► Magnetic monopoles are hypothetical particles predicted in unified theories. ► Relativistic monopoles could be detected in a neutrino telescope. ► A search for upgoing monopoles has been performed ...using 2008 ANTARES data. ► The obtained flux limits are stronger than limits from other experiments.
Magnetic monopoles are predicted in various unified gauge models and could be produced at intermediate mass scales. Their detection in a neutrino telescope is facilitated by the large amount of light emitted compared to that from muons. This paper reports on a search for upgoing relativistic magnetic monopoles with the ANTARES neutrino telescope using a data set of 116days of live time taken from December 2007 to December 2008. The one observed event is consistent with the expected atmospheric neutrino and muon background, leading to a 90% C.L. upper limit on the monopole flux between 1.3×10−17 and 8.9×10−17cm−2s−1sr−1 for monopoles with velocity β⩾0.625.
ABSTRACT
This paper presents four searches for flaring sources of neutrinos using the IceCube neutrino telescope. For the first time, a search is performed over the entire parameter space of energy, ...direction, and time with sensitivity to neutrino flares lasting between 20 μs and a year duration from astrophysical sources. Searches that integrate over time are less sensitive to flares because they are affected by a larger background of atmospheric neutrinos and muons that can be reduced by the use of additional timing information. Flaring sources considered here, such as active galactic nuclei, soft gamma-ray repeaters, and gamma-ray bursts, are promising candidate neutrino emitters. Two searches are “untriggered” in the sense that they look for any possible flare in the entire sky and from a predefined catalog of sources from which photon flares have been recorded. The other two searches are triggered by multi-wavelength information on flares from blazars and from a soft gamma-ray repeater. One triggered search uses lightcurves from
Fermi
-LAT which provides continuous monitoring. A second triggered search uses information where the flux states have been measured only for short periods of time near the flares. The untriggered searches use data taken by 40 strings of IceCube between 2008 April 5 and 2009 May 20. The triggered searches also use data taken by the 22-string configuration of IceCube operating between 2007 May 31 and 2008 April 5. The results from all four searches are compatible with a fluctuation of the background.
In this work the strong influence of geological factors on the variability of indoor radon is found in two of three geologically very different regions of South-Eastern Europe. A method to estimate ...the annual mean concentration when one seasonal measurement is missing is proposed. Large differences of radon concentrations in different rooms of the same house and significant difference in radon concentrations in one season comparing it to the others are noted in certain cases. Geological factors that can lead to such behavior are discussed.
In a topological quantum computer, universal quantum computation is performed by dragging quasiparticle excitations of certain two dimensional systems around each other to form braids of their world ...lines in 2 + 1 dimensional space-time. In this Letter we show that any such quantum computation that can be done by braiding n identical quasiparticles can also be done by moving a single quasiparticle around n - 1 other identical quasiparticles whose positions remain fixed.
Two new species of
Fusarium
associated with Australian indigenous grasses in natural ecosystems are described as
F. lyarnte
and
F. werrikimbe
on the basis of morphology, DNA fingerprinting and ...phylogenetic analysis of EF-1α and β-tubulin sequence data. Isolates of these species were initially recovered from soil in the McGraths Creek area of central Australia and subsequently recovered from soil and stems of the indigenous grass
Sorghum interjectum
from Litchfield National Park in the Northern Territory, and from
Sorghum leiocladum
from Werrikimbe National Park in New South Wales. The common feature of both of these species is the production of large globose microconidia in false heads on polyphialides. Attempts to apply the biological species concept were unsuccessful.
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► Photoluminescence spectra of CdS and Cd0.7Mn0.3S nanocrystals are presented. ► Magnetic field up to 5T at 1.8K was applied. ► Surface, defect states and two Mn2+ levels are ...registered. ► Mn2+ ions registerd in two different crystal environments. ► MnS phases are registered in the surfaces of the sample.
We have synthesized CdS and Cd0.7Mn0.3S nanocrystals with diameters of about 4.5nm. These materials have been studied using photoluminescence spectroscopy with various excitation energies in the temperature range from 1.8 to 300K, in magnetic field up to 5T. We registered surface and defect states as well as two Mn2+ energy levels that correspond to Mn2+ ions in two different crystal environments. We proposed the scheme of energy levels and transitions that explain obtained experimental results.
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