Human parvovirus B19 (B19) has been transmitted by some brands of virally attenuated plasma‐derived factor VIII (FVIII) or IX (FIX) concentrates. To quantify the differences of human parvovirus B19 ...risk transmission between albumin‐stabilized recombinant factor and plasma‐derived factor, we studied the prevalence of IgG antibodies to B19 (anti‐B19) in 193 haemophiliac children between 1 and 6‐years of age who had previously been treated with albumin‐stabilized recombinant FVIII only (n = 104), and in children previously treated with solvent/detergent high‐purity non‐immunopurified and non‐nanofiltered FVIII or IX concentrates (n = 89). Association between the prevalence of anti‐B19 and the treatment group was analysed using multivariate logistic regression. Age, severity and type of haemophilia, number of cumulative days of exposure to factor VIII or IX, previous history of red blood cells or plasma transfusion were considered as potential confounding variables. A higher prevalence of anti‐B19 was found in children previously treated with solvent/detergent high‐purity non‐immunopurified and non‐nanofiltered FVIII or IX concentrates than in children treated with albumin‐ stabilized recombinant FVIII only (OR: 22·3; CI: 7·9–62·8), independently of the other factors studied.
The goal of the present study was to evaluate in adults the benefit of the Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics (EMLA) for preoperative autologous blood donation.
Twenty-six adult patients requiring ...three blood samples were studied. The pain of venipuncture was assessed by the patient using a 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and a four-category Verbal Rating Scale (VRS). The first puncture was performed without anaesthesia, as a "reference puncture". The second and third punctures were performed with EMLA and placebo in a double-blind cross-over randomization. For statistical analysis, the patients were allocated to two groups according to the VAS scores of the reference puncture: (Group 1) VASref < 20 mm; (Group 2) VASref > or = 20 mm.
For the whole 26 patients, the VAS and the VRS pain scores were lower for EMLA puncture than for both the placebo and reference punctures (P < 0.05). Twenty patients had a VASref < 20 mm and six patients a VASref > or = 20 mm. In Group 1, there was no difference between EMLA and placebo for both the VAS and VRS scores. In contrast, in Group 2, the VAS score was lower for EMLA than for both the placebo and the reference punctures (respectively 11 +/- 7.1, 28.9 +/- 7.9, 29.1 +/- 6.4; P < 0.01); the VRS score was also lower for EMLA puncture than for placebo puncture (P < 0.05).
In adults requiring repeated venous punctures, pain from cannulation may be evaluated at the first puncture with a Visual Analogue Scale, thus indicating or not the need for EMLA.
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