Les enfants en cours de traitements oncologiques sont amenés à supporter des soins récurrents qui peuvent être douloureux et/ou anxiogènes. Pour pallier cette difficulté, un dispositif original a été ...mis en place dans un service d’oncologie pédiatrique. Cet article décrit ce groupe pour les parents, coanimé par un comédien-clown et un soignant du service ; ils encadrent une réflexion autour de la distraction à l’hôpital et plus particulièrement au moment des soins infirmiers ou examens médicaux. Les qualités d’un tel dispositif sont soulignées ; valorisation des compétences parentales, plaisir de jouer, cocréation d’un espace de distraction.
Children treated in oncology experience recurrent procedural pain and anxiety. To overcome this difficulty, an original intervention was implemented in a pediatric oncology department. This article describes this group dedicated to the parents, coanimated by a clown-actor and a professional caregiver of the actor. The theme of this group is the distraction of the child especially at the moment of nursing care or medical examinations. The authors highlight the strengths of this group: emphasize parental skills, pleasure to play, cocreation of a space of distraction.
La thérapie cognitivocomportementale de l’insomnie (TCC-I) demeure difficile d’accès pour les patients atteints de cancer. Sa digitalisation semble une solution prometteuse pour bénéficier au plus ...grand nombre. La faisabilité d’un programme TCC-I québécois a été démontrée en France, tout en révélant les limites d’un dispositif suivi en autonomie et à distance. L’enjeu reste de mieux comprendre le rôle des professionnels de santé dans l’accompagnement des patients dans ce type de programme. C’est l’objectif de l’étude Sleep-4-All-2.0 dont nous présenterons ici le protocole.
Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) remains difficult to access for patients with cancer. Its digitalization seem like a promising solution to benefit as many people as possible. The feasibility of a Quebec CBTI program was thus demonstrated in France, while revealing the limits of a self-help remote program for patients with cancer. The challenge remains to better understand with the Sleep-4-All-2.0 protocol study the role of healthcare professionals in supporting patients in this type of program.
Photo-acoustic (PA) imaging has been developed for different purposes, but recently, the modality has gained interest with applications to small animal imaging. As a technique it is sensitive to ...endogenous optical contrast present in tissues and, contrary to diffuse optical imaging, it promises to bring high resolution imaging for in vivo studies at midrange depths (3-10 mm). Because of the limited amount of radiation tissues can be exposed to, existing reconstruction algorithms for circular tomography require a great number of measurements and averaging, implying long acquisition times. Time-resolved PA imaging is therefore possible only at the cost of complex and expensive electronics. This paper suggests a new reconstruction strategy using the compressed sensing formalism which states that a small number of linear projections of a compressible image contain enough information for reconstruction. By directly sampling the image to recover in a sparse representation, it is possible to dramatically reduce the number of measurements needed for a given quality of reconstruction.
Context. Over the past 40 years, helioseismology has been enormously successful in the study of the solar interior. A shortcoming has been the lack of a convincing detection of the solar g modes, ...which are oscillations driven by gravity and are hidden in the deepest part of the solar body – its hydrogen-burning core. The detection of g modes is expected to dramatically improve our ability to model this core, the rotational characteristics of which have, until now, remained unknown. Aims. We present the identification of very low frequency g modes in the asymptotic regime and two important parameters that have long been waited for: the core rotation rate, and the asymptotic equidistant period spacing of these g modes. Methods. The GOLF instrument on board the SOHO space observatory has provided two decades of full-disk helioseismic data. The search for g modes in GOLF measurements has been extremely difficult because of solar and instrumental noise. In the present study, the p modes of the GOLF signal are analyzed differently: we search for possible collective frequency modulations that are produced by periodic changes in the deep solar structure. Such modulations provide access to only very low frequency g modes, thus allowing statistical methods to take advantage of their asymptotic properties. Results. For oscillatory periods in the range between 9 and nearly 48 h, almost 100 g modes of spherical harmonic degree 1 and more than 100 g modes of degree 2 are predicted. They are not observed individually, but when combined, they unambiguously provide their asymptotic period equidistance and rotational splittings, in excellent agreement with the requirements of the asymptotic approximations. When the period equidistance has been measured, all of the individual frequencies of each mode can be determined. Previously, p-mode helioseismology allowed the g-mode period equidistance parameter P0 to be bracketed inside a narrow range, between approximately 34 and 35 min. Here, P0 is measured to be 34 min 01 s, with a 1 s uncertainty. The previously unknown g-mode splittings have now been measured from a non-synodic reference with very high accuracy, and they imply a mean weighted rotation of 1277 ± 10 nHz (9-day period) of their kernels, resulting in a rapid rotation frequency of 1644 ± 23 nHz (period of one week) of the solar core itself, which is a factor 3.8 ± 0.1 faster than the rotation of the radiative envelope. Conclusions. The g modes are known to be the keys to a better understanding of the structure and dynamics of the solar core. Their detection with these precise parameters will certainly stimulate a new era of research in this field.
