The efficient exploitation and utilization of low‐cost and biomass‐derived carbon materials will play an active role in developing sustainable energy storage systems. However, the difficult ...morphology control and incomplete activation limits their pervasive application in electrochemical energy storage. Inspired by the famous Chinese folk handicraft of sugar‐figure blowing, biomass‐derived carbon aerogels (GCA) with 2 D graphene‐like thin nanosheets were fabricated by a simple chemical blowing strategy from a viscous agaric solution obtained through hydrothermal treatment of agaric. A chemical blowing agent (NH4Cl) was used to effectively exfoliate the bulk biomass‐derived carbon flake into 2 D graphene‐like nanosheets, which resulted in a highly porous structure and high specific area (2200 m2 g−1) after the activation process. As a result, a high specific capacitance of 340 F g−1 at 3 A g−1 and a high specific energy of 25.5 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 2 kW kg−1 was obtained for the GCA electrode, which can be attributed to the abundant electrochemically active surfaces, short ion transport paths, and effective electrolyte infiltration.. This work demonstrates an effective and low‐cost strategy to prepare hierarchical and well‐organized porous biomass carbon materials with graphene‐like nanosheets for high‐performance supercapacitors.
Get blown away: A facile chemical blowing strategy inspired by sugar‐figure blowing—a Chinese folk handicraft—is used to fabricate a biomass‐derived carbon aerogel with graphene‐like nanosheet structures for high‐performance supercapacitors.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Orphan nuclear receptor Nur77, which is low expressed in HCC, functions as a tumor suppressor to ...suppress HCC. However, the detailed mechanism is still not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that Nur77 could inhibit HCC development via transcriptional activation of the lncRNA WAP four-disulfide core domain 21 pseudogene (WFDC21P). Nur77 binds to its response elements on the WFDC21P promoter to directly induce WFDC21P transcription, which inhibits HCC cell proliferation, tumor growth, and tumor metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. In clinical HCC samples, WFDC21P expression positively correlated with that of Nur77, and the loss of WFDC21P is associated with worse prognosis. Mechanistically, WFDC21P could inhibit glycolysis by simultaneously interacting with PFKP and PKM2, two key enzymes in glycolysis. These interactions not only abrogate the tetramer formation of PFKP to impede its catalytic activity but also prevent the nuclear translocation of PKM2 to suppress its function as a transcriptional coactivator. Cytosporone-B (Csn-B), an agonist for Nur77, could stimulate WFDC21P expression and suppress HCC in a WFDC21P-dependent manner. Therefore, our study reveals a new HCC suppressor and connects the glycolytic remodeling of HCC with the Nur77-WFDC21P-PFKP/PKM2 axis.
NK cells play a role in various cancers, but their role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) still needs to be explored. All public data are obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas Program ...(TCGA) database. All analysis was performed using specific packages in R software. In our study, we quantified the immune microenvironment of HNSCC through multiple algorithms. Next, we identified NK cell‐associated genes by quantifying NK cells, including SSNA1, TRIR, PAXX, DPP7, WDR34, EZR, PHLDA1 and ELOVL1. Then, we explored the single‐cell expression pattern of these genes in the HNSCC microenvironment. Univariate Cox regression analysis indicated that the EZR, PHLDA1 and ELOVL1 were related to the prognosis of HNSCC patients. Following this, we selected EZR for further analysis. Our results showed that the patients with high EZR expression might have a poor prognosis and worse clinical features. Biological enrichment analysis showed that EZR is associated with many oncogenic pathways and a higher tumour stemness index. Meanwhile, we found that EZR can remodel the immune microenvironment of HNSCC. Moreover, we noticed that EZR could affect the immunotherapy and specific drug sensitivity, making it an underlying clinical target. In summary, our results can improve the understanding of NK cell in HNSCC. Meanwhile, we identified EZR as the underlying clinical target of HNSCC.
