Here we discuss and prove that the graphs attained by switching of any vertex with degree two which is adjacent to a vertex with degree two in triangular snake T.sub.m, switching of any vertex with ...degree one in path P.sub.m for m greater than or equal to 3 and m odd, Switching of vertex with degree two in P.sub.m except vertices u.sub.2 or u.sub.m-1 with m > 4 and switching of any vertex in cycle C.sub.m are an edge product cordial graphs. Keywords: Graph labeling, Product cordial labeling, Switching Operation, Edge Product Cordial Labeling. AMS Subject Classification: 05C78.
Let f : V (G) → {1, 2,..., |V (G)|} be a bijection, and let us denote S = f(u) + f(v) and D = |f(u) − f(v)| for every edge uv in E(G). Let f' be the induced edge labeling, induced by the vertex ...labeling f, defined as f' : E(G) → {0, 1} such that for any edge uv in E(G), f' (uv)=1 if gcd(S, D)=1, and f' (uv)=0 otherwise. Let ef' (0) and ef' (1) be the number of edges labeled with 0 and 1 respectively. f is SD-prime cordial labeling if |ef' (0) − ef' (1)| ≤ 1 and G is SD-prime cordial graph if it admits SD-prime cordial labeling. In this paper, we have discussed the SD-prime cordial labeling of alternate k-polygonal snake graphs of type-1, type-2 and type-3.
Let f : V(G) right arrow {1, 2,... , |V(G)|} be a bijection, and let us denote S = f(u) + f(v) and D = |f(u) - f(v)| for every edge uv in E(G). Let f' be the induced edge labeling, induced by the ...vertex labeling f, defined as f' : E(G) right arrow {0,1} such that for any edge uv in E(G),f'(uv) = 1 if gcd(S, D) = 1, and f'(uv) = 0 otherwise. Let e.sub.f'/(0) and e.sub.f'/(1) be the number of edges labeled with 0 and 1 respectively. f is SD-prime cordial labeling if |e.sub.f'/(0) - e.sub.f'/(1)| less than or equal to 1 and G is SD-prime cordial graph if it admits SD-prime cordial labeling. In this paper, we have discussed the SD-prime cordial labeling of subdivision of K.sub.4--snake S(K.sub.4S.sub.n), subdivision of double K.sub.4--snake S(D(K.sub.4S.sub.n)), subdivision of alternate K.sub.4--snake S(A(K.sub.4S.sub.n)) of type 1, 2 and 3, and subdivision of double alternate K.sub.4--snake S(DA(K.sub.4S.sub.n)) of type 1, 2 and 3. Keywords: SD-prime cordial graph, Subdivision of K.sub.4--Snake, Subdivision of Alternate K.sub.4--Snake, Subdivision of Double K.sub.4--Snake, Subdivision of Double Alternate K.sub.4--Snake, m--Complete Snake. AMS Subject Classification: 05C78.
Let f : V (G) right arrow (1, 2,...,|V (G)|} be a bijection, and let us denote S = f (u) + f (v) and D = |f (u)-f (v)| for every edge uv in E(G). Let f' be the induced edge labeling, induced by the ...vertex labeling f, defined as f` : E(G) right arrow {0,1} such that for any edge uv in E(G),f`(uv) = 1 if gcd(S, D) = 1, and f` (uv) = 0 otherwise. Let e.sub.f`(0) and e.sub.f` (1) be the number of edges labeled with 0 and 1 respectively. f is SD-prime cordial labeling if |e.sub.f` (0)-e.sub.f` less than or equal to 1 and G is SD-prime cordial graph if it admits SD-prime cordial labeling. In this paper, we have discussed the SD-prime cordial labeling of subdivision of K.sub.4-snake S(K.sub.4S.sub.n), subdivision of double K.sub.4-snake S(D(K.sub.4S.sub.n)), subdivision of alternate K.sub.4-snake S(A(K.sub.4S.sub.n)) of type 1, 2 and 3, and subdivision of double alternate K.sub.4-snake S(DA(K.sub.4S.sub.n)) of type 1, 2 and 3. Keywords: SD-prime cordial graph, Subdivision of K.sub.4-Snake, Subdivision of Alternate K.sub.4-Snake, Subdivision of Double K.sub.4-Snake, Subdivision of Double Alternate K.sub.4-Snake, m-Complete Snake. AMS Subject Classification: 05C78.
Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) contribute to 90% of injuries occurring in the world. The liver is one of the commonest organs injured in abdominal trauma. This study aims to highlight the ...demographic and management profile of liver injury patients, presenting to four urban Indian university hospitals in India.
This is a retrospective registry-based study. Data of patients with liver injury either isolated or concomitant with other injuries was used using the ICD-10 code S36.1 for liver injury. The severity of injury was graded based on the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) grading for liver injuries.
A total of 368 liver injury patients were analysed. Eighty-nine percent were males, with road traffic injuries being the commonest mechanism. As per WSES liver injury grade, there were 127 (34.5%) grade I, 96 (26.1%) grade II, 70 (19.0%) grade III and 66 (17.9%) grade IV injuries. The overall mortality was 16.6%. Two hundred sixty-two patients (71.2%) were managed non-operatively (NOM), and 106 (38.8%) were operated. 90.1% of those managed non-operatively survived.
In this multicentre cohort of liver injury patients from urban university hospitals in India, the commonest profile of patient was a young male, with a blunt injury to the abdomen due to a road traffic accident. Success rate of non-operative management of liver injury is comparable to other countries.
Let G = (V(G),E(G)) be a graph and let f : V(G) → {0,1} be a mapping from the set of vertices to {0,1} and for each edge uv ∈ E assign the label |f (u) - f (v)|. If the number of vertices labeled ...with 0 and the number of vertices labeled with 1 differ by at most 1 and the number of edges labled with 0 and the number of edges labeled with 1 differ by at most 1, then f is called a cordial labeling. We discuss cordial labeling of graphs obtained from duplication of certain graph elements in web and armed helm.
A barbell graph B(r, n) is a graph consists of path Pn joining two complete graphs Kr. This paper deals with study of the product cordial labeling of graphs that are obtained by applying various ...graph operations on barbell graph.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the ACR response of spironolactone when added to continuing regimen of Disease-Modifying anitrheumatic durgs (DMARDs ) therapy in 28 naive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, ...who failed to respond adequately on monotherapy or combination of conventional disease modifying agents. METHODS: A distinct study on 28 patients of 24 weeks was designed to gain additional data concern the use of spironolactone (2mg/Kg/OD) in RA patients with active disease despite core standard therapy with DMARDs. American College of Rheumatology (ACR) responses at zero week, 12 week and 24 weeks were calculated statistically. The differences before and after spironolactone treatment were examined by 2-tailed paired student t-test. Results were considered significant at 95% level (p≤0.05) and presented as mean ± SEM. RESULTS: All ACR (20, 50, 70, 90) core set variables were significantly improved after 6 months with spironolactone treatment when compared with baseline in 26 patient. Two patients dropped out the study. 23 patients (88.4%) achieved target response (ACR 20% response), measured as composite index which is based on standard criteria set by American College of Rheumatology and is evaluated as 20% improvement in at least 20% reduction of Tender Joint Count (TJC), Swollen Joint Count (SJC) and in addition to a 20% improvement in at least three of the five activity measures; patient & physician assessment of general health on VAS scale, pain intensity assessment, ESR and HAQ functional questionnaire. Sixteen (61.5%), eleven (42.3%), nine (34.6%) and four (15.3%) patients also achieved ACR 50%, 70%, 90% response respectively after 24 weeks treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests that when spironolactone added with DMARDs, impacts both clinically and biologically to the patients with RA. The addition of spironolactone to the treatment of patients who respond incompletely to DMARDs alone or in combination may be distinctly valuable in the management of RA.
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