Context. With the space-borne missions CoRoT and Kepler, a large amount of asteroseismic data is now available and has led to a variety of work. So-called global oscillation parameters are inferred ...to characterize the large sets of stars, perform ensemble asteroseismology, and derive scaling relations. The mean large separation is such a key parameter, easily deduced from the radial-frequency differences in the observed oscillation spectrum and closely related to the mean stellar density. It is therefore crucial to measure it with the highest accuracy in order to obtain the most precise asteroseismic indices. Aims. As the conditions of measurement of the large separation do not coincide with its theoretical definition, we revisit the asymptotic expressions used for analyzing the observed oscillation spectra. Then, we examine the consequence of the difference between the observed and asymptotic values of the mean large separation. Methods. The analysis is focused on radial modes. We use series of radial-mode frequencies in published analyses of stars with solar-like oscillations to compare the asymptotic and observational values of the large separation. This comparison relies on the proper use of the second-order asymptotic expansion. Results. We propose a simple formulation to correct the observed value of the large separation and then derive its asymptotic counterpart. The measurement of the curvature of the radial ridges in the échelle diagram provides the correcting factor. We prove that, apart from glitches due to stellar structure discontinuities, the asymptotic expansion is valid from main-sequence stars to red giants. Our model shows that the asymptotic offset is close to 1/4, as in the theoretical development, for low-mass, main-sequence stars, subgiants and red giants. Conclusions. High-quality solar-like oscillation spectra derived from precise photometric measurements are definitely better described with the second-order asymptotic expansion. The second-order term is responsible for the curvature observed in the échelle diagrams used for analyzing the oscillation spectra, and this curvature is responsible for the difference between the observed and asymptotic values of the large separation. Taking it into account yields a revision of the scaling relations, which provides more accurate asteroseismic estimates of the stellar mass and radius. After correction of the bias (6% for the stellar radius and 3% for the mass), the performance of the calibrated relation is about 4% and 8% for estimating, respectively, the stellar radius and the stellar mass for masses less than 1.3 M⊙; the accuracy is twice as bad for higher mass stars and red giants.
New processing techniques for manipulating blood and its components at a microfluidic scale are currently implemented. As for extracorporeal circulation, the in-line evaluation and monitoring of ...blood properties during these microfluidic techniques is a challenging task. Here, we show that the blood hematocrit can be measured non-invasively in a sub-millimeter medical tube using the non-Newtonian behavior of blood velocity profile. This hematocrit measurement is demonstrated on human blood with a simple Doppler ultrasound system. Results show a mean measurement error of 4.6 ± 1.3%Hct for hematocrit up to 52% and for 5 s-long ultrasonic signals. The simplicity and the measurement scale of the approach make it highly valuable for measuring hematocrit in new blood separation techniques. The approach may have an impact on in-vitro blood processing in general.
Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) are laboratory courses that integrate broadly relevant problems, discovery, use of the scientific process, collaboration, and iteration to ...provide more students with research experiences than is possible in individually mentored faculty laboratories. Members of the national Malate dehydrogenase CUREs Community (MCC) investigated the differences in student impacts between traditional laboratory courses (control), a short module CURE within traditional laboratory courses (mCURE), and CUREs lasting the entire course (cCURE). The sample included approximately 1,500 students taught by 22 faculty at 19 institutions. We investigated course structures for elements of a CURE and student outcomes including student knowledge, student learning, student attitudes, interest in future research, overall experience, future GPA, and retention in STEM. We also disaggregated the data to investigate whether underrepresented minority (URM) outcomes were different from White and Asian students. We found that the less time students spent in the CURE the less the course was reported to contain experiences indicative of a CURE. The cCURE imparted the largest impacts for experimental design, career interests, and plans to conduct future research, while the remaining outcomes were similar between the three conditions. The mCURE student outcomes were similar to control courses for most outcomes measured in this study. However, for experimental design, the mCURE was not significantly different than either the control or cCURE. Comparing URM and White/Asian student outcomes indicated no difference for condition, except for interest in future research. Notably, the URM students in the mCURE condition had significantly higher interest in conducting research in the future than White/Asian students.
4D ultrafast ultrasound imaging was recently shown using a 2D matrix (i.e. fully populated) connected to a 1024-channel ultrafast ultrasound scanner. In this study, we investigate the row-column ...addressing (RCA) matrix approach, which allows a reduction of independent channels from N × N to N + N, with a dedicated beamforming strategy for ultrafast ultrasound imaging based on the coherent compounding of orthogonal plane wave (OPW). OPW is based on coherent compounding of plane wave transmissions in one direction with receive beamforming along the orthogonal direction and its orthogonal companion sequence. Such coherent recombination of complementary orthogonal sequences leads to the virtual transmit focusing in both directions which results into a final isotropic point spread function (PSF). In this study, a 32 × 32 2D matrix array probe (1024 channels), centered at 5 MHz was considered. An RCA array, of same footprint with 32 + 32 elements (64 channels), was emulated by summing the elements either along a line or a column in software prior to beamforming. This approach allowed for the direct comparison of the 32 + 32 RCA scheme to the optimal fully sampled 32 × 32 2D matrix configuration, which served as the gold standard. This approach was first studied through PSF simulations and then validated experimentally on a phantom consisting of anechoic cysts and echogenic wires. The contrast-to-noise ratio and the lateral resolution of the RCA approach were found to be approximately equal to half (in decibel) and twice the values, respectively, obtained when using the 2D matrix approach. Results in a Doppler phantom and the human humeral artery in vivo confirmed that ultrafast Doppler imaging can be achieved with reduced performances when compared against the equivalent 2D matrix. Volumetric anatomic Doppler rendering and voxel-based pulsed Doppler quantification are presented as well. OPW compound imaging using emulated RCA matrix can achieve a power Doppler with sufficient contrast to recover the vein shape and provides an accurate Doppler spectrum.
Measurements on 1.3-/spl mu/m quantum-dot lasers are presented that reveal a number of interesting effects. 1) At high bias, a second lasing line appears, corresponding to the excited state ...transition. 2) The linewidth enhancement factor increases dramatically above threshold. 3) The modulation performance is degraded when the second lasing line appears. A comprehensive numerical model is developed to explain this behavior. We attribute it to incomplete gain clamping above threshold. This is caused by a combination of the finite intraband relaxation time and the limited density of states.
Integrating research into the classroom environment is an influential pedagogical tool to support student learning, increase retention of STEM students, and help students identify as scientists. The ...evolution of course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) has grown from individual faculty incorporating their research in the teaching laboratory into well-supported systems to sustain faculty engagement in CUREs. To support the growth of protein-centric biochemistry-related CUREs, we cultivated a community of enthusiastic faculty to develop and adopt malate dehydrogenase (MDH) as a CURE focal point. The MDH CURE Community has grown into a vibrant and exciting group of over 28 faculty from various institutions, including community colleges, minority-serving institutions, undergraduate institutions, and research-intensive institutions in just 4 years. This collective has also addressed important pedagogical questions on the impact of CURE collaboration and the length of the CURE experience in community colleges, undergraduate institutions, and research-intensive institutions. This work provided evidence that modular or partial-semester CUREs also support student outcomes, especially the positive impact it had on underrepresented students. We are currently focused on expanding the MDH CURE Community network by generating more teaching and research materials, creating regional hubs for local interaction and increasing mentoring capacity, and offering mentoring and professional development opportunities for new faculty adopters.
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