In the maintenance of transmission lines, prompt detection and repair of electrical equipment faults can greatly reduce the losses of public property. Hence, the development of a highly sensitive ...detection device for transformer oil fault gases (H2, CH4, CO, and C2H2) is of significant importance. This study investigates the adsorption behavior and sensing characteristics of TiO2 and Ag2O-doped GeTe monolayers on transformer oil fault gases using first principle calculations. The results indicate that doping TiO2 and Ag2O enhances the conductivity of the GeTe monolayer by 16.8% and 14.9%, respectively. However, in comparison to TiO2, Ag2O significantly increases the adsorption energy of the GeTe monolayer for the four gases: H2 (301%), CH4 (252%), CO (299%), and C2H2 (249%). The suitable adsorption energy enables the Ag2 O-doped GeTe monolayer to exhibit good sensitivity and allow for gas desorption from the substrate at high temperatures, potentially addressing the industrial issue of recovery and utilization of sensing materials. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the design and application of resistance-based chemical sensors used to detect transformer oil decomposition gases.
Survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor, which is largely attributed to active angiogenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying angiogenesis in HCC remain to be ...discovered. In this study, we found that long noncoding RNA associated with microvascular invasion in HCC (lncRNA MVIH) (lncRNA associated with microvascular invasion in HCC) was generally overexpressed in HCC. In a cohort of 215 HCC patients, the overexpression of MVIH was associated with frequent microvascular invasion (P = 0.016) and a higher tumor node metastasis stage (P = 0.009) as well as decreased recurrence‐free survival (RFS) (P < 0.001) and overall survival (P = 0.007). Moreover, the up‐regulation of MVIH served as an independent risk factor to predict poor RFS. We also found that MVIH could promote tumor growth and intrahepatic metastasis by activating angiogenesis in mouse models. Subsequent investigations indicated that MVIH could activate tumor‐inducing angiogenesis by inhibiting the secretion of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1). Additionally, in 65 HCC samples, MVIH expression was inversely correlated with the serum level of PGK1 and positively correlated with the microvessel density. Conclusion: Deregulation of lncRNA MVIH is a predictor for poor RFS of HCC patients after hepatectomy and could be utilized as a potential target for new adjuvant therapies against active angiogenesis. (HEPATOLOGY 2012;56:2142–2153)
In this study, poly(vinyl sulfonate) (PVS)–capped surfaces are constructed on the polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and poly(styrene sulfonate) via ...electrostatic assembly. The water wetting behavior on the resulting PVS‐capped PEMs is meticulously correlated with the number of surface sulfonate groups with the aid of sum frequency generation spectroscopy and quartz crystal microbalance. It is found that when the molecular packing density of surface sulfonate groups is adjusted to be comparable to the maximal packing density of spheres in two dimensions (≈0.9), the PVS capping is able to effectively adsorb water molecules from the surrounding to form hydrogen‐bonded networks, which not only promote complete surface wetting by water in air but also diminish surface affinity to adhesion of ice, oil and wax deposited atop. As a result, the PVS‐capped PEMs are able to fulfil all the self‐cleaning functions proposed for superhydrophilic surfaces including anti‐fogging, anti‐icing, anti‐grease, anti‐smudge, anti‐graffiti, and anti‐wax. After being coated with the self‐cleaning PVS‐capped PEMs, conventional stainless steel meshes are able to perform oil‐water separation without prior water wetting.
Simple poly(vinyl sulfonate) (PVS) coatings are able to fulfil all self‐cleaning functions expected for superhydrophilic surfaces, including anti‐fogging, anti‐icing, anti‐grease and anti‐wax, when the molecular packing density of sulfonate groups packing density is adjusted as high as 0.9 to completely suppress the impact of surface non‐polar moieties to surface hydrophilicity.
