Patients with osteoporotic fractures are much more likely to sustain additional fractures; therefore both appropriate treatment and prevention of future fractures (which takes into account the ...method of injury) need to be addressed. These patients are also much more likely to have underlying secondary causes for bone loss that need to be diagnosed and treated, as well as other multiple risk factors that should be uncovered and modified if possible. Finally, clinical pathways that unite orthopedic surgeons and medical specialists in osteoporosis care are necessary to target patients with osteoporotic fractures for evaluation and treatment.
Osteobiology of Aging Rosenzweig, Andrew; Pignolo, Robert J.
Fractures in the Elderly
Book Chapter
The goals of this chapter will be to give a brief overview of bone biology, describe the molecular mechanisms of bone remodeling and pathologic uncoupling, and provide a general survey of the ...multiple pathways leading to aging bone and osteoporosis.
Senescent human diploid fibroblasts have an undefined arrest state partially characterized by the differential expression of cell cycle-regulated genes and a failure to complete the ...mitogen-stimulated cascade of signalling events that lead to DNA synthesis. We present evidence that this arrest state precludes the entry of senescent fibroblasts into a normally reversible G
0 or quiescent state. Both nuclear association kinetics and quinacrine dihydrochloride nuclear fluorescence show chromatin condensation patterns consistent with arrest in late G
1 and exclusion of senescent cells from the G
0 phase of the cell cycle. Steady-state thymidine kinase mRNA levels indicate that some of the signalling cascades initiated from a functional G
0 state may be intact in senescent cells, at least qualitatively, and that this expression may represent an abortive attempt to complete pathways required for DNA replication. Taken together, the evidence suggests that growth arrest in senescent cells likely occurs in a physiologic state fundamentally distinct from that of the G
0, quiescent state that is achieved by nonproliferating young cells. A full response to serum or growth factor addition, leading from quiescence to DNA synthesis, may require cells to initiate this traverse from a true G
0 state. If so, senescent cells would be excluded from this pathway.
Osteoporosis Pignolo, Robert J.
Classic Papers in Geriatric Medicine with Current Commentaries
Book Chapter
Paleopathology examinations of old skeletons confirm that osteoporosis likely existed throughout history (1), but it has been only within the last 200 years that the term was coined and that the ...pathology distinguished it from osteomalacia (2). As human lifespan has increased over the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, osteoporosis has taken on major importance as a clinical problem.
Perspectives on General Aging Pignolo, Robert J.
Classic Papers in Geriatric Medicine with Current Commentaries
Book Chapter
In February 1905, in his farewell address to The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, William Osier offered two “fixed” ideas regarding the uselessness of old age (1). The first idea was that ...men more than 40 years of age were comparatively useless:
Take the sum of human achievement in action, in science, in art, in literatur—subtract the work of the men above 40, and, while we should miss great treasures, even priceless treasures, we would practically be where we are today.
Animal Models of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Kaplan, Frederick S.; Shore, Eileen M.; Pignolo, Robert J. ...
Clinical reviews in bone and mineral metabolism,
09/2005, Letnik:
3, Številka:
3-4
Journal Article
Robust developmental novelty often results from polymorphisms or mutations in the regulatory regions of genes that control major morphogenetic signaling pathways 77. It is much more unusual for ...developmental novelty to arise from mutations in the protein-coding region of such genes, because they often lead to embryonic death or catastrophic postnatal phenotypes.
