Elbrus is an explicitly parallel VLIW instruction set architecture developed by MCST. In this paper, we introduce the microarchitecture of the 5th generation 8-core Elbrus-8C processor implemented on ...28nm. Elbrus-8C has 5x the peak performance for floating-point operations as compared with its predecessor, the Elbrus-4C processor, due to improved single-core performance and doubled number of cores. Microarchitecture enhancements include a 16 MB shared third-level cache, high-bandwidth, low-latency on-chip network, and a new cache coherence protocol. Elbrus-8C improves bandwidths of memory and I/O subsystems using four DDR3-1600 memory channels and a new 8 GBps full-duplex I/O link. The Elbrus-8C processor also offers energy saving, reliability, and die yield improvement mechanisms required due to large die area and power.
The functional properties of many technological surfaces in biotechnology, electronics, and mechanical engineering depend to a large degree on the individual features of their nanoscale surface ...texture, which in turn are a function of the surface manufacturing process. Among these features, the surface irregularities and self-similarity structures at different spatial scales, especially in the range of 1 to 100 nm, are of high importance because they greatly affect the surface interaction forces acting at a nanoscale distance. An analytical method for parameterizing the surface irregularities and their correlations in nanosurfaces imaged by atomic force microscopy (AFM) is proposed. In this method, flicker noise spectroscopy - a statistical physics approach - is used to develop six nanometrological parameters characterizing the high-frequency contributions of jump- and spike-like irregularities into the surface texture. These contributions reflect the stochastic processes of anomalous diffusion and inertial effects, respectively, in the process of surface manufacturing. The AFM images of the texture of corrosion-resistant magnetite coatings formed on low-carbon steel in hot nitrate solutions with coating growth promoters at different temperatures are analyzed. It is shown that the parameters characterizing surface spikiness are able to quantify the effect of process temperature on the corrosion resistance of the coatings. It is suggested that these parameters can be used for predicting and characterizing the corrosion-resistant properties of magnetite coatings.
We propose an interpolation expression using the difference moment (Kolmogorov transient structural function) of the second order as the average characteristic of displacements for identifying the ...anomalous diffusion in complex processes when the stochastic dynamics of the system under study reaches a steady state (large time intervals). Our procedure based on this expression for identifying anomalous diffusion and calculating its parameters in complex processes is applied to the analysis of the dynamics of blinking fluorescence of quantum dots, X-ray emission from accreting objects, fluid velocity in Rayleigh-Bénard convection, and geoelectrical signal for a seismic area. For all four examples, the proposed interpolation is able to adequately describe the stochastic part of the experimental difference moment, which implies that anomalous diffusion manifests itself in these complex processes. The results of this study make it possible to broaden the range of complex natural processes in which anomalous diffusion can be identified.
Anomalous diffusion, process in which the mean-squared displacement of system states is a non-linear function of time, is usually identified in real stochastic processes by comparing experimental and ...theoretical displacements at relatively small time intervals. This paper proposes an interpolation expression for the identification of anomalous diffusion in complex signals for the cases when the dynamics of the system under study reaches a steady state (large time intervals). This interpolation expression uses the chaotic difference moment (transient structural function) of the second order as an average characteristic of displacements. A general procedure for identifying anomalous diffusion and calculating its parameters in real stochastic signals, which includes the removal of the regular (low-frequency) components from the source signal and the fitting of the chaotic part of the experimental difference moment of the second order to the interpolation expression, is presented. The procedure was applied to the analysis of the dynamics of magnetoencephalograms, blinking fluorescence of quantum dots, and X-ray emission from accreting objects. For all three applications, the interpolation was able to adequately describe the chaotic part of the experimental difference moment, which implies that anomalous diffusion manifests itself in these natural signals. The results of this study make it possible to broaden the range of complex natural processes in which anomalous diffusion can be identified. The relation between the interpolation expression and a diffusion model, which is derived in the paper, allows one to simulate the chaotic processes in the open complex systems with anomalous diffusion.
Phys.Lett.B336:457-463,1994 The baryon number dissipation rate due to sphaleron transitions at high
temperatures in the minimal standard model is evaluated. We find that this rate
can be considerably ...suppressed by one loop contributions of bosonic and
fermionic fluctuations which are particularly important for a small mass of the
Higgs boson and a large top quark mass. Fixing the latter to its recently
stated value of 174 GeV the complete erasure of the baryon asymmetry is
prevented within the framework of the minimal standard model if the Higgs mass
is less than about 66 GeV.
The baryon number dissipation rate due to sphaleron transitions at high temperatures in the minimal standard model is evaluated. We find that this rate can be considerably suppressed by one loop ...contributions of bosonic and fermionic fluctuations which are particularly important for a small mass of the Higgs boson and a large top quark mass. Fixing the latter to its recently stated value of 174 GeV the complete erasure of the baryon asymmetry is prevented within the framework of the minimal standard model if the Higgs mass is less than about 66 GeV.
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