We report enhanced optical nonlinear effects at the surface of an ultrahigh-Q silica microcavity functionalized by a thin layer of organic molecules. The maximal conversion efficiency of third ...harmonic generation reaches ∼1680%/W2 and an absolute efficiency of 0.0144% at pump power of ∼2.90 mW, which is approximately 4 orders of magnitude higher than that in a reported silica microcavity. Further analysis clarifies the elusive dependence of the third harmonic signal on the pump power in previous literature. Molecule-functionalized microcavities may find promising applications in high-efficiency broadband optical frequency conversion and offer potential in sensitive surface analysis.
The design and fabrication of high-performance and low-cost electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are highly desirable towards the next-generation energy storage and conversion ...technologies. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the typical non-precious metal-based catalyst, have drawn significant attentions in electrochemical OER, whereas their low catalytic performance and cumbersome synthesis route seriously prohibit the scalable applications in OER. In this study, a facile and economical strategy (namely, the simple one-step pyrolysis of Fe(C5H5)2) was dedicatedly exploited for successfully producing CNTs encapsulated with Fe3C nanoparticles (NPs). It is found that encapsulated Fe3C NPs significantly enhance the alkaline OER activity and the stability of CNTs. Our experimental investigations indicate the active sites of this Fe3C@CNTs electrocatalyst for OER are the oxygen-containing functional groups bonding to the surface of CNTs. The interaction between Fe3C NPs and CNTs boosts the OER activity and the stability of CNTs. In sum, the simple and low-cost synthetic strategy of Fe3C@CNTs combined with its excellent catalytic performances prompts it promising for future practical OER.
Display omitted
After constant potential passivation (CPP), the effect of rare earth yttrium (Y) on the corrosion resistance of the passive film on the surface of FeCr0.7NiCu0.5Ti0.5 alloy in H2SO4 was investigated. ...The results manifested that when Y content exceeded 0.04, the microstructure of Ni3Ti transformed into Cu5Y phase, and gradually expanded with the addition of Y. XPS etching analysis of passive film composition with changing etching depth and cyclic polarization analysis of passive film pitting corrosion sensitivity are two methods used to assess the corrosion resistance of alloy. Compared with FeCr0.7NiCu0.5Ti0.5 alloy and FeCr0.7NiCu0.5Ti0.5Y0.06 alloy, the passivation current density after CPP reduced from 5.682 × 10−3 to 4.630 × 10−4 A/cm2. With the addition of Y, the protection and density of the passive film was enhanced, resulting in an improvement in the corrosion resistance of the alloy. The pitting corrosion behavior was related to the changes in inclusion content and morphology caused by Y, and rare earth was advantageous to boost the passivation capability of FeCr0.7NiCu0.5Ti0.5 series alloy.
•The novel FeCrxNiCu0.5Ti0.5Yx (x = 0–1.0) high-entropy alloys are designed.•The doped Y promotes the formation of HCP phase.•The addition of Y can improve the compactness of the passive film.
Gesture recognition using machine learning methods is valuable in the development of healthcare and human-computer interaction and typically relies on images or video. To improve recognition ...accuracy, these visual data can be combined with data from other sensors, but this approach, known as data fusion, is limited by the quality of sensor data and incompatible datasets. Here, we propose a flexible strain sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG) technology, which is easy to manufacture and has superior performance. The sensor is attached to the finger and effectively captures finger bending information as an additional gesture information channel, constructing a bimodal gesture interaction interface for strain and vision. In particular, a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) based on machine learning is used to acquire features in monocular camera image data. The data fusion method of feature layer fusion is selected to construct a bimodal gesture recognition system based on image data and strain sensor data. Experimental tests show that the strain and vision bimodal gesture interaction interface developed based on this fusion recognition model can still achieve more than 90% real-time gesture recognition accuracy under an illumination level of 20 lx, which effectively solves the problem of the traditional monocular vision's gesture interaction interface with a significant decrease in recognition accuracy under dark light conditions and also further expands the application of LIG flexible sensor devices in human-computer interaction system.
PDF
