Formal institutions and social capital interact with each other in multiple ways. We argue and show empirically at the cross-country level that in the case of group lending, contract enforcement ...complements bonding social capital and substitutes for bridging one. It means that payoff to social capital in group lending depends on social capital type and is contingent on the quality of contract enforcement which serves as a sorting factor, working in the opposite directions for different stripes of social capital. These results are robust to various estimations, sets of controls, and social capital measures.
The dynamic processes of the system of stabilization of the speed of the conveyor belt with a built-in hydraulic drive on the basis of an improved mathematical model, which takes into account the ...physical phenomena occurring in the hydraulic system during the action of alternating load. The influence of the main parameters of the hydraulic system and the magnitude of the load on the course of dynamic processes is analyzed and recommendations for their selection are formulated. The proposed scheme of the built-in hydraulic drive of a conveyor belt with system of stabilization of speed of movement automatically provides its uninterrupted work. The use of an additional hydraulic pump allowed to stabilize the speed of the conveyor belt to 7.8%, provided that the load on the working link is 2.3 times.
Automated monitoring of the presence of such particles present near the main operational means of production or medical equipment with the determination of their trajectories is necessary to improve ...the efficiency of this equipment and the quality of operations. When performing measurements of the parameters of abstract objects of different origin and properties, for example, at precise parts production, problems of contamination of the surface of the object with discrete particles of another origin are often encountered. It is now known that every abstract entity forms around the area of the presence of solid particles. These solid particles, under the action of interaction forces, have the property to be ordered in space and on the surface of the object. This paper is a result of research and modelling of the interaction of such particles during their shredding and their structural self-organization. Severally consideration is given to the formation of dust layers under the action of coupling forces is reviewed. Models of behaviour of these layers for some typical surface forms of control object are created.
In the article, a device for measuring the parameters of the rotational movement of the auger for dewatering solid waste is proposed based on the analysis of signal processing methods and measurement ...of physical quantities. It can be used in the development of high-performance special vehicles for transporting waste as the main link in the structure of machines for the collection and primary processing of solid waste. The structural scheme of the means and block diagram of the microcontroller control program algorithm for implementation of the device for measuring the parameters of the rotational motion are proposed. The main technical characteristics of the proposed means are given. The results of experimental tests for measuring the parameters of rotational motion are shown. The results of experimental studies, which are given in the work, confirmed the reliability of the measured parameters.
The characteristic features of engineering products are revealed. Average industry performance indicators of mechanical engineering enterprises in Ukraine were formed. The competitiveness of ...mechanical engineering enterprises was studied. The integral indicator of the competitiveness of mechanical engineering enterprises in Ukraine was evaluated. It has been established that the competitiveness industry, despite certain profits received by enterprises, is in a systemic, predictable crisis and only individual enterprises that maintain their own line of economic behavior are successful, increase competitiveness and have prospects for further economic growth.
The paper presents the approaches to FE modelling of blade airfoil, contact between the shrouds and operational damage. The regularities are established concerning the influence of the finite element ...type, finite element mesh and model of contact interaction on the spectrum of natural frequencies of blade assemblies. The use of the developed computational models is substantiated to determine the forced vibration characteristics of the selected objects of investigation. Based on the performed numerical experiments it was substantiated of finite element model selection for analysis of characteristics of shrouded rotor blade vibrations.
The paper explores various measures of institutional quality in Russian regions, and compares those measures to each other. Such analysis leads to the conclusion that Russian regional institutions ...are essentially multidimensional, and therefore comparisons of Russian regions in terms of their overall institutional quality could be problematic. New institutional indices are derived from Russian enterprise surveys held under the BEEPS project of the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development. Such indices yield a typology of Russian regions in terms of efficacy of regional administrations’ control over economy and bureaucracy in their regions. Dynamics of regional institutional indices is investigated against the backdrop of Russia-wide institutional trends.JEL classification: D73, D78, H73, H83, O17
Structural calculation scheme of the hydropulse device for vibration cutting with built-in ring with pressure pulse generator (PPG) is considered. On the basis of the structural scheme and cyclogram ...of the working cycle of the device, its dynamic and mathematical models were developed, in which the hydraulic link is represented by a visco-elastic model of the working fluid (energy carrier) composed of the inertial elastic and dissipative elements (Kelvin-Foyga's body).
The application of adaptive drives in working units of various technological and mobile machines is considered. The results of theoretical and experimental research have proved the effectiveness of ...their use for improving the dynamic characteristics of machines, reducing unproductive power losses during their operation.
SUMMARY
Strong institutions attract talent to productive activities, whereas weak ones raise the appeal of redistribution. We find a strong positive cross‐country association between the quality of ...institutions and graduation of university students in science, and an even stronger negative correlation with graduation in law. These findings are robust to various specifications of empirical models. We also demonstrate that institutions dominate other factors affecting the allocation of talent. Finally, we present direct evidence that (mis)allocation of talent between productive and unproductive activities driven by institutional quality explains the discrepancy between private and public returns to education.
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