complete experimental program for the case of the kaonic nuclear clusters. The study of the absorption of antikaon by the nucleus will provide information concerning the \documentclass12pt{minimal}
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\begin{document}$\bar{K}N$\end{document} interaction and the modification of the kaon mass in the nuclear medium. The experiment is being preceded by the study of the hadronic interactions of K− in the 4He of the drift chamber from the KLOE experiment data.
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\begin{document}$\overline{K}N$\end{document} system at rest plays a key role for the understanding of strong interaction of hadrons with strangeness involved. The experiment SIDDHARTA used X-ray spectroscopy of kaonic atoms to measure the strong interaction induced shift and width of the ground state. It was the first experiment on kaonic He3 and deuterium ever, kaonic hydrogen was measured with improved precision resulting in \documentclass12pt{minimal}
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\begin{document}$\epsilon_{1s} = -283 \pm 36 \mbox{(stat)} \pm 6 \mbox{(syst)}$\end{document} eV and \documentclass12pt{minimal}
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\begin{document}$\Gamma_{1s} = 541 \pm 89 \mbox{(stat)} \pm 22 \mbox{(syst)}$\end{document} eV. Additionally a scheme for an improved future experiment on kaonic deuterium is introduced in this contribution.
The SIDDHARTA experiment measured the kaonic 3He and 4He 3d →2p X-ray transitions using gaseous targets for the first time. The strong-interaction shift both of the kaonic 3He and 4He 2p states was ...determined with a precision of a few eV. The shift of kaonic 4He is much smaller than the values obtained in the experiments performed in 70’s and 80’s, while it is consistent with the recent result of the KEK E570 experiment, as well as the theoretical calculated values. Therefore, the problem on kaonic helium (the “kaonic helium puzzle”) was definitely solved. The first observation of the kaonic 3He X-rays was also achieved in the SIDDHARTA experiment. The shift both of kaonic 3He and 4He was found to be as small as a few eV